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Quafu-Qcover:Explore combinatorial optimization problems on cloud-based quantum computers

Chinese Physics B 2024年第5期33卷 104-115页

作者：许宏泽庄伟峰王正安黄凯旋时运豪马卫国李天铭陈驰通许凯冯玉龙刘培陈墨李尚书杨智鹏钱辰靳羽欣马运恒肖骁钱鹏顾炎武柴绪丹普亚南张翼鹏魏世杰增进峰李行龙桂鲁金贻荣于海峰范桁刘东胡孟军 Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beijing 100193China State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics Department of PhysicsTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information Beijing 100184China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation UCASBeijing 100190China

We introduce Quafu-Qcover,an open-source cloud-based software package developed for solving combinatorial optimization problems using quantum simulators and hardware ***-Qcover provides a standardized and comprehensive workflow that utilizes the quantum approximate optimization algorithm(QAOA).It facilitates the automatic conversion of the original problem into a quadratic unconstrained binary optimization(QUBO)model and its corresponding Ising model,which can be subsequently transformed into a weight *** core of Qcover relies on a graph decomposition-based classical algorithm,which efficiently derives the optimal parameters for the shallow QAOA ***-Qcover incorporates a dedicated compiler capable of translating QAOA circuits into physical quantum circuits that can be executed on Quafu cloud quantum *** to a general-purpose compiler,our compiler demonstrates the ability to generate shorter circuit depths,while also exhibiting superior speed ***,the Qcover compiler has the capability to dynamically create a library of qubits coupling substructures in real-time,utilizing the most recent calibration data from the superconducting quantum *** ensures that computational tasks can be assigned to connected physical qubits with the highest *** Quafu-Qcover allows us to retrieve quantum computing sampling results using a task ID at any time,enabling asynchronous ***,it incorporates modules for results preprocessing and visualization,facilitating an intuitive display of solutions for combinatorial optimization *** hope that Quafu-Qcover can serve as an instructive illustration for how to explore application problems on the Quafu cloud quantum computers.

关键词： quantum cloud platform combinatorial optimization problems quantum software

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Fabrication of Intracranial Vascular Nitinol Alloy Stents with Improved Mechanical Property and Endothelialization Function

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2022年第12期35卷 2069-2081页

作者： Yangyang Yan Na Li Feng guo Anhua Wu wei jin Rui Yang Yun Bai xing zhang shi-Changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China College of Life Science and Engineering Shenyang UniversityShenyang 110044China Department of Neurosurgery The First Affi liated Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang 110001China

Intracranial vascular stenting has been widely used for ischemic ***,there are complication risks with stent implantation,such as poor wall apposition,stent migration,thromboembolism and stent restenosis,due to the mismatched radial force and conformability of the stents."Therefore,a novel intracranial vascular nitinol stent was fabricated in order to improve mechanical property and endothelialization *** bending moment of the stents was calculated to be 0.346 N mm,which shows improved *** radial force of the stents evaluated by the flat plate test was0.0112 N/mm,within the range of the commercially available stent force(0.0065-0.0116 N/mm).Furthermore,the TyrIle-Gly-Ser-Arg(YIGSR)peptide derived from laminin was grafted onto the stent surfaces to promote endothelialization on vascular stents evaluated by the proliferation,adhesion and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells in *** nitinol stents with improved mechanical property and endothelialization function are expected to reduce the recurrence risk of ischemic stroke after implantation.

关键词： Nitinol stents Conformability Radial force Endothelialization Intracranial stenosis treatment

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Mortality weighting-based method for aggregate urban air risk assessment

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2011年第9期12卷 702-709页

作者： Qing-yu zhang guo-jin SUN wei-li TIAN Yu-mei wei Si-mai FANG jin-feng RUAN guo-rong SHAN Yao shi Department of Environmental Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China Department of Chemical Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Industrial Boiler & Furnace Flue Gas Pollution Control Hangzhou 311202 China College of Information University of International Business and Economic Beijing 100029 China

This paper deals with a mortality-weighted synthetic evaluation （MWSE） method for evaluating urban air risk. Sulphur dioxide （SO2）, nitrogen oxide （NOx）, and particulate matter （PMl0） were used as pollution indices. The urban area of Hangzhou, China is divided into 756 grid cells, with a resolution of 1 km× 1 km, and is evaluated using the MWSE and the air quality index （AQI）, a widely-used method to evaluate ambient air quality and air risk. In an evaluation of one day in April 2004, the surface areas categorized as levels Ⅰ and Ⅲ, as defined by the integrated air risk evaluation, were 27.3% and 3.3% lower, respectively, than grades Ⅰ and Ⅲ defined by the AQI evaluation. Meanwhile, the areas classified as level Ⅱ or above level Ⅲ by the integrated air risk evaluation were 55.1% and 101. 1% higher, respectively, than grade Ⅱ or above grade Ⅲ when using the AQI evaluation. From this comparison, we find that the MWSE method is more sensitive than the AQI method. The AQI method uses a single index to assess integrated air quality and is therefore unable to evaluate integrated air risks due to multiple pollutants. The MWSE method overcomes this problem, providing improved accuracy in air risk assessment.

关键词： Integrated air risk Mortality-weighted synthetic evaluation (MWSE) Air quality index (AQI) Air pollution

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Quafu-RL:The cloud quantum computers based quantum reinforcement learning

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第5期33卷 29-34页

作者：靳羽欣许宏泽王正安庄伟峰黄凯旋时运豪马卫国李天铭陈驰通许凯冯玉龙刘培陈墨李尚书杨智鹏钱辰马运恒肖骁钱鹏顾炎武柴绪丹普亚南张翼鹏魏世杰曾进峰李行龙桂鲁金贻荣于海峰范桁刘东胡孟军 Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beijing 100193China State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics Department of PhysicsTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information Beijing 100184China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Mathematical Sciences Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

With the rapid advancement of quantum computing,hybrid quantum–classical machine learning has shown numerous potential applications at the current stage,with expectations of being achievable in the noisy intermediate-scale quantum(NISQ)*** reinforcement learning,as an indispensable study,has recently demonstrated its ability to solve standard benchmark environments with formally provable theoretical advantages over classical ***,despite the progress of quantum processors and the emergence of quantum computing clouds,implementing quantum reinforcement learning algorithms utilizing parameterized quantum circuits(PQCs)on NISQ devices remains *** this work,we take the first step towards executing benchmark quantum reinforcement problems on real devices equipped with at most 136 qubits on the BAQIS Quafu quantum computing *** experimental results demonstrate that the policy agents can successfully accomplish objectives under modified conditions in both the training and inference ***,we design hardware-efficient PQC architectures in the quantum model using a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm and develop a learning algorithm that is adaptable to quantum *** hope that the Quafu-RL can be a guiding example to show how to realize machine learning tasks by taking advantage of quantum computers on the quantum cloud platform.

关键词： quantum cloud platform quantum reinforcement learning evolutionary quantum architecture search

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耐低温异养硝化-好氧反硝化菌N2的脱氮性能与应用

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农业生物技术学报 2024年第7期32卷 1626-1641页

作者：张婷刘诗园高雅娟胡凌康李晨晨谭骞骞张国伟靳永胜北京农学院生物与资源环境学院/植物科学技术学院

低温会抑制脱氮菌的生长与代谢，从而导致冬季污水处理厂存在脱氮效果差、出水水质难以达标的问题，筛选在低温条件下具有高效脱氮能力的异养硝化-好氧反硝化菌株是解决该问题的关键措施。本研究从内蒙古某化工厂的活性污泥中筛选分离... 详细信息

低温会抑制脱氮菌的生长与代谢，从而导致冬季污水处理厂存在脱氮效果差、出水水质难以达标的问题，筛选在低温条件下具有高效脱氮能力的异养硝化-好氧反硝化菌株是解决该问题的关键措施。本研究从内蒙古某化工厂的活性污泥中筛选分离耐低温脱氮菌株，并对菌株进行鉴定；分别以氨氮、硝态氮及亚硝态氮为唯一氮源研究其脱氮特性，进一步分析不同单因素条件—碳源、碳氮比(C/N)、pH、转速和温度对菌株脱氮性能的影响，通过响应面法优化菌株脱氮效率的关键因子，确定菌株最佳脱氮条件；最后，将分离的菌株用于2种不同类型的污水，检测其脱氮效果。结果显示，从污泥中筛出的耐低温菌经鉴定属于阴沟肠杆菌(Enterobacter cloacae)，命名为N2 (GenBank No. OQ834747)；菌株N2在8℃条件下对氨氮(304 mg/L)、硝态氮(37 mg/L)、亚硝态氮(30 mg/L)的去除率均达到100%。在碳源为蔗糖、C/N为8～20、pH 7～9、转速150～180 r/min时，对300 mg/L氨氮表现出优异的去除能力，其中最优脱氮条件为：碳源为蔗糖，C/N为8.97,pH 6.62，在此条件下总氮的去除率最高(83.2%)；菌株N2在8℃低温条件下，对化工厂污水和焦化厂污水的氨氮去除率分别达到100%和91%，总氮去除率分别达到99%和80%。因此，菌株N2在低温条件下具有优异的生长和脱氮性能，可应用于寒冷地区的污水脱氮。

关键词：低温异养硝化-好氧反硝化菌脱氮污水处理

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Sol-Gel Method for Preparation of LiLaNiO/γ-Al_2O_3 Catalyst over Monoliths used in POM Reaction

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2001年第3期12卷 253-256页

作者： Ran RAN guo xing XIONG Yu Hong zhang shi Shan SHENG wei Shen YANG State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesP.O.Box 110Dalian 116023

A new method for preparing LiLaNiO/γ(-Al2O3 monolithic catalyst was described and discussed. The catalyst, which was supported over the monolith, was evaluated in a POM to syngas process. Relative stable catalytic properties during the 120 hours operation at atmospheric pressure were found for the catalyst. Under the high space velocity of 9.0×104l/(kg·（h）（CH4）, the conversion of methane came to 95.5%, and the selectivity of carbon monoxide was not below 96.0% at 1123K when ratio of the feedstock （CH4/O2） was equal to 2.0.

关键词： Monolith LiLaNiO/γ-Al2O3 catalyst POM syngas.

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Dislocation configuration evolution during extension twinning and its influence on precipitation behavior in AZ80 wrought magnesium alloy

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镁合金学报(英文) 2023年第7期11卷 2442-2457页

作者： guo-Liang shi Kui zhang xing-Gang Li Yong-Jun Li Ming-Long Ma Jia-wei Yuan Hong-Ju zhang State Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals and Process Grinm Group Corporation Limited(GRINM)Beijing 100088China GRIMAT Engineering Institute Co. Ltd.Beijing 101407China guobiao(Beijing)Testing and Certification.Co. Ltd.Beijing 101407China

Thermomechanical treatment T10(extension twinning+aging treatment)can largely enhance the precipitation strengthening effect of magnesium *** this study,dislocation structure evolution and precipitation behavior during T10 treatment of an AZ80 extruded bar were analyzed mainly by two-beam diffraction in *** a compressive strain of 1%in the extrusion direction(ED),a typical dislocation configuration,including basal I1 stacking faults(SFs)anddislocations,has been established in extension *** the strain reaches 7%,the volume fraction of extension twins increases to more than 90%at which point high dense I1 SFs anddislocations *** aging for 2 h at 150℃for the 7%strained sample,masses of basal I1 SFs anddislocations remain in the extension twins and can act as effective nucleation sites and solute fast-diffusion channels for continuous ***,the precipitates in extension twins become highly dense.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Extension twin Dislocation Stacking fault Precipitation

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Microstructure and mechanical properties of TC4 joints brazed with Ti-Zr-Cu-Sn amorphous filler alloy

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Rare Metals 2021年第7期40卷 1881-1889页

作者： Hui-Hui zhang Zhen-Duo Cui Sheng-Li Zhu shi-wei guo Xian-jin Yang Akihisa Inoue School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 30007China Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology Ministry of EducationTianjin 300072China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials Tianjin 300072China Department of Physics King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 22254Saudi Arabia

The Ti_(51.44)Zr_(16.26)Cu_(30)Sn_(2.3)(at%)amorphous filler alloy in a ribbon form was prepared by melt *** Ti-6 Al-4 V alloy was brazed in vacuum furnace by using the Ti_(51.44)Zr_(16.26)Cu_(30)Sn_(2.3)amorphous filler *** effects of brazing temperature and holding time on the interfacial microstructure and mechanical properties of the Ti-6 Al-4 V brazed joints were *** brazed joints are composed ofα-Ti,β-Ti,and(Ti,Zr)_(2)Cu *** shear strength of the joints increases with brazing temperature increasing from 1153 to 1193 K and holding time from 10 to 15 min,while decreases with brazing temperature and time further *** temperature brazing results in the formation of microcracks and voids in the seams,which are harmful for the shear strength of the *** the joint brazed at 1193 K for 15 min,a fineα+βWidmansta¨tten structure beneficial to the mechanical property is formed,and the joint exhibits relatively high joint strength of 180 MPa.

关键词： Amorphous alloy Brazing Titanium alloy Microstructure Mechanical property

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Elastic scattering of ^(13)C and ^(14)C isotopes on a ^(208)Pb target at energies of approximately five times the Coulomb barriers

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第3期48卷 65-71页

作者：杨过段芳芳王康杨彦云孙志宇 Valdir Guimarães 庞丹阳陈文棣金磊许世伟马军兵马朋白真汪凌昊刘泉王惠仁吕冰锋郭松 Mukhi Kumar Raju 王秀华李荣华张玉虎周小红胡正国徐瑚珊 CAS Key Laboratory of High Precision Nuclear Spectroscopy Institute of Modern PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100080China Instituto de Física Universidade de São PauloRua do Matão1371São Paulo 05508-090SPBrazil School of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Materials and Physics Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China School of Physics Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China School of physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China Department of Physics GITAM School of ScienceGITAM UniversityVisakhapatnam 530045India

The elastic scattering angular distributions of ^(13)C at 340 MeV and ^(14)C at 294 MeV and 342 MeV on a ^(208)Pb target,which correspond to approximately five times the Coulomb barriers,were measured at the Radioactive Ion Beam Line in *** data were analyzed within the optical model and continuum-discretized coupled-channels(CDCC)framework,and the results of both calculations could effectively account for the experimental *** differential cross sections of elastic scattering revealed no particular suppression at the Coulomb nuclear interference peak angles,suggesting that the breakup coupling effects on the elastic scattering angular distributions were negligibly small in this incident energy *** contributions from the couplings with inelastic states to the elastic cross sections were of minor importance within the angular range covered by these experiments.

关键词： elastic scattering radioactive ion beam angular distribution optical model coupling effects

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Searching for^(76)Ge neutrinoless double beta decay with the CDEX-1B experiment

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第10期48卷 11-22页

作者： Bing-Tao zhang Jun-Zheng Wang Li-Tao Yang Qian Yue Ke-Jun Kang Yuan-jing Li Hai-Peng An C.Greeshma Jian-Ping Chang Yun-Huan Chen Jian-Ping Cheng Wen-Han Dai Zhi Deng Chang-Hao Fang Xin-Ping Geng Hui Gong Qiu-Ju guo Xu-Yuan guo Li He Sheng-Ming He jin-wei Hu Han-Xiong Huang Tu-Chen Huang Hai-Tao Jia Xi Jiang S.Karmakar Hao-Bin Li Jian-Min Li jin Li Qian-Yun Li Ren-Ming-Jie Li Xue-Qian Li Yu-Lan Li Yi-Fan Liang Bin Liao Fong-Kay Lin shin-Ted Lin Jia-Xuan Liu Shu-Kui Liu Yan-Dong Liu Yu Liu Yuan-Yuan Liu Zhong-Zhi Liu Hao Ma Yu-Cai Mao Qi-Yuan Nie jin-Hua Ning Hui Pan Ning-Chun Qi Jie Ren Xi-Chao Ruan Ze She Manoj Kumar Singh Tian-Xi Sun Chang-Jian Tang wei-You Tang Yang Tian Guang-Fu Wang Li Wang Qing Wang Yu-Feng Wang Yun-Xiang Wang Henry-Tsz-King Wong shi-Yong Wu Yu-Cheng Wu Hao-Yang xing Rui Xu Yin Xu Tao Xue Yu-Lu Yan Nan Yi Chun-Xu Yu Hai-Jun Yu Jian-Feng Yue Ming Zeng Zhi Zeng Feng-Shou zhang Lei zhang Zhen-Hua zhang Zhen-Yu zhang Kang-Kang Zhao Ming-Gang Zhao Ji-Fang Zhou Zu-Ying Zhou jing-Jun Zhou Key Laboratory of Particle and Radiation Imaging(Ministry of Education)and Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084 Department of Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084 Institute of Physics Academia SinicaTaipei 11529 NUCTECH Company Beijing 100084 YaLong River Hydropower Development Company Chengdu 610051 College of Nuclear Science and Technology Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875 College of Physics Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065 School of Physics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871 Department of Nuclear Physics China Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413 Sino-French Institute of Nuclear and Technology Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082 School of Physics Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071 Department of Physics Banaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi 221005 Department of Physics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875

We operated a p-type point contact high purity germanium(PPCGe)detector(CDEX-1B,1.008 kg)in the China jinping Underground Laboratory(CJPL)for 500.3 days to search for neutrinoless double beta(0νββ)decay of^(76)Ge.A total of 504.3 kg⋅day effective exposure data was *** anti-coincidence and the multi/single-site event(MSE/SSE)discrimination methods were used to suppress the background in the energy region of interest(ROI,1989–2089 keV for this work)with a factor of 23.A background level of 0.33 counts/(keV⋅kg⋅yr)was *** lower limit on the half life of^(76)Ge 0νββdecay was constrained as T_(1/2)^(0ν)>1.0×10^(23)yr(90%C.L.),corresponding to the upper limits on the effective Majorana neutrino mass:<3.2–7.5 eV.

关键词： neutrinoless double beta decay CDEX point-contact germanium detector ^(76)Ge

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