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农业中的植物生长物质

农业中的植物生长物质

Modulation of human global/local perception by low spatial frequency filtering

作者： r.j.·韦弗(r.j. weaver)

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第21期48卷 2336-2339页

作者： HANShihui j.A.weaver S.O.Murray KANGXiaojian E.W.Yund D.L.Woods DepartmentofPsychology CenterforBrainandCognitiveSciencesPekingUniversityBeijing100871China DepartmentofNeurology UniversityofCaliforniaatDavisVANorthernCaliforniaSystemofClinicsDavisCA95616USA

We investigated the effect of low spatial fre-quency (SF) filtering on neural substrates underlying global and local processing in the peripheral vision by measuring hemodynamic responses with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMrI). Subjects identified global or local shapes of compound letters that were either broadband in spatial- frequency spectrum or contrast balanced (CB) to removed low SFs and displayed randomly in the left or right visual fields. Attention to both broadband and CB global shapes generated stronger activation over the medial occipital cor-tex relative to local attention. Lateralized activations in association with global processing were observed over the right temporal-parietal junction for broadband stimuli whereas over the right fusiform gyrus for CB stimuli. Atten-tion to CB local shapes resulted in activations in the medial frontal cortex, bilateral inferior frontal and superior tempo-ral cortices. The results were discussed in terms of the competition between global and local information in determining brain activations in association with global/local processing of compound stimuli.

关键词：神经系统血液动力学功能磁性共振图空间频率光谱

The role of emerging organic contaminants in the development of antimicrobial resistance

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Emerging Contaminants 2021年第1期7卷 160-171页

作者： Izzie Alderton Barry r.Palmer.j.ck A.Heinemann Isabelle Pattis Louise weaver Maria j.Gutierrez-Gines jacqui Horswell Louis A.Tremblay Institute of Environmental Science&research(ESr) New Zealand School of Health Sciences Massey UniversityWellingtonNew Zealand School of Biological Sciences University of CanterburyChristchurchNew Zealand Cawthron Institute NelsonNew Zealand School of Biological Sciences University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand

Antimicrobial resistance(AMr)threatens human and ecological health *** major changes occur across the human,animal and environmental sectors,the problem will continue to *** important component of AMr that deserves greater attention is the influence of emerging organic contaminants(EOCs)e ubiquitous compounds found,amongst others,in pharmaceuticals,personal care products,food,industrial and agricultural products,plastics and building *** are widely used and can accumulate in the environment from varied sources,predominantly via waste *** can interact with microbial communities potentially leading to the emergence and spread of *** and pharmaceuticals have been demonstrated to promote AMr *** resistance is a multi-faceted problem that requires input from all sectors,with robust strategies and policies needed to make headway with solving the issues of this important threat.

关键词： resistance transfer Mechanisms of resistance Antimicrobial pollutants Antibiotics Personal care products Pharmaceuticals

Cross-neutralization and cross-protection among SArS-CoV-2 viruses bearing different variant spikes

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第9期7卷 3202-3205页

作者： Yang Liu jianying Liu jing Zou Birte Kalveram rafael r.G.Machado Ping ren Sina Tureli Derek j.Smith Scott C.weaver Xuping Xie Pei-Yong Shi Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA Institute of Infectious Diseases Shenzhen Bay LaboratoryShenzhenChina Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA Department of Pathology University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA Center for Pathogen Evolution Department of ZoologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK Sealy Institute for Drug Discovery University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA Sealy Center for Structural Biology&Molecular Biophysics University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA

Dear Editor The rapid evolution of SArS-CoV-2 mandates a better under-standing of cross-neutralization and cross-protection among *** information is essential to guide vaccine strategy and public *** examine the cross-protection among different variant spikes,we initially prepared four chimeric SArS-CoV-2 viruses(Fig.1a),each bearing the spike gene from Alpha,Beta,Gamma,or Epsilon in the backbone of USA-WA1/2020[isolated in january 2020 and defned as wild-type(WT)].

关键词： vaccine cross backbone

The potential of a year-round school calendar for maintaining children’s weight status and fitness:Preliminary outcomes from a natural experiment

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2020年第1期9卷 18-27,102页

作者： r.glenn weaver ethan hunt aaron rafferty michael w.beets keith brazendale gabrielle tumer-mcgrievy russell r.pate alberto maydeu-olivares brian saelens shawn youngstedt Separtment of exercise science university of south carolinacolumbiasc 29208usa Department of health promotion educationand behavioruniversity of south carolinacolumbiasc 29208usa Department of psychology university of south carolinacolumbiasc 29208usa Center for child health behavior and development seattle children's hospitalseattlewa 98105usa Department of nursing and health innovation arizona state universitytempeaz 85281usa

Purpose: To evaluate the potential of a year-round school calendar (180-day school year distributed across 12 months) as an intervention comparedto a traditional school calendar (180-day school year distributed across 9 months) for mitigating children's weight gain and fitness loss viaa natural ***. Height, weight, and cardiorespiratory fitness (CrF) (i.e., Fitnessgram Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance run) were measured inchildren (5—12 years old) in 3 schools (2 traditional, 1 year-round, n = 990 students, age = 8.6 土 2.4 years, 53.1% male, 68.9% African American) from1 school district. Structure (represented by the presence of a school day) was the independent variable. Changes in body mass index (BMI), age- andsex-specific BMI z-scores (zBMI), BMI percentile, percent of overweight or obese children, and CrF (Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurancerun laps completed) were assessed for summer 2017 (May—August 2017), school year 2017/2018 (August 2017—May 2018), and summer 2018(May—August 2018). Primary analyses examined the overall change in weight and CrF from summer 2017 until summer 2018 via multilevel mixedeffects regression, with group (traditional vs. year-round calendar), time, and a group-by-time interaction as the independent variables. Secondaryregression analyses estimated differences in change within and between groups during each time period, ***. Year-round students gained less BMI (difference in A = —0.44, 95% confidence interval (CI): —0.67 to —0.03) and less CrF (differencein △ = — 1.92, 95%CI: —3.56 to —0.28) than students attending a traditional school overall. Compared with traditional students, during both sum・mers, year-round students gained less BMI (summer 2017 difference in A = —0.15, 95%CI: —0.21 to —0.08;summer 2018 difference in△ = —0.16, 95%CI: —0.24 to —0.07) and zBMI (summer 2017 difference in A = —0.032, 95%CI: —0.050 to —0.010;summer 2018 difference in△ = —0.033, 95%CI: —0.056 to —0.009

关键词： Children Intervention Obesity Overweight Policy School calendar

Lateral migration with telescoping of a trochanteric fixation nail in the treatment of an intertrochanteric hip fracture

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Chinese Medical journal 2014年第4期127卷 680-684页

作者： Liu Wanjun Michael j.weaver Mark S.Vrahas Zhou Dongsheng Department of Orthopaedics Shandong Provincial HospitalShandong University Jinan Shandong 250021 China Department of Orthopaedics Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Beijing 100035 China Partners Orthopaedics Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard School of Medicine Boston MA 02114 USA

Background The trochanteric fixation nail （TFN） can be used to treat stable and unstable fractures of intertrochanteric hip *** study the common lateral migration that occurs with telescoping of intertrochanteric hip fractures treated with TFN and identify the predictors and relationships to clinical *** Patient demographic information,fracture type （Arbeitsgemeinschaft f＆#252;r Osteosynthesefragen （AO）/Orthopaedic Trauma Association （OTA） classification）,radiographic data,and clinical data were *** migration with telescoping was *** analyses were performed to determine which variables predicted lateral migration with *** outcome scores were recorded using the Modified Harris Hip Score （MHHS）,Hip Outcome Score-Activity of Daily Living （HOS-ADL）,and Visual Analog Scale for *** Two hundred and twenty-three patients （67 males,156 females） fitted the radiographic and follow-up （average 24.6 months） *** average age was 77.2 *** average lateral migration with telescoping was 4.8 ***-one patients （9.4%） had excessive lateral migration with telescoping （≥10 mm）.The quality of calcar reduction （P=0.01） and unstable fracture patterns （P=0.006） were significant predictive factors of lateral migration with *** mean outcome scores （MHHS and HOS-ADL） were 80.1 points and 78.7 points,*** subjects had no significant relationship to lateral migration with telescoping （P 〉0.05）.Of all the patients who developed lateral migration with telescoping,only one required removal of the blade for hip pain and all patients went on to uneventful union at an average time of 4.5 *** Lateral migration with telescoping is a common mechanical complication of intertrochanteric hip fracture treated with the TFN *** was predicted by the quality of calcar reduction and fracture ***,this did not affect stable fixation and fracture healing,so rarely l

关键词： trochanteric fixation nail intertrochanteric hip fracture fracture fixation helical blade complications

Bovine immunoglobulin protein isolates for the nutritional management of enteropathy

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第33期20卷 11713-11726页

作者： Bryon W Petschow Anthony T Blikslager Eric M weaver joy M Campbell javier Polo Audrey L Shaw Bruce P Burnett Gerald L Klein j Marc rhoads Entera Health Inc. NC 27518 United States College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27607 United States APC Inc. Ankeny IA 50021 United States APC Europe S.A. Barcelona E-08403 Spain University of Texas Health Sciences Center Houston TX 77030 United States

The gastrointestinal tract is responsible for a multitude of digestive and immune functions which depend upon the balanced interaction of the intestinal microbiota, diet, gut barrier function, and mucosal immune response. Disruptions in one or more of these factors can lead to intestinal disorders or enteropathies which are characterized by intestinal inflammation, increased gut permeability, and reduced capacity to absorb nutrients. Enteropathy is frequently associated with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) infection, inflammatory bowel disease, autoimmune enteropathy, radiation enteritis, and irritable bowel syndrome(IBS), where pathologic changes in the intestinal tract lead to abdominal discomfort, bloating, abnormal bowel function(e.g., diarrhea, urgency, constipation and malabsorption). Unfortunately, effective therapies for the management ofenteropathy and restoring intestinal health are still not available. An accumulating body of preclinical studies has demonstrated that oral administration of plasmaor serum-derived protein concentrates containing high levels of immunoglobulins can improve weight, normalize gut barrier function, and reduce the severity of enteropathy in animal models. recent studies in humans, using serum-derived bovine immunoglobulin/protein isolate, demonstrate that such protein preparations are safe and improve symptoms, nutritional status, and various biomarkers associated with enteropathy. Benefits have been shown in patients with HIV infection or diarrhea-predominant IBS. This review summarizes preclinical and clinical studies with plasma/serum protein concentrates and describes the effects on host nutrition, intestinal function, and markers of intestinal inflammation. It supports the concept that immunoglobulin-containing protein preparations may offer a new strategy for restoring functional homeostasis in the intestinal tract of patients with enteropathy.

关键词： Immunoglobulins Plasma proteins Inflammation Gut barrier Diarrhea Malabsorption Treatment Nutrition

The Traveling Wave reactor: Design and Development

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Engineering 2016年第1期2卷 88-96页

作者： john Gilleland robert Petroski Kevan weaver Terra Power LLC

The traveling wave reactor （TWr） is a once-through reactor that uses in situ breeding to greatly reduce the need for enrichment and reprocessing. Breeding converts incoming subcritical reload fuel into new critical fuel, allowing a breed-burn wave to propagate. The concept works on the basis that breed-burn waves and the fuel move relative to one another. Thus either the fuel or the waves may move relative to the stationary observer. The most practical embodiments of the TWr involve moving the fuel while keeping the nuclear reactions in one place-sometimes referred to as the standing wave reactor （SWr）. TWrs can operate with uranium reload fuels including totally depleted uranium, natural uranium, and low-enriched fuel （e.g., 5.5% 23sU and below）, which ordinarily would not be critical in a fast spectrum. Spent light water reactor （LWr） fuel may also serve as TWr reload fuel. In each of these cases, very efficient fuel usage and significant reduction of waste volumes are achieved without the need for re- processing. The ultimate advantages of the TWr are realized when the reload fuel is depleted uranium, where after the startup period, no enrichment facilities are needed to sustain the first reactor and a chain of successor reactors. TerraPower＇s conceptual and engineering design and associated technolo- gy development activities have been underway since late 2006, with over 50 institutions working in a highly coordinated effort to place the first unit in operation by 2026. This paper summarizes the TWr technology： its development program, its progress, and an analysis of its social and economic benefits.

关键词： Nuclear energyElectricity generationAdvanced reactorTraveling wave reactorSustainability

Validation of basaltic glass adsorption capabilities from geothermal arsenic in a basaltic aquifer: A case study from Bjarnarflag power Station,Iceland

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第5期10卷 1743-1753页

作者： K.C. weaver M.A. Hoque S.M. Amin S.H. Markússon A.P. Butler Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Imperial College LondonLondonSW7 2BUUnited Kingdom School of Geography Environment and Earth SciencesVictoria University of WellingtonWellingtonNew Zealand School of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of PortsmouthPortsmouth PO1 3QLUnited Kingdom Gas Sustainability Technology Group Research and TechnologyProject Delivery and TechnologyPetronasMalaysia Landsvir.j.n Háaleitisbraut 68103 ReykjavíkIceland

Arsenic is a carcinogen known for its acute toxicity to *** waters are commonly high in arsenic,as shown at the Bjarnarflag Power Plant,Iceland (w224 mg/kg of solvent).Development of geothermal energy requires adequate disposal of arsenic-rich waters into groundwater/geothermal *** outcome of arsenic transport models that assess the effect of geothermal effluent on the environment and ecosystems may be influenced by the sensitivity of hydraulic ***,previous such studies in Iceland do not consider the sensitivity of hydraulic parameters and thereby the interpretations remain *** we used the Lake Myvatn basaltic aquifer system as a case study to identify the sensitive hydraulic parameters and assess their role in arsenic *** develop a one-dimensional reactive transport model (PHrEEQC ver.2.),using geochemical data from Bjarnarflag,*** our model,arsenite (H3AsO3) was predicted to be the dominant species of inorganic arsenic in both groundwater and geothermal *** reduced arsenic concentration beloww5 mg/*** reduced the residual contamination below w0.4 mg/kg at 250 m along *** on our modelling,we found volumetric input to be the most sensitive parameter in the *** addition,the adsorption strength of basaltic glass was such that the physical hydrogeological parameters,namely: groundwater velocity and longitudinal dispersivity had little influence on the concentration profile.

关键词： Geothermal Groundwater Hydrogeochemistry Arsenic Modelling