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Abiotic and Biotic Factors Controlling Grain Aroma along Value Chain of Fragrant Rice:A Review

Rice science 2024年第2期31卷 142-158页

作者： Ayut KONGPUN Tonapha PUSADEE Pennapa JAKSOMSAK Kawiporn CHINACHANTA Patcharin TUIWONG Phukjira CHAN-IN Sawika KONSAENG wasu pathom-aree Suchila UTASEE Benjamaporn WANGKAEW Chanakan PROM-U-THAI Faculty of Agricultural Technology Kalasin UniversityKalasin 46000Thailand Department of Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty of AgricultureChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Program in Agricultural Chemistry Faculty of Agricultural ProductionMaejo UniversityChiang Mai 50290Thailand Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Lanna Rice Research Center Chiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand

The aroma of fragrant rice is one of the grain quality attributes that significantly influenceconsumer preferences and prices in world markets. The volatile compound 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) isrecognized as a key component of the aroma in fragrant rice. The variation in grain 2AP content amongvarious fragrant rice varieties is associated with the expression of the badh2 gene, with 19 alleles havingbeen identified so far. The grain 2AP content is strongly influenced by environmental and managementfactors during cultivation as well as post-harvest conditions. This review pinpointed the major abiotic andbiotic factors that control grain 2AP content. Abiotic factors refer to water, temperature, light quality,fertilizer application (both macro- and micro-nutrients), and soil properties, including salinity, while bioticfactors include microorganisms that produce aromatic compounds, thus influencing the grain aroma infragrant rice. Post-harvest management, including storage and drying conditions, can significantly impactthe grain 2AP content, and proper post-harvest conditions can intensify the grain aroma. This reviewsuggests that there are rice varieties that can serve as potential sources of genetic material for breedingrice varieties with high grain aroma content. It offers an overview of recent research on the major factorsaffecting the aroma content in fragrant rice. This knowledge will facilitate further research on theproduction of high-quality rice to meet the demands of farmers and consumers.

关键词： aromatic rice 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline abiotic stress biotic stress post-harvest management

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泰国北部地区与蜜蜂相关的放线菌的多样性

泰国北部地区与蜜蜂相关的放线菌的多样性

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第九届亚洲养蜂大会

作者： Yaowanoot Promnuan Takuji Kudo wasu pathom-aree Panuwan Chantawannakul Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Japan Collection of Microorganisms RIKEN BioResource CenterWakoSaitama 351-0198Japan

＜正＞放线菌是产生生物活性物质（尤其是抗生素）的主要微生物群类之一。尽管蜜蜂中常检测出有细菌、酵母菌和霉菌等微生物,但从未报道有放线菌检出。本文旨在研究泰国地区蜂箱中放线菌的多样性。收集泰国北部地区的蜂具及子脾样品,以... 详细信息

＜正＞放线菌是产生生物活性物质（尤其是抗生素）的主要微生物群类之一。尽管蜜蜂中常检测出有细菌、酵母菌和霉菌等微生物,但从未报道有放线菌检出。本文旨在研究泰国地区蜂箱中放线菌的多样性。收集泰国北部地区的蜂具及子脾样品,以添加了抗生素的淀粉-酪蛋白琼脂分离放线菌。总共分离出了9个放线菌分离菌,通过形态学、生理学、化学及分子特征等对每个分离菌进行鉴定。结果发

关键词：放线菌蜜蜂微生物群细菌多样性

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Effects of TiO_(2) Support and Cobalt Addition of Ni/TiO_(2) Catalyst in Selective Hydrogenation of Furfural to Furfuryl Alcohol

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2022年第8期10卷 2055-2072页

作者： Kittithad Wonglekha Weerachon Tolek Okorn Mekasuwandumrong wasu Chaitree Piyasan Praserthdam Kiat Moon Lee Joongjai Panpranot Center of Excellence on Catalysis and Catalytic Reaction Engineering Department of Chemical EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringChulalongkorn UniversityBangkok10330Thailand Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Industrial TechnologySilpakorn UniversityNakorn Pathom73000Thailand Department of Chemical&Petroleum Engineering Faculty of EngineeringTechnology and Built EnvironmentUCSI UniversityKuala Lumpur56000Malaysia Bio-Circular-Green-Economy Technology&Engineering Center Faculty of EngineeringChulalongkorn UniversityBangkok10330Thailand

An effect of phase compositions(rutile,Rut and anatase,Ant)of TiO_(2)supports on the selective hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol was *** 15%wt Ni/TiO_(2)catalysts were prepared by incipient impregnation *** result showed that Ni supported on anatase-rutile mixed phase TiO_(2)(91%Rut and 9%Ant,A2)provided the highest furfuryl alcohol yield at 43.8%due to the relatively strong Ni-TiO_(2)interaction,its appropriate crystallite sizes,and high average pore ***,the effect of cobalt as a promoter on Ni/TiO_(2)-A2 catalysts was *** result showed that the Ni-Co/TiO_(2)-A2 catalysts exhibited poorer catalyst performances compared to the monometallic Ni/TiO_(2),probably because addition of cobalt can lower the reduction temperatures of Ni/TiO_(2)and weaken the metal-support interaction.

关键词： Ni catalyst furfural hydrogenation TiO_(2) furfuryl alcohol cobalt

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Mutated Clones of Caladium Humboldtii ＇Phraya Savet＇ from in vitro Culture and Occurrence of Variants from Somatic Hybridization between Two Caladium Species

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Journal of Life Sciences 2011年第5期5卷 352-359页

作者： Chockpisit Thepsithar aree Thongpukdee Rungniran Sugaram Usanisa Somkanae Department of Biology Faculty of Science Silpakorn University Muang Nakhon Pathom 73000 Thailand

Variations in Caladium humboldtii cv. ＇Phraya Savet＇ from in vitro culture were observed. Callus and small shoots were induced from unexpanded leaf segments cultured on modified MS medium supplemented with 2.69 p.M l-Naphthalene acetic acid （NAA） and 17.76 μM N6-Benzyladenine （BA）. Shoots were transferred onto modified MS medium supplemented with 8.88 μM BA for shoot multiplication. Subsequently, roots were induced on MS without growth regulator. The regenerated plantlets were vigorously grown in glasshouse conditions. From 4 morphological groups （leaf color ratio, leaf color, petiole and leaf pattern）, the regenerated ＇Phraya Savet＇ caladium plants were divided into 6 types. The occurrence of variants was 52%. Most of the mutated plants were observed from only leaf color ratio （green ： white） and leaf shape. The most significance for commercial value from mutated clones was round leaf obtaining 20%. Characteristics of new clones from somatic hybridization between C humboldtii cv. ＇Phraya Savet＇ and C. bicolor cv. ＇Suvarnabhum＇ using thin cell layer technique from in vitro calli were investigated. Each thin cell layer of induced callus, about 0.5 - 1 mm thick, from both caladiums was alternately laid on the top of each other for 8 layers. Subsequently, the combination of thin cell layers was cultured and the regenerated plantlets were grown in glasshouse conditions. From 3 morphological groups （leaf pattern, leaf color and petiole）, the regenerated caladium plants were found dissimilarly to both original caladiums at 85 percent with 8 types of different characters. Somatic hybridization between C. humboldtii cv. ＇Phraya Savet＇ and C. bicolor cv. ＇Suvarnabhum＇ gave rise to a number of most hybrids with all conserving C. bicolor characters.

关键词： Caladium humboldtii Caladium bicolor mutated clones somatic hybridization in vitro culture.

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