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Mechanics and physics under supergravity conditions

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2024年第6期40卷 1-2页

作者： Chaofeng lü Chao Sun Shengqiang Cai Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China New Cornerstone Science laboratory Center for Combustion EnergyDepartment of Energy and Power EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Mechanical.a.d Aerospace Engineering University of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa Jolla CA 92093USA

"Supergravity"refers to the conditions where the effective gravity is greater than that of *** conditions are generally relevant to stel.a. evolution,geophysical movement,astrophysical flows,and *** also frequently occur in various engineering scenarios involving acceleration,such as the launch of space shuttles,operation of rotor engines,impacts and explosions,chemical separation processes,and overl.a.ed testing *** is already demonstrated in physiological experiments that living organisms of animals or plants could be damaged,either temporarily or permanently,when subjected to *** create supergravity conditions for scientific research on the Earth,centrifugal equipment or rapidly rotating devices are omnipresent in various fields,such as aerospace engineering,geophysical science,chemical.a.d biomedical engineering,nucl.a. engineering,rotating flows,and physical modeling tests.

关键词： geophysical Earth stel.a.

Water quality, habitat, and fish assemblage relationships in middle-order agriculture and forest streams of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain

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Ecological Processes 2024年第01期13卷 217-236页

作者： Matthew l.Skoog Michael.a.Eggleton Yushun Chen Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff Minnesota Department of Natural Resources State Key laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Background Agriculture has greatly influenced water quality, habitats, and fish assemblages in streams of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain(MAP) ecoregion. However, MAP streams have historically been understudied compared to streams in other agricultural regions of the USA. In this study, water quality, habitat, and fish assemblage composition were assessed seasonally(spring, summer, and fall) in eight representative MAP streams located across three U.S. states. The study design included four streams containing highly agricultural watersheds(herein termed “agriculture” streams) and four streams containing mostly forested watersheds(herein termed “forest” streams), which were intended to represent reference conditions for MAP *** In general, forest streams contained significantly better instream and riparian habitats than agriculture streams(P = 0.010–0.040) whereas agriculture streams contained significantly greater levels of primary nutrients(P lture and forest streams with respect to other physical.a.d chemical variables were intermittent and season dependent. Fish assemblages in agriculture and forest streams were structured primarily along an environmental gradient reflecting instream habitat conditions, water nutrient concentrations, and benthic chlorophyll.a.production. Structurally, fish assemblages in both stream types contained many regionally common species, though some species appeared to exhibit affinities for a particular stream type. Functionally, fish assemblages in agriculture streams contained more tolerant species, more omnivores, and fewer insectivores compared to forest stream assemblages, which were nearly all insectivores. Overall, one-third of the fish specimens collected in forest streams classified as intolerant *** Our results suggested that stream water quality, habitat, and fish assemblages differed between agriculture and forest streams in the MAP, with fish assemblages e

关键词： Agriculture Stream land use Water quality Habitat Fish Multivariate statistics Mississippi Alluvial Plain

Determination of the standardized il.a. digestible calcium requirement of Ross broilers from hatch to day 14 post-hatch

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 122-129页

作者： Carrie l.Walk Raffael.a.Aureli Pauline Jenn DSM Nutritional Products Delves RoadHeanorDerbyshireDE757SGUnited Kingdom Research Center for Animal Nutrition and Health DSM Nutritional ProductsVillage-Neuf68128France

An experiment was conducted to determine the standardized il.a. digestible(SID)calcium requirement of fast-growing broilers from hatch to d 14 *** 308(n=360)male broilers were obtained on day of hatch and allocated to 1 of 5 treatments in battery *** were 6 birds per cage and 12 pens per *** treatments were formulated to contain 0.60%,0.46%,0.32%or 0.18%SID *** final treatment was formulated using total Ca to meet or exceed all nutrient requirements,including 0.90%total Ca and 0.49%non-phytate P(nPP),using the same *** treatment was the reference diet for comparison and validation of the SID Ca *** and feed were weighed at placement and on d *** and il.a. contents were obtained on d 14 and excreta was collected per pen and pooled on d *** were analyzed using JMP Pro and requirements were estimated using 3different non-linear regression *** the SID Ca content in the diet from 0.18%to 0.60%improved(quadratic,Plity corrected feed conversion ratio(mFCR).The estimated SID Ca requirement to optimize gain or m FCR was between 0.39%and 0.52%.Tibia ash percent and weight increased(quadratic,Plization was improved in birds fed diets formulated using SID Ca compared with birds fed the reference *** conclusion,the SID Ca requirement of fast-growing broilers from hatch to d 14 was estimated between 0.534%and 0.398%when quadratic,straight-broken line,or quadratic-broken line regressions were *** results agree with previously published data eval.a.ing the SID Ca requirement of fast-growth broilers from hatch to d 10.

关键词： Apparent il.a. digestibility Digestible calcium Requirements Retention Tibia ash

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Science and reflections: With some thoughts to young applied scientists and engineers

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Earthquake Science 2024年第5期37卷 459-493页

作者： Robert l Nowack Department of Earth Atmospheric and Planetary SciencesPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN47906USA

I provide some science and reflections from my experiences working in geophysics,along with connections to computational.a.d data sciences,including recent developments in machine l.a.ning.I highlight several individuals and groups who have influenced me,both through direct col.a.orations as well.a. from ideas and insights that I have l.a.ned *** my reflections are rooted in geophysics,they should also be relevant to other computational scientific and engineering fields.I also provide some thoughts for young,applied scientists and engineers.

关键词： geophysics computational.a.d data science applied science and engineering

Experimental cl.a.ance rate and intraguild predation of jellyfish Cyanea nozakii

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Journal of Oceanology and limnology 2024年第1期42卷 128-140页

作者： Pengpeng WANG Fang ZHANG Song SUN Shuguo lÜ CAS Key laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266237China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Jiaozhou Bay Marine Ecosystem Research Station Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Center for Ocean Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Institute of Marine Ecology and Environment Hainan Academy of Environmental SciencesHaikou 570100China

Cyanea nozakii,a common jellyfish distributed in offshore China,has a complex trophic relationship with other zooplankton ***,few studies have reported the predation rates and prey selection patterns of *** medusae on different prey *** is also lacking on the intraguild predation of Aurel.a.coerul.a.another common bloom jellyfish in offshore China)by *** address the knowledge gaps,the cl.a.ance rates of *** for different prey items,including copepods(smalllarge>1000μm),fish larvae,and gelatinous prey(hydromedusae,*** ephyrae,and chaetognaths),were *** influence of predator size on the cl.a.ance rate was also ***,we examined the intraguild predation of *** on *** *** cl.a.ance rates of *** varied widely with prey organisms,being independent of prey *** organisms,except for chaetognaths,were captured with considerably high efficiency,followed by fish larvae and copepods,indicating the preferential prey selection of gelatinous organisms by *** cl.a.ance rate increased linearly with the cross-sectional.a.ea of *** size in medusae may,to some extents,underpin their capacity to capture more prey by increasing the encounter rate and capture success through *** preyed voraciously on *** in high feeding efficiency,but the cl.a.ance rate decreased with increasing ***(as prey)*** phenomenon of intraguild predation suggests a speculative hypothesis of potential population regulation of *** by *** information regarding the feeding ecology of *** reported in this study is important for understanding plankton dynamics in marine ecosystems with extensive occurrences of this jellyfish.

关键词： Scyphomedusae predation rate gelatinous organisms prey selection feeding mechanism

Nonlinear-Optical.a.alogies in Nucl.a.-like Soliton Reactions:Selection Rules,Nonlinear Tunneling and Sub-Barrier Fusion–Fission

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Chinese Physics letters 2024年第8期41卷 1-7页

作者： T.l.Bel.a.va V.N.Serkin Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Mexico Av.Instituto Literario 100C.P.50000TolucaMexico Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla Av.4 Sur 104C.P.72001PueblaMexico

The main goal of our study is to reveal unexpected but intriguing analogies arising between optical solitons and nucl.a. physics,which still remain hidden from *** consider the main cornerstones of the concept of nonlinear optics of nucl.a. reactions and the well-dressed repulsive-core *** the base of this model,we reveal the most intriguing properties of the nonlinear tunneling of nucleus-like solitons and the soliton selfinduced sub-barrier transparency *** describe novel interesting and stimulating analogies between the interaction of nucleus-like solitons on the repulsive barrier and nucl.a. sub-barrier *** main finding of this study concerns the conservation of total number of nucleons(or the baryon number)in nucl.a.-like soliton *** show that inelastic interactions among well-dressed repulsive-core solitons arise only when a“cloud”of“dressing”spectral side-bands appears in the frequency spectra of the *** property of nucleus-like solitons is directly related to the nucl.a. density distribution described by the dimensionless small shape-squareness *** the Fourier spectra of nucleus-like solitons are similar to the nucl.a. form *** show that the nucl.a.-like reactions between well-dressed solitons are realized by“exchange”between“particle-like”side bands in their spectra.

关键词： solitons soliton Nonlinear

Unravelling-based (auto)control of back-action in atomic Bose–Einstein condensate

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Frontiers of physics 2024年第4期19卷 287-295页

作者： V.A.Tomilin l.V.Il’ichov Institute of Automation and Electrometry SB RAS 630090 NovosibirskRussia

We present a novel feedback control method for quantum *** does not affect the controlled system ***,it controls the unravelling of the quantum channel of interaction between the system and its *** interaction can be represented as a history of *** their informational content is changed,their back-action on the system is also *** action is trigged by the events,thus granting the system the degree of control over its own *** efficiency of the proposed scheme is demonstrated on the example of two-mode atomic Bose-Einstein condensate,with one of its modes subject to phase-contrast imaging in a Mach–Zehnder *** histories of photocounts in the output channels of the interferometer are used for *** capabilities of state engineering are studied for different settings of the feedback loop and different numbers of events in the recorded histories.

关键词： quantum feedback control quantum measurements twomode Bose-Einstein condensates

Effect of cold-working on corrosion induced damage in lug joints

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第6期36卷 175-182页

作者： Ramanath M.N Chikmath l. Murthy H. Department of Aerospace Engineering Indian Institute of Technology-MadrasChennai 600036India Department of Aeronautical Engineering KLS Gogte Institute of TechnologyBelagavi 590008India

lug joints are preferred joineries for transferring heavy l.a.s to parent components in aerospace *** experience corrosion due to environmental conditions,improper surface finishes and rubbing displacement between the pin and *** causes damage of different sizes and shapes near the *** degradation due to corrosion-induced damage is modelled as a through-pit at one of the identified critical locations through stress *** effect of this pit on fatigue crack initiation life is ***-hole is pre-stressed by cold-working and the benefits of inducing plastic wake on the intended performance of the lug joint during the damages due to corrosion are brought out and compared with non-cold-worked *** analysis is performed on this lug joint with *** results obtained highlight the benefits of cold-working and the methodology can be extended to damage growth and analyse the effect of surface treatments for better structural integrity of components of aerospace vehicles.

关键词： lug joint Corrosion Crack initiation Cold-working Structural integrity

Patients’dissatisfaction with multifocal intraocular lenses managed by exchange with other multifocal lenses of diferent optical profles

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Eye and Vision 2024年第1期10卷 31-40页

作者： Olena Al‑Shymali Colm McAlinden Jorge l.a.io del Barrio Mario Canto‑Cerdan Jorge l.a.io Research&Development Department VISSUM Innovation and Department of Cornea Cataract and Refractive SurgeryVISSUM CorporationAlicanteSpain Department of Ophthalmology Singleton HospitalSwansea Bay University Health BoardSwanseaUK Division of Ophthalmology School of MedicineVISSUM AlicanteUniversidad Miguel HernándezCalle Cabañal 103016 AlicanteSpain Cornea Cataract and Refractive Surgery DepartmentVISSUM CorporationAlicanteSpain

Background:The aim of the study was to eval.a.e the outcomes of dissatisfed patients reporting poor visual quality following implantation of multifocal intraocular lenses(MF-IOls),managed by IOl exchange with another multifocal optical ***:This is a retrospective series of ***-IOl exchange was done in 15 dissatisfed patients(30 eyes)with the perception of poor visual quality for far distance afected by neuroadaptation *** underwent a bilateral exchange of a MF-IOl with another MF-IOl of a diferent optical *** outcomes and complications were *** including Quality of Vision(QoV),Visual Function Index-14(VF-14)and its Rasch-revised version(VF-8R)and a satisfaction questionnaire were also used for outcome ***:The mean elapsed time from implantation to explantation-reimplantation was 11.8 *** QoV scores improved signifcantly across all the three *** function improved with a change in VF-14 score from 60.41±24.81 to 90.16±10.91(Pl.a.uity improved from 0.24 to 0.12 logMAR after exchange(Pl.a.uity improved from 0.15 to 0.04 logMAR(Pllowing MF-IOl exchange,80%of the patients reported they would have the MF-IOl reimplantation procedure ***:Patient dissatisfaction with neuroadaptation failure following MF-IOl implantation can be managed in 80%of our cases by MF-IOl exchange with a diferent MF-IOl optical profle.

关键词： Multifocal intraocular lenses IOl exchange Visual acuity Neuroadaptation failure