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Combined effect of WS_(2) and Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) MXene favors oil-based ultra-low friction on rough steel-steel interface at elevated temperatures

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 1991-2002页

作者： LIU YangQin CHEN lei WANG Yang QIAN LinMao Tribology Research Institute State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle SystemSchool of Mechanical EngineeringSouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials(Ministry of Education) Research Institute of Frontier ScienceSouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China

The lubrication performance of liquids is severely restricted and is degraded in high-temperature environments. Stable and reliable lubrication in high temperature environments has been a long-standing goal in various industrial fields. In this study,WS_(2)and Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene nanoflakes were used as oil-based lubricant additives to generate ultra-low friction and even superlubricity(friction coefficient of ~0.007) at elevated temperatures(400℃), which has hitherto not been achieved by both individual pristine materials, WS_(2)and Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene. Viscosity and thermogravimetric characterization revealed improvements in the high-temperature rheological properties and thermal stability of the lubricating base oil, indicating improved loadbearing and continuous lubrication capabilities at elevated temperatures. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy demonstrated that the formation of an iron/titanium/tungsten-rich oxide lubricious thin film at the sliding interface reduced the interfacial shear stress, which was responsible for the observed friction and wear reductions at high contact pressures(> 1.1 GPa). Although the titanium/tungsten oxide film was gradually removed after prolonged sliding, a sufficiently thick iron oxide film maintained a low friction coefficient for at least 2 h. The improved surface quality facilitates the achievement of ultra-low friction and reduced wear. The proposed lubrication methodology has a broad utilization potential as a wear-reduction strategy across various industrial fields at elevated temperatures.

关键词： ultra-low friction high-temperature wear reduction lubricating additive tungsten disulfide MXene

Tracking lithiation with transmission electron microscopy

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第1期67卷 291-311页

作者： Xincheng lei Jianxiong Zhao Jiayi Wang Dong Su Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics&International Academy of Optoelectronics at Zhaoqing South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

Li-ion batteries(LIBs)have dominated energy-storage techniques for portable electronic devices and electric cars,and are expanding their territory into the large-scale energy *** energy storage of LIBs is realized by the reversible shuttle of lithium ions between *** is essential to track the lithium diffusion and obtain a profound insight into the lithiation mechanism during the work cycle of *** electron microscopy(TEM)is a powerful tool for the structural characterization,which can provide the information about the lithiation at the atomic *** this review,we summarize the research frontiers of TEM applications on *** introduce the techniques for the direct observation of Li species in LIB-related ***,the application of cryo-TEM is ***,in-situ TEM technique is further discussed since it shows great advantages in studying the dynamical structure changes of *** perspectives and strategies in this review offer feasible guidance for researchers to further improve the performance of LIBs.

关键词： lithium-ion battery electrode materials transmission electron microscopy cryo-TEM in-situ TEM

Grading of products utilizing bamboo as a substitute for plastic based on environmental effects

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第9期67卷 2989-2998页

作者： Meng ZHANG Guomo ZHOU lei GU Wenshuo WANG College of Forestry Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300China

To achieve sustainable development goals,mitigate plastic pollution,and promote eco-friendly products,it is crucial to identify key products in the bamboo as a substitute for plastic(BSP)industry and assess their environmental *** study proposed a novel evaluation method for the environmental effect of bamboo as a substitute for plastic(EBSP).It focused on the contributions of BSP products in reducing plastic pollution and greenhouse gas *** established a set of EBSP evaluation indicators and developed a grading model,evaluating 30 typical BSP products across six *** results showed that the EBSP evaluation model,based on the emission reduction rate of substitution(ERRS),substitution rate of material(SRM),and product renewal ratio(PRR),can accurately quantify the environmental benefits of BSP *** model has successfully facilitated precise quantification of the EBSP and established a rational and effective grading system for BSP *** results also demonstrated that the average EBSP ranking across the six categories of BSP products,in descending order,is:disposable bamboo products,bamboo household goods,bamboo packaging products,bamboo engineering materials,bamboo furniture products,and bamboo craft ***,disposable bamboo products scored an EBSP 1.96 times the overall average,indicating significant environmental *** PRR emerged as a critical factor influencing *** BSP products with the same lifespan,those with higher substitution emission reduction efficiency offered more pronounced environmental ***,the BSP industry should strategically prioritize disposable bamboo products,such as bamboo toothbrushes,cutlery,and lunch *** products should be the primary focus of policy support and central to efforts in product development,design innovation,and market promotion.

关键词： Bamboo as a substitute for plastic Bamboo products Substitution emission reduction Environmental benefits Gradingevaluation

Accurate atomic scanning transmission electron microscopy analysis enabled by deep learning

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2971-2980页

作者： Tianshu Chu lei Zhou Bowei Zhang Fu-Zhen Xuan Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Detection Technology East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China School of Mechanical and Power Engineering East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China Key Laboratory of Pressure Systems and Safety of Ministry of Education East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China

Currently,the machine learning(ML)-based scanning transmission electron microscopy(STEM)analysis is limited in the simulative stage,its application in experimental STEM is needed but ***,we built up a universal model to analyze the vacancy defects and single atoms accurately and rapidly in experimental STEM images using a full convolution *** our model,the unavoidable interference factors of noise,aberration,and carbon contamination were fully considered during the training,which were difficult to be considered in the *** toward the simultaneous identification of various vacancy types and low-contrast single atoms in the low-quality STEM images,our model showed rapid process speed(45 images per second)and high accuracy(>95%).This work represents an improvement in experimental STEM image analysis by ML.

关键词： deep learning low-dimensional materials atomic defects single atoms

Revolution in thermoelectric cooling using PbSe thermoelectrics by grid plainification

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Science China Materials 2024年第5期67卷 1672-1673页

作者： Xiao-lei Shi Qingfeng Liu Zhi-Gang Chen School of Chemistry and Physics ARC Research Hub in Zero-emission Power Generation for Carbon Neutralityand Centre for Materials ScienceQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueensland4000Australia State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjing211816China

Thermoelectric materials and devices enable direct conversion between heat and electricity,holding potential applications in thermoelectric power generation,localized cooling,and electronic thermal management[1].Howev... 详细信息

关键词： enable thermoelectric constrained

Study on the interactive deformation of bone needles and circum-pelvic soft tissue

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High Technology Letters 2024年第3期30卷 297-303页

作者： ZHANG Famin lei Jingtao School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444P.R.China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing and Robotics Shanghai 200444 P.R.China

During the robot-assisted pelvic fracture reduction,the needle-tissue interactive deformation characteristic is not clear,which affects the accuracy of robotic *** this paper,a layered rig-id-flexible coupling model is proposed,and the needle-tissue interactive deformation under the load-ing is analyzed by the Rayleigh-Ritz method,in accordance with the principle of minimum potential *** pelvic musculoskeletal tissue is reversely reconstructed,and the structure of the bone is segmented into cancellous bone and cortical *** Mooney-Rivlin five-parameter hyperelastic model is used to simulate muscle,and the Ogden hyperelastic model is used to simulate adipose *** element simulation is performed by loading different magnitudes of *** accuracy of the rigid-flexible coupling model is 0.432 mm,which indicates the correctness of the needle-tis-sue interactive deformation theory analysis.

关键词： pelvic fracture reduction rigid-flexible coupling needle-tissue interactive de-formation

Data-driven rational design of single-atom materials for hydrogen evolution and sensing

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 3352-3358页

作者： lei Zhou Pengfei Tian Bowei Zhang Fu-Zhen Xuan Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Detection Technology East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China School of Mechanical and Power Engineering East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China Key Laboratory of Pressure Systems and Safety of Ministry of Education East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China

Herein we proposed a data-driven high-throughput principle to screen high-performance single-atom materials for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and hydrogen sensing by combing the theoretical computations and a topology-based multi-scale convolution kernel machine learning *** the rational training by 25 groups of data and prediction of all 168 groups of single-atom materials for HER and sensing,respectively,a high prediction accuracy(>0.931 R^(2) score)was achieved by our *** show that the promising HER catalysts include Pt atoms in C_(4) and Sc atoms in C_(1)N_(3) coordination ***,Y atoms in C_(4) coordination environment and Cd atoms in C_(2)N_(2)-ortho coordination environment were predicted with great potential as hydrogen sensing *** method provides a way to accelerate the discovery of innovative materials by avoiding the time-consuming empirical principles in experiments.

关键词： machine learning single-atom materials sensing hydrogen evolution

Modular synthesis of β-amino acids from alkenes,amines,and CO_(2) via photoredox/copper dual catalysis

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第6期67卷 1756-1757页

作者： lei Song Jie Wu Department of Chemistry National University of SingaporeSingapore117543Singapore National University of Singapore(Chongqing)Research Institute Chongqing401120China

The conversion of industrial waste into value-added chemicals represents a compelling approach to bolster sustainability *** the primary components of greenhouse gases,carbon dioxide(CO_(2))stands as an ideal C_(1) so... 详细信息

关键词： catalysis synthesis amines

Avian lower beak is always overlooked:its coordinate role in shaping species-specific beak should not be underestimated

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第2期19卷 339-342页

作者： Yalin CHENG Fumin lei College of Life Science/Hebei Basic Science Center for Biotic Interactions Institute of Life Science and Green DevelopmentHebei UniversityBaodingChina Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina

The beak is a key evolutionary innovation in the avian tree of *** diversity in morphology shows birds’successful colonization of various ecological niches on the Earth(Pigot et al.2020),and its morphological plasticity can also enable birds to rapidly respond to changes in environments(Grant&Grant 2006).These natures helped birds survive multiple extinction events(Larson et al.2016).Therefore,investigating the morphological evolution of avian beaks and the underlying developmental and molecular mechanisms will help to decipher the evolution of birds and boost the development of the theory of evolutionary biology.

关键词： coordinate extinction enable