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Analysis of interdecadal variation of tropical Pacific thermocline based on assimilated data

Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2004年第1期23卷 61-71页

作者： GUDejun wangdongxiao LIChunhui WULixin InstituteofTropicalandMarineMeteorology ChinaMeterologicalAdministrationGuangzhou510080China LED SouthChinaSeaInstituteofOceanologyChineseAcademyofSciencesGuangzhou510301China DepartmentofAtmosphericandOceanicSciences UniversityofWisconsin-MadisonWisconsin53706USA

The interdecadal variation of Pacific thermocline represented by depth anomalies of 25σθ isopycnal surface calculated from SODA data set is analyzed. The climatological depth of 25σθ isopycnal surface is quite close to the depth of 20 ℃ isotherm in the tropical Pacific. The EOF1 mode of the 25σθ isopycnal surface accounts for 26. 4% of the total variance and its associated pattern is of east-west direction. The centers of positive and negative extremes are located near 10oS over the southern Pacific and the correlation coefficient with zero-lag between the corresponding EOF1 time coefficient and PDO index is -0.67. This shows that there is very close relation between the southern tropical Pacific and PDO. The wavelet analysis of detrended EOF1 time coefficient reveals that there are two dominant time scales of about 3～7 and 30 a respectively. An apparent abruptness of mean value occurred in the late 1970s. EOF2 mode accounts for 12.4% of the total variance and its pattern is an ENSO-related one. The correlation coefficient between the EOF2 time coefficient and NINO3 index is -0.68. The wavelet analysis of EOF2 time coefficient reveals that there are two leading time scales of about 2～7 and 10～15 a respectively. On an interdecadal scale, the zonal change is consistent along the equator and is seesaw along 10oS; there is consistent polarity in the tropics along 165oE, but reverse polarity between around equator and other tropical region along 120oW. In all the four profiles mentioned above, the regime shift occurred in the late 1970s. The evolving characteristics of anomalies can be explained mostly by the anomalies of ocean currents during a complete cycle on an interdecadal scale.

关键词： interdecadal variation thermocline isopycnal surface currents

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Simulation of meridional overturning in the upper layer of the South China Sea with an idealized bottom topography

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2004年第7期49卷 740-747页

作者： wangdongxiao LIUXionqbinJ WANGWenzhi DUYan ZHOUWeidong LED SouthChinaSeaInstituteofOceanologyChineseAcademyofSciencesGuangzhou510301

The large-scale upper circulations and merid-ional overturning in the upper layer of the South China Sea (SCS) with idealized bottom topography in winter and sum-mer are investigated. Simulations with the GFDL general circulation model are carried out under the conditions of open or enclosed boundary regarding transport in the Luzon Strait. The intrusion area of Kuroshio, its impact on the me-ridional overturning in the upper layer of the SCS and sea-sonal characteristic of this impact are explored, respectively. The model is forced by climatological wind stress and relaxed to monthly mean climatological temperature and salinity. The resultant meridional overturning is non-enclosed, with transporting from north to south in the surface and return-ing to north at the depth of about 500 m in winter, about 200 m in summer, with amplitudes of 105 m3/s. It shows the transporting path of intermediate water of the SCS and of-fers an idealized reference for further study on dynamics of wind-driven and thermohaline circulation of the SCS.

关键词：中国南海风驱动循环理想海底地形学 SCS 气候温度内部循环经向倾覆

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Intercomparison of three South China Sea circulation models

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2004年第1期23卷 41-50页

作者： DUYan wangdongxiao ZHOUWeidong WANGWeiqiang L1UXiongbin KeyLaboratoryofTropicalMarineEnvironmentalDynamics SouthChinaSeaInstituteofOceanologyChineseAcademyofSciencesGuangzhou510301China

Three numerical oceanic circulation models: POM(Princeton ocean model), MICOM(Miami isopycnal coordinates ocean model) and GFDL model, which adopt sigma coordinate, isopycnal coordinate and depth coordinate respectively, are used in the South China Sea(SCS) circulation modeling. Model domain has the same topography, grid resolution, initial conditions and surface boundary conditions. The maximum ocean depth is set as 1 000 m. Grid resolution is 0.5o×*** conditions are supplied by climatological temperature and salinity data in January. Climatological wind stress, surface temperature and salinity are used as surface forcing. Lateral boundaries take enclosed boundary conditions artificially. Focusing on the common point of different ocean circulation models, the circulation pattern in winter and summer, sea surface height in the northern SCS, seasonal cycle of the mixed layer thickness in the southern SCS, barotropic stream function in winter are selected to carry out intercomparison. In winter, a strong cyclonic gyre occupies the whole SCS. In summer, a strong anticyclonic gyre occupies the southern SCS and a weak cyclonic gyre occupies the northern SCS. The thickness of the mixed layer shows bimodal features in the southern SCS. Sea surface height anomaly(SSHA) in the northern SCS has an eastward propagating feature, in agreement with the remote sensing observation. Barotropic stream functions indicate that the circulation of the upper ocean is mainly forced by inputting of wind stress curl under closed boundary conditions. In addition, three models also show distinct differences. The basin-scale circulation from MICOM is distinct. Output of POM has more mesoscale eddies than others. GFDL model seems good at simulating westward intensification.

关键词： models intercomparison South China Sea ocean circulation model

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An Alternative Index for the Onset of the Summer Monsoon over the South China Sea

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2004年第1期3卷 17-22页

作者： SUNJilin wangdongxiao Ocean-AtmosphereInteractionandClimateLaboratory OceanUniversityofChinaQingdao266003P.R.China SouthChinaSeaInstituteofOceanology theChineseAcademyofSciencesGuangzhou510301P.R.China

An alternative index for the onset of summer monsoon over the South China Sea (SCS) has been designed based on the reanalysis data of the National Centers for Environmental Prediction National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR). It is found that the difference between the geopotential thickness over Guangzhou and Manila can be used as an alternative index for the onset of summer monsoon over the SCS. Since the convective heating alters the geopotential height and the distance between Guangzhou and Manila is of synoptic scale in the geostraphic framework, the index can represent the strength of heating and the first baroclinic cell over the SCS. By comparison between different indices, it is found that the summer monsoon onset over the SCS can be ascertained by the vertical zonal wind shear between 200 hPa and 850 hPa, the zonal wind at 850 hPa, the OLR anomaly, and the alternative index defined in the present paper. The meridional wind shear between 200 hPa and 850 hPa always appears over the SCS much earlier than the zonal wind shear and cannot be used as an index under consideration.

关键词： alternative index summer monsoon onset South China Sea

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Circulation Patterns of Summer Monsoon Corresponding to Two Kinds of Indices over the South China Sea

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Journal of Ocean University of Qingdao 2002年第2期1卷 125-129页

作者： SUNJilin wangdongxiao CollegeofPhysicalandEnvironmentalOceanography OceanUniversityofQingdaoQingdao266003P.R.China SouthChinaSeaInstituteofOceanology theChineseAcademyofSeieneesGuangzhou510301P.R.China

The characteristics of circulation corresponding to two kinds of indices of summer monsoon onset over the South China Sea (SCS) have been discussed using the reanalysis data of the National Centers for Environmental Prediction-National Center for Atmospheric Research. It is found that there are two patterns of deep convection that occur at different locations and influence the summer monsoon onset over the SCS. One is over the Asia continent and the western Pacific corresponding to the southwesterly of summer monsoon prevailing over the northern and central part of the SCS, while the other is near the Philippines that affects the westerly summer monsoon as prevailing over the central and southern part of the SCS. Since these two kinds of convection affecting the summer monsoon onset do not always occur together, thus the summer monsoon onset time is different when determined by various indices.

关键词： summer monsoon circulation pattern indices for monsoon onset South China Sea

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On the relationship between convection intensity of South China Sea summer monsoon and air-sea temperature difference in the tropical oceans

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2004年第2期23卷 267-278页

作者： LINAilan LIANGJianyin GUDejun wangdongxiao GuangzhouInstituteofTropicalandMarineMeteorologyofChinaMeterologicalAdministration Guangzhou510080China KeyLaboratoryofTropicalMarineEnviromentaldynamics SouthChinaSeaInstituteofOceanologyChineseAcademyofSciencesGuangzhou510301China

The annual, interannual and inter-decadal variability of convection intensity of South China Sea (SCS) summer monsoon and air-sea temperature difference in the tropical ocean is analyzed, and their relationship is discussed using two data sets of 48-a SODA (simple ocean data assimilation) and NCEP/NCAR. Analyses show that in wintertime Indian Ocean (WIO), springtime central tropical Pacific (SCTP) and summertime South China Sea-West Pacific (SSCSWP), air-sea temperature difference is significantly associated with the convection intensity of South China Sea summer monsoon. Correlation of the inter-decadal time scale (above 10 a) is higher and more stable. There is inter-decadal variability of correlation in scales less than 10 a and it is related with the air-sea temperature difference itself for corresponding waters. The inter-decadal variability of the convection intensity during the South China Sea summer monsoon is closely related to the inter-decadal variability of the general circulation of the atmosphere. Since the late period of the 1970s, in the lower troposphere, the cross-equatorial flow from the Southern Hemisphere has intensified. At the upper troposphere layer, the South Asian high and cross-equatorial flow from the Northern Hemisphere has intensified at the same time. Then the monsoon cell has also strengthened and resulted in the reinforcing of the convection of South China Sea summer monsoon.

关键词： tropical oceans air-sea temperature difference South China Sea summer monsoon convection, Convec-tion intensity

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