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Einstein Probe discovery of EP240408a: A peculiar X-ray transient with an intermediate timescale

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 222-240页

作者： Wenda Zhang Weimin Yuan Zhixing ling Yong Chen Nanda Rea Arne Rau Zhiming Cai huaqing Cheng Francesco Coti Zelati lixin Dai Jingwei Hu Shumei Jia Chichuan Jin dongyue li Paul O’Brien Rongfeng Shen Xinwen Shu Shengli Sun Xiaojin Sun Xiaofeng wang Lei Yang Bing Zhang Chen Zhang Shuang-Nan Zhang Yonghe Zhang Jie An David Buckley Alexis Coleiro Bertrand Cordier liming Dou Rob Eyles-Ferris Zhou Fan hua Feng Shaoyu Fu Johan P.U.Fynbo Lluis Galbany Saurabh W.Jha Shuaiqing Jiang Albert Kong Erik Kuulkers Weihua Lei Wenxiong li Bifang liu mingjun liu Xing liu Yuan liu Zhu liu Chandreyee Maitra Alessio Marino Itumeleng Monageng Kirpal Nandra Jeremy Sanders Roberto Soria lian Tao Junfeng wang Song wang Tinggui wang Zhongxiang wang Qingwen wu Xuefeng wu dong Xu Yanjun Xu Suijian Xue Yongquan Xue Zijian Zhang Zipei Zhu Hu Zou Congying Bao Fansheng Chen Houlei Chen Tianxiang Chen Wei Chen Yehai Chen Yifan Chen Chenzhou Cui Weiwei Cui Yanfeng Dai dongwei Fan Ju Guan Dawei Han dongjie Hou Haibo Hu Maohai huang Jia Huo Zhenqing Jia Bowen Jiang Ge Jin Chengkui li Junfei li Longhui li Maoshun li Wei li Zhengda li Tianying lian Congzhan liu Heyang liu huaqiu liu Fangjun Lu Laidan Luo Jia Ma Xuan Mao Haiwu Pan Xin Pan liming Song Hui Sun Yunyin Tan Qingjun tang Yihan Tao Hao wang juan wang Lei wang Wenxin wang Yilong wang Yusa wang Qinyu wu Haitao Xu Jingjing Xu Xinpeng Xu Yunfei Xu Zhao Xu Changbin Xue Yulong Xue Ailiang Yan Haonan Yang Xiongtao Yang Yanji Yang juan Zhang Mo Zhang Wenjie Zhang Zhen Zhang Zhen Zhang Ziliang Zhang donghua Zhao Haisheng Zhao Xiaofan Zhao Zijian Zhao Hongyan Zhou Yilin Zhou Yuxuan Zhu Zhencai Zhu National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Astronomy and Space Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Space Sciences (ICE) CSIC Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC) Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics Innovation Academy for Microsatellites Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Physics University of Hong Kong School of Physics and Astronomy University of Leicester School of Physics and Astronomy Sun Yat-sen University Department of Physics Anhui Normal University Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Physics Department Tsinghua University Nevada Center for Astrophysics University of Nevada Las Vegas Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Nevada Las Vegas South African Astronomical Observatory Department of Astronomy University of Cape Town Department of Physics University of the Free State Université Paris Cité CNRS Astroparticule et Cosmologie Université Paris Cité CEA Paris-Saclay IRFU/DAp-AIM Department of Astronomy Guangzhou University Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN) Niels Bohr Institute University of Copenhagen Department of Physics and Astronomy Rutgers the State University of New Jersey Institute for Cosmic Ray Research The University of Tokyo ESA/ESTEC Department of Astronomy School of Physics huazhong University of Science and Technology INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino Sydney Institute for Astronomy School of Physics The University of Sydney Department of Astronomy Xiamen University Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics Beijing Normal University Department of Astronomy University of Science and Technology School of Astronomy and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Institute of Deep Space Sciences Deep Space Exploration Laboratory Department of Astronomy School of Physics and Astronomy Yunnan University Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chi

We report the discovery of a peculiar X-ray transient,EP240408a,by Einstein Probe （EP） and follow-up studies made with EP,Swift,NICER,GROND,ATCA and other ground-based multiwavelength *** new transient was first detected with Wide-field X-ray Telescope （WXT） on board EP on April 8th,2024,manifested in an intense yet brief X-ray flare lasting for *** flare reached a peak flux of 3.9×10-9erg cm-2s-1in 0.5-4 ke V,～300 times brighter than the underlying X-ray emission detected throughout the *** and more precise follow-up observations by EP/FXT,Swift and NICER confirmed the finding of this new *** X-ray spectrum is non-thermal in 0.5-10 ke V,with a power-law photon index varying *** X-ray light curve shows a plateau lasting for ～4 d,followed by a steep decay till becoming undetectable ～10 d after the initial *** on its temporal property and constraints from previous EP observations,an unusual timescale in the range of 7-23 d is found for EP240408a,which is intermediate between the commonly found fast and long-term *** counterparts have been found in optical and near-infrared,with the earliest observation at 17 h after the initial X-ray detection,suggestive of intrinsically weak emission in these *** demonstrate that the remarkable properties of EP240408a are inconsistent with any of the transient types known so far,by comparison with,in particular,jetted tidal disruption events,gamma-ray bursts,X-ray binaries and fast blue optical *** nature of EP240408a thus remains an *** suggest that EP240408a may represent a new type of transients with intermediate timescales of the order of～10 *** detection and follow-ups of more of such objects are essential for revealing their origin.

关键词： X-ray transients ${\bm~{Einstein~~Probe}}$

A review on photocatalytic systems capable of synchronously utilizing photogenerated electrons and holes

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Rare Metals 2022年第7期41卷 2387-2404页

作者： li-juan Sun Hai-Wei Su Qin-Qin liu Jie Hu Le-Le wang hua tang School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of ChemistryFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China

With the continuous progress and development of current industrial civilization,energy crisis and envi-ronmental pollution are serious problems that threaten human beings need to be *** technolo-gies that can use clean solar light energy to manufacture clean H2 fuel and high value chemicals provide a feasibility to solve the above ***,traditional photo-catalytic water splitting mainly focused on the utilization of photogenerated electrons to produce H_(2) which leads to the waste of the *** is vital to develop photocatalysts capable of synchronously utilizing photogenerated elec-trons and holes for the future practical *** this paper,the latest progress of photocatalytic system with collaborative photooxidation-reduction application has been summarized,and water splitting for H_(2) production combining different organic synchronous reaction process has been ***,the prospect of photocatalysts capable of synchronously utilizing photogenerated elec-trons and holes are proposed.

关键词： Photocatalysis Hydrogen generation Synchronous reaction Organic synthesis

Carbon hollow spheres as cocatalyst of Cu-doped TiO_(2)nanoparticles for improved photocatalytic H_(2)generation

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Rare Metals 2022年第6期41卷 2063-2073页

作者： li-juan Sun Hai-Wei Su Di-Fa Xu Le-Le wang hua tang Qin-Qin liu School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Hunan Key Laboratory of Applied Environmental Photocatalysis Changsha UniversityChangsha 410022China State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of ChemistryFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China

The reasonable employment of cocatalyst in photocatalysis can effectively promote the photocatalytic H_(2)production *** this study,carbon hollow spheres(C),as a good conductive nonmetallic material,have been utilized as a novel cocatalyst and a matrix for loading the Cu-doped-TiO_(2)nanoparticles by a successive hydrother-mal method and metal molten salt *** Cu-doped-TiO_(2)nanoparticles were tightly anchored on the surface of carbon hollow sphere to form a zero-dimensional/three dimensional(0D/3D)Cu-doped-TiO2/C *** optimal Cu-doped-TiO_(2)/C heterojunction demon-strated greatly enhanced photocatalytic H_(2) generation activity(14.4 mmol·g^(-1)·h^(-1))compared with TiO_(2)(0.33 mmol·g^(-1)·h^(-1))and TiO_(2)/C(0.7 mmol·g^(-1)·h^(-1)).The performance improvement was mainly due to the syner-gistic effect of carbon hollow sphere cocatalyst and Cu-doping,the Cu-doping in TiO_(2)nanoparticles can minimize charge recombination and enhance the available photoex-cited electrons,while the 3D carbon hollow spheres can act as electron traps to accelerate the charge separation and offer abundant active sites for solar water splitting reaction.

关键词： Cartbon hollow sphere Cu-doped TiO_(2) Photocatalytic H_(2)generation

Analyses and identifications of quantitative trait loci and candidate genes controlling mesocotyl elongation in rice

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第2期22卷 325-340页

作者： ZHANG Xi-juan LAI Yong-cai MENG Ying tang Ao dong Wen-jun liu You-hong liu Kai wang li-zhi YANG Xian-li wang Wen-long DING guo-hua JIANG Hui REN Yang JIANG Shu-kun Institute of Crop Cultivation and Tillage Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHeilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Cold RegionHeilongjiang Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Crop Cold DamageHarbin 150086P.R.China Northeast Branch of National Salt–Alkali Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center Harbin 150086P.R.China Qiqihar Branch Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesQiqihar 161006P.R.China

Rice direct seeding has the significant potential to save labor and water,conserve environmental resources,and reduce greenhouse gas emissions ***,rice direct seeding is becoming the major cultivation technology applied to rice production in many *** and utilizing genes controlling mesocotyl elongation is an effective approach to accelerate breeding procedures and meet the requirements for direct-seeded rice(DSR) *** study used a permanent mapping population with 144 recombinant inbred lines(RILs) and 2 828 bin-markers to detect quantitative trait loci(QTLs) associated with mesocotyl length in 2019 and *** mesocotyl lengths of the rice RILs and their parents,lijiangxintuanheigu(LTH) and Shennong 265(SN265),were measured in a growth chamber at 30°C in a dark environment.A total of 16 QTLs for mesocotyl length were identified on chromosomes 1(2),2(4),3(2),4,5,6,7,9,11(2),and *** of these QTLs,including qML1a,qML1b,qML2d,qML3a,qML3b,qML5,and qML11b,were reproducibly detected in both years via the interval mapping *** major QTL,qML3a,was reidentified in two years via the composite interval mapping method.A total of 10 to 413 annotated genes for each QTL were identified in their smallest genetic intervals of 37.69 kb to 2.78 Mb,*** predicted genes within a relatively small genetic interval(88.18 kb) of the major mesocotyl elongation QTL,qML3a,were more thoroughly ***,the coding DNA sequence variations among SN265,LTH,and Nipponbare indicated that the LOC_Os03g50550 gene was the strongest candidate gene for the qML3a QTL controlling the mesocotyl *** LOC_Os03g50550 gene encodes a mitogen-activated protein *** gene expression analysis using qRT-RCR further revealed that the expression levels of the LOC_Os03g50550 gene in the mesocotyl of LTH were significantly lower than in the mesocotyl of *** conclusion,these results further strengthen our knowled

关键词： japonica rice direct-seeded rice(DSR) mesocotyl elongation quantitative trait loci candidate gene

Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate and Ratio on Lodging Resistance of Super Rice with Different Genotypes

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第1期13卷 63-72页

作者： ZHANG wu-jun li Gang-hua YANG Yi-ming li Quan ZHANG Jun liu Jin-you wang Shao-hua tang She DING Yan-feng National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture Ministry of Industry and Information Technology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture Science and Technology Department of Jiangsu Province/College of Agriculture Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 P.R. China Agronomy College Nanjing Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology & Ecology in Southern China Ministry of Agriculture Nanjing 210095 P.R. China

The objective of this study was to determine the morphology mechanism of nitrogen （N） fertilizer rates and ratio on lodging resistance through analying its effects among lodging index （li）, lodging-related morphological traits and physical strength in basal intemodes by comparing japonica and indica super rice cultivars. Field experiments, with three nitrogen levels （0, 150 and 300 kg ha-L） and two ratios of basal to topdressing （8：2 and 5：5） with two super rice cultivars （Yliangyou 2 and wuyunjing 23）, were conducted in the Baolin Farm, Danyang Country, Jiangsu Province, China, in 2011 and 2012. Effects of N fertilizer rates and ratios on morphology of whole plant, morphology traits in basal intemodes and culm＇s physical strength parameters were investigated at 20 d after full heading stage. li of Yliangyou 2 was significant greater than that of wuyunjing 23 due to larger bending moment by whole plant （WP） with higher plant height and gravity center height. With higher volume of N fertilizer, li of two super rice cultivars was increased conspicuously. However, no significant effect was detected with increase of panicle fertilizer ratio. The size of breaking strength （M） in basal intemodes was the key factor determining li among N fertilizer treatments. Correlation analysis revealed that M value was positively related bending stress （BS） of wuyunjing 23 and section modulus （Z） of Yliangyou 2, respectively. The higher N fertilizer levels induced reduction ofBS of wuyunjing 23 due to weak culm and leaf sheath plumpness status and reduced Z of Yliangyou 2 owning to small diameter and culm wall thickness, consequently, influencing their M indirectly. These results suggested that breaking strength was the key factor influencing li with increase of N fertilizer levels. However, the lodging-related morphology mechanism was different with genotypes. Culm wall thickness and diameter in basal internodes of indica super rice and culm and leaf sheath plumpness status of japonic

关键词： super rice nitrogen fertilizer application management lodging resistance culmmorphology

Visualized uranium rapid monitoring system based on self-enhanced electrochemiluminescence-imaging of amidoxime functionalized polymer nanoparticles

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2022年第7期33卷 3456-3460页

作者： Ziyu wang Hang Gao Peng liu Xinqi wu Qian li Jing-juan Xu Daoben hua State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences(RAD-X)Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123 China State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China

The development of uranyl ion detection technology has exhibited its significance in public security and environmental fields for the radioactivity and chemical toxicity of uranyl *** WHO standard of uranyl ion makes it necessary to develop highly sensitive uranyl rapid warning system in drinking water ***,a visualized rapid warning system for trace uranyl ion is carried out based on electrochemiluminescence(ECL) imaging technology to give an ultra-low limit of detection(LOD) and high ***,a bi-functional group with both uranyl ion capturing and co-reactive functions,is modified on a conjugated polymer backbone with strong ECL signal to be prepared into three-in-one polymer nanoparticles(PNPs) with self-enhanced ECL *** captured uranyl ion can enhance the ECL signal of PNPs via resonance energy transfer process to give the LOD as 0.5 ng/L,which is much lower than the known luminescent uranyl ***,ECL imaging technology is introduced into realizing visualized uranyl rapid warning,and can be successfully applied on natural water *** study provides a novel strategy for uranyl rapid warning,and shows its potential meaning in public security and environmental fields.

关键词： Visualized monitoring Electrochemiluminescence Amidoxime Uranium Public security

Structural insights into substrate recognition and translocation of human peroxisomal ABC transporter ALDP

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第3期8卷 1269-1281页

作者： Chao Xiong li-Na Jia Wei-Xi Xiong Xin-Tong wu liu-lin Xiong Ting-hua wang dong Zhou Zhen Hong Zheng liu lin tang Department of Neurology State Key Lab of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy610041 ChengduSichuanChina Institute of Brain Science and Brain-inspired Technology of West China Hospital Sichuan UniversityChengduChina Institute of Neurological Disease State Key Lab of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan University610041 ChengduSichuanChina School of life and Health Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discoverythe Chinese University of Hong Kong(Shenzhen)ShenzhenChina

Dysfunctions of ATP-binding cassette,subfamily D,member 1(ABCD1)cause X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy,a rare neurodegenerative disease that affects all human *** in the peroxisome membrane,ABCD1 plays a role in the translocation of very long-chain fatty acids for theirβ-***,the six cryo-electron microscopy structures of ABCD1 in four distinct conformational states were *** the transporter dimer,two transmembrane domains form the substrate translocation pathway,and two nucleotide-binding domains form the ATP-binding site that binds and hydrolyzes *** ABCD1 structures provide a starting point for elucidating the substrate recognition and translocation mechanism of *** of the four inward-facing structures of ABCD1 has a vestibule that opens to the cytosol with variable *** acid(C26:0)-CoA substrate binds to the transmembrane domains(TMDs)and stimulates the ATPase activity of the nucleotide-binding domains(NBDs).W339 from the transmembrane helix 5(TM5)is essential for binding substrate and stimulating ATP hydrolysis by ***1 has a unique C-terminal coiled-coil domain that negatively modulates the ATPase activity of the ***,the structure of ABCD1 in the outward-facing state indicates that ATP molecules pull the two NBDs together and open the TMDs to the peroxisomal lumen for substrate *** five structures provide a view of the substrate transport cycle and mechanistic implication for disease-causing mutations.

关键词： starting hydrolysis insight

Multiple lines of evidence supports the two varieties of Halenia elliptica(Gentianaceae)as two species

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Plant Diversity 2022年第3期44卷 290-299页

作者： Jin-Feng wu dong-Rui Jia Rui-juan liu Zhi-li Zhou lin-lin wang Min-Yu Chen li-hua Meng Yuan-Wen Duan School of life Sciences Yunnan Normal UniversityKunming 650092PR China School of Ecology and Environmental Science&Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091PR China Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesXining 810001PR China The Germplasm Bank of Wild Species Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research at KunmingKunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201YunnanPR China Yunnan lijiang Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesLijiang 674100YunnanPR China

Delimiting species requires multiple sources of ***,we delimited two varieties of Halenia elliptica(Gentianaceae)using several lines of evidence,including morphological traits and mating system in a sympatric population,phylogenetic relationships based on nrITS and cpDNA(rpl16)data,and complete chloroplast genome *** analysis of 21 morphological traits clearly separates the two varieties of *** of the flowering process and pollination treatments indicate that *** *** produces seeds via outcrossing,whereas *** *** produces seeds via mixed ***,hand-pollinated hybridization of the two varieties produced no *** of pollinators showed that when bees began a pollination bout on *** *** they preferred to continue pollinating this variety;however,when they began a pollination bout on *** ***,they showed no preference for either *** analysis confirmed the monophyly of ***,which was further divided into two monophyletic clades corresponding to the two varieties.A large number of variants from the chloroplast genomes reflected remarkable genetic dissimilarities between the two varieties of *** recommend that the two varieties of *** should be revised as two species(*** and ***).Our findings indicate that *** varieties may have split into two separate species due to a shift in mating system,changes in flowering phenology and/or post-pollination reproductive isolation.

关键词： Halenia elliptica Flowering phenology Mating system Reproductive isolation Monophyly Species delimitation

Infall in massive clumps harboring bright infrared sources

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2021年第1期21卷 136-142页

作者： Ying-hua Yue Sheng-li Qin Tie liu Meng-Yao tang Yuefang wu Ke wang Chao Zhang Department of Astronomy Yunnan Universityand Key Laboratory of Astroparticle Physics of Yunnan ProvinceKunming650091China Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 20030China Department of Astronomy Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Thirty massive clumps associated with bright infrared sources were observed to detect the infall signatures and characterize infall properties in the envelope of the massive clumps by APEX telescope in CO(4-3)and C17O(3-2)*** objects exhibit a"blue profile"in the CO(4-3)line with virial parameters less than 2,suggesting that global collapse is taking place in these massive *** CO(4-3)lines were fitted via the two-layer model in order to obtain infall velocities and mass infall *** mass infall rates range from 10-3 to 10-1 M☉yr*(-1).A positive relationship between clump mass and infall rate appears to indicate that gravity plays a dominant role in the collapsing *** luminosity clumps have a larger mass infall rate,implying that those clumps with higher mass infall rates possess a higher star formation rate.

关键词： stars:formation ISM:clouds ISM:molecules