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An unsupervised clustering method for nuclear magnetic resonance transverse relaxation spectrums based on the Gaussian mixture model and its application

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Petroleum exploration and development 2022年第2期49卷 339-348页

作者： GE Xinmin XUE Zong’an ZHOU Jun hu Falong LI Jiangtao ZHANG Hengrong wang Shuolong NIU Shenyuan {3. Ji’er School of Geosciences China University of PetroleumQingdao 266580China CNPC Key Well Logging Laboratory Xi’an 710077China Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266071China Oil and Gas Survey Center of china Geological Survey Beijing 100083China china Petroleum Logging Co.Ltd. Xi’an 710077China petrochina research institute of Petroleum {3.&development Beijing 100083China petrochina Qinghai Oilfield Company Dunhuang 736202China Zhanjiang Branch of CNOOC Ltd. Zhanjiang 524057China Sinopec research institute of Petroleum Engineering Beijing 100101China

To make the quantitative results of nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) transverse relaxation(T;) spectrums reflect the type and pore structure of reservoir more directly, an unsupervised clustering method was developed to obtain the quantitative pore structure information from the NMR T;spectrums based on the Gaussian mixture model(GMM). Firstly, We conducted the principal component analysis on T;spectrums in order to reduce the dimension data and the dependence of the original variables. Secondly, the dimension-reduced data was fitted using the GMM probability density function, and the model parameters and optimal clustering numbers were obtained according to the expectation-maximization algorithm and the change of the Akaike information criterion. Finally, the T;spectrum features and pore structure types of different clustering groups were analyzed and compared with T;geometric mean and T;arithmetic mean. The effectiveness of the algorithm has been verified by numerical simulation and field NMR logging data. The research shows that the clustering results based on GMM method have good correlations with the shape and distribution of the T;spectrum, pore structure, and petroleum productivity, providing a new means for quantitative identification of pore structure, reservoir grading, and oil and gas productivity evaluation.

关键词： NMR T2 spectrum Gaussian mixture model expectation-maximization algorithm Akaike information criterion unsupervised clustering method quantitative pore structure evaluation

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页岩油地下原位转化的内涵与战略地位

石油勘探与开发 2018年第4期45卷 537-545页

作者：赵文智胡素云侯连华中国石油勘探开发研究院北京100083

页岩油地下原位转化是利用水平井电加热轻质化技术,将埋深3.0～3.000 m页岩中的重质油、沥青和各类有机物大规模转化为轻质油和天然气的物理化学过程,可称为"地下炼厂",在清洁开采、总量规模与产出物品质等方面具有明显优势。以有机质... 详细信息

页岩油地下原位转化是利用水平井电加热轻质化技术,将埋深3.0～3.000 m页岩中的重质油、沥青和各类有机物大规模转化为轻质油和天然气的物理化学过程,可称为"地下炼厂",在清洁开采、总量规模与产出物品质等方面具有明显优势。以有机质生排烃机理为基础,研究认为陆相中低成熟度(R_o值小于1.0%)富有机质页岩中,滞留液态烃占总生油量最大比例约25%、未转化有机质达40%～100%。适合地下原位转化的富有机质页岩需具备以下条件:页岩集中段TOC值大于6%,且越高越好;R_o值为0.5%～1.0%;厚度大于15 m;埋深小于3.000 m、面积大于50 km^2;页岩段顶底板封闭性好;地层含水率小于5%等。中国页岩油原位转化潜力巨大,技术可采资源量石油约(700～900)×10~8 t,天然气约(60～65)×10^(12) m^3.页岩油地下原位转化是新时期"进源找油"勘探的重大接替领域,如能实现商业突破,对中国石油工业的长期稳定乃至跨越式发展都具有里程碑意义。

关键词：页岩油原位转化地下炼厂技术可采资源量陆相页岩滞留烃中国陆上

Physical property and hydrocarbon enrichment characteristics of tight oil reservoir in Chang 7 division of Yanchang Formation,Xin’anbian oilfield,Ordos Basin,china

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Petroleum Science 2021年第5期18卷 1294-1304页

作者： Wei-Bo zhao Su-Yun hu Xiu-Qin Deng Bin Bai Shi-Zhen Tao Bo Sun Qian-Ru wang Dang-Xing Cheng research institute of petrochina Petroleum {3.&development Beijing100083China research institute of exploration and {3. of petrochina Changqing Oilfield Company Xi'an710020ShaanxiChina School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing100871China

Xin’anbian Oilfield of the Ordos Basin is the large tight oilfield to be first exploration discovery in *** production of tight oil increased significantly in recent *** shows great exploration potential of Chang 7 tight *** the physical property and hydrocarbon enrichment characteristics of Chang 7 tight oil reservoirs were rarely studied,The forming conditions of tight oil reservoirs are systematically summarized and analyzed through the study of hydrocarbon generation,sedimentary reservoirs and hydrocarbon migration and accumulation based on production and core experimental *** result shows that,The porosity of the Chang 7_(2)reservoir mainly distributed in 5.0-11.0%,average at 7.9%,The permeability mainly distributed in 0.04-0.18×10^(-3.μm^(2),average at 0.12×10^(-3.μm^(2),The pore diameters of the tight oil reservoir distributed in 2-8μ*** high-quality Chang 7_(3.source rocks and the micropsammite of Chang 7_(2)subaqueous distributary channel were widely distributed in the study *** lenticular or banded sand bodies are distributed among mudstone or hydrocarbon source rocks and have the advantage of migration distance for hydrocarbon *** reservoir space is composed of micro-nanometer pores and throat,that is formed in the process of increasing pressure during hydrocarbon generation and hydrocarbon *** Chang 7 tight oil was generated in the early Cretaceous and injected into the sand of the subaqueous distributary channel driven by continuous hydrocarbon generation *** formation and accumulation of tight oil reservoirs are mainly controlled by source rocks,sedimentary microfacies and reservoirs of good quality.

关键词： Ordos Basin Xin’anbian Oilfield Tight oil Pore structures Cumulation conditions

中国南海天然气水合物资源产业化发展面临的风险与挑战

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石油学报 2024年第7期45卷 1044-1060页

作者：庞雄奇胡涛蒲庭玉徐帜王恩泽汪文洋李昌荣张兴文刘晓涵吴卓雅王通赵正福庞礴鲍李银中国石油大学(北京)地球科学学院北京102249 油气资源与工程全国重点实验室北京102249 中国石油化工股份有限公司石油勘探开发研究院北京102206 中国科学院油气资源研究重点实验室北京100029 北京大学能源研究院北京100871 中国海洋石油国际有限公司北京100029 中海石油(中国)有限公司天津分公司天津300450 石油工业出版社有限公司北京100020 中国石油长庆油田公司第四采气厂内蒙古鄂尔多斯017300 中国石油勘探开发研究院北京100083

由于中国南海天然气水合物的资源量预测高达800×10^(8)t油当量,国家正在鼓励推进其产业化发展;这与国外对天然气水合物资源的理论研究以及投入资金逐渐减少的情况恰恰相反。基于国内外研究天然气水合物的热情差异大,以及当前推进中国... 详细信息

由于中国南海天然气水合物的资源量预测高达800×10^(8)t油当量,国家正在鼓励推进其产业化发展;这与国外对天然气水合物资源的理论研究以及投入资金逐渐减少的情况恰恰相反。基于国内外研究天然气水合物的热情差异大,以及当前推进中国南海天然气水合物资源产业化发展面临的风险和挑战等问题,结合全球和中国南海天然气水合物资源潜力的最新评价结果,对比分析了国内外学者对天然气水合物资源潜力评价与认识的差异及其原因。最新评价结果表明,全球天然气水合物的可采资源量模拟结果的众数值为3.0×10^(8)t油当量、平均值为680×10^(8)t油当量,中国南海天然气水合物可采资源量模拟结果的众数值为10×10^(8)t油当量、平均值为26×10^(8)t油当量,其平均值不到全球和中国南海常规油气资源总量的5%和20%。由此可见,中国南海800×10^(8)t油当量的天然气水合物资源潜力并不是其现实可采资源量,而是可采资源量的3.~80倍,不能用于指导生产和发展战略研究。有关天然气水合物资源量的概念和表征方法不统一是导致对其发展前景认识不同的根本原因之一。当前条件下推动中国南海天然气水合物资源产业化发展面临着可采资源量规模小、关键技术不成熟、市场竞争力较弱、商业投资风险大以及大规模发展与国家"双碳"目标不协调5方面的风险和挑战。因此,加快发展中国南海天然气水合物资源产业化需要深化4方面研究:提升科技水平,增加可采资源量;降低开采成本,拓展有效资源范围;深化地质条件评价,厘清资源分布特征;联合多种油气资源地质调查,提高综合开发成效。随着科技进步,天然气水合物资源势必将得到大规模开发利用,相关研究与探索应当得到支持和鼓励。

关键词：中国南海天然气水合物资源产业化发展低碳清洁能源非常规油气化石能源

中国煤成气理论发展及其在天然气工业发展中的地位

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石油勘探与开发 2009年第3期36卷 280-289页

作者：赵文智王红军钱凯中国石油天然气股份有限公司勘探与生产公司中国石油勘探开发研究院

煤系形成天然气的认识于20世纪40年代由德国学者提出,到20世纪70年代后期,煤成气在世界已探明天然气储量中所占比例已升至近70%。中国煤成气理论在过去3.年中经历了引进、吸收、创新、发展、形成体系、及时指导天然气工业大发展的全过程... 详细信息

煤系形成天然气的认识于20世纪40年代由德国学者提出,到20世纪70年代后期,煤成气在世界已探明天然气储量中所占比例已升至近70%。中国煤成气理论在过去3.年中经历了引进、吸收、创新、发展、形成体系、及时指导天然气工业大发展的全过程,理论体系涵盖煤成气与煤层气两大常规与非常规资源系列,内涵包括气源鉴别指标体系、煤成气成藏机制与分布规律、评价预测技术方法等;已有效指导我国天然气工业的建立和发展,推动我国天然气产量和储量在过去3.年间快速增长,为中国天然气工业快速发展做出重大基础性贡献,也是科技攻关紧密结合生产并有效解决国家重大需求的成功范例。

关键词：煤成气理论体系成藏机制分布规律

The applicability and underlying factors of frequency-dependent amplitude-versus-offset(AVO)inversion

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Petroleum Science 2023年第4期20卷 2075-2091页

作者： Fang Ouyang Xin-Ze Liu Binwang Zi-Duo hu Jian-Guo zhao Xiu-Yi Yan Yu Zhang Yi-He Qing State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102249China institute of Earthquake Forecasting China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing100036China Yumen Oil Field Branch of CNPC exploration and development research {3. JiuquanGansu735000China Northwest Branch of petrochina research institute of Petroleum {3. and development LanzhouGansu730020China Unconventional Petroleum research institute China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102249China College of Chemical Engineering and Environment China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102249China

Recently,the great potential of seismic dispersion attributes in oil and gas exploration has attracted extensive *** frequency-dependent amplitude versus offset(FAVO)technology,with dispersion gradient as a hydrocarbon indicator,has developed *** on the classical AVO theory,the technology works on the assumption that elastic parameters are frequency-dependent,and implements FAVO inversion using spectral decomposition methods,so that it can take dispersive effects into account and effectively overcome the limitations of the classical ***,the factors that affect FAVO are *** this end,we construct a unified equation for FAVO inversion by combining several Zoeppritz *** study and compare two strategies respectively with(strategy 1)and without(strategy 2)velocity as inversion input *** theoretical models,we investigate the influence of various factors,such as the Zoeppritz approximation used,P-and S-wave velocity dispersion,inversion input data,the strong reflection caused by non-reservoir interfaces,and the noise level of the seismic *** results show that FAVO inversion based on different Zoeppritz approximations gives similar *** addition,the inversion results of strategy 2 are generally equivalent to that of strategy 1,which means that strategy 2 can be used to obtain dispersion attributes even if the velocity is not *** also found that the existence of non-reservoir strong reflection interface may cause significant false ***,logging,geological,and other relevant data should be fully used to prevent this undesirable *** the P-and S-wave related dispersion obtained from FAVO can be used as good indicators of a hydrocarbon reservoir,but the P-wave dispersion is more *** fact,due to the mutual coupling of P-and S-wave dispersion terms,the P-wave dispersion gradient inverted from PP reflection seismic data has a stronger hydrocarbon detection ability than

关键词： Zoeppritz approximation Dispersion gradient Frequency-dependent AVO inversion Reservoir prediction Fluid identification

Enlightenment of calcite veins in deep Ordovician Wufeng-Silurian Longmaxi shales fractures to migration and enrichment of shale gas in southern Sichuan Basin, SW china

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Petroleum exploration and development 2023年第6期50卷 1374-1385页

作者： CUI Yue LI Xizhe GUO Wei LIN Wei hu Yong HAN Lingling QIAN Chao zhao Jianming University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China research Center of Sichuan Basin PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&DevelopmentBeijing 100083China Petroleum Industry Press Co. Ltd.Beijing 100011China research institute of Digital Geology and Energy Linyi UniversityLinyi 276000China MOE Key Laboratory of Continental Shale Hydrocarbon Accumulation and Efficient development Northeast Petroleum UniversityDaqing 163318China Shale Gas exploration and development Department CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co. Ltd.Chengdu 610051China 7.PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gas Field CompanyChengdu 610056China

The relationship between fracture calcite veins and shale gas enrichment in the deep Ordovician Wufeng Formation-Silurian Longmaxi Formation (Wufeng-Longmaxi) shales in southern Sichuan Basin was investigated through core and thin section observations, cathodoluminescence analysis, isotopic geochemistry analysis, fluid inclusion testing, and basin simulation. Tectonic fracture calcite veins mainly in the undulating part of the structure and non-tectonic fracture calcite veins are mainly formed in the gentle part of the structure. The latter, mainly induced by hydrocarbon generation, occurred at the stage of peak oil and gas generation, while the former turned up with the formation of Luzhou paleouplift during the Indosinian. Under the influence of hydrocarbon generation pressurization process, fractures were opened and closed frequently, and oil and gas episodic activities are recorded by veins. The formation pressure coefficient at the maximum paleodepth exceeds 2.0. The formation uplift stage after the Late Yanshanian is the key period for shale gas migration. Shale gas migrates along the bedding to the high part of the structure. The greater the structural fluctuation is, the more intense the shale gas migration activity is, and the loss is more. The gentler the formation is, the weaker the shale gas migration activity is, and the loss is less. The shale gas enrichment in the core of gentle anticlines and gentle synclines is relatively higher.

关键词： Sichuan Basin deep formation in southern Sichuan Basin Ordovician Wufeng Formation Silurian Longmaxi Formation fracture calcite vein fluid inclusion shale gas enrichment model

科学探索井历程、成效及意义——纪念科学探索井项目实践3.周年

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石油勘探与开发 2016年第2期43卷 153-165页

作者：翟光明胡见义赵文智邹才能中国石油天然气集团公司咨询中心中国石油勘探开发研究院

科学探索井项目(1986—2000年)开始实施至今已3.年,回顾并总结其探索历程、勘探成效、管理经验等对指导陆上未来勘探的意义重大。科探井钻探的目的是立足勘探院(石油勘探开发科学研究院)地质研究新认识,在新盆地、新层系和新区开展科学... 详细信息

科学探索井项目(1986—2000年)开始实施至今已3.年,回顾并总结其探索历程、勘探成效、管理经验等对指导陆上未来勘探的意义重大。科探井钻探的目的是立足勘探院(石油勘探开发科学研究院)地质研究新认识,在新盆地、新层系和新区开展科学探索,既解决重大基础地质问题,又追求突破发现。历经15年共钻井14口,其中台参1井、陕参1井发现了吐哈油田与靖边大气田,开启了西北侏罗系与鄂尔多斯盆地天然气大规模勘探的序幕,高科1井、酒参1井、沁参1井等获低产油气流,为日后获大发现打下基础,此外还储备了一批战略性领域和目标。在项目管理中,建立了"中国石油总部承担投资风险、以勘探院为主提出领域目标、油田承担钻探任务、勘探院监督"的运行模式,形成了"精雕细刻、精耕细作、深挖细找、点滴不漏"的管理细则,建立了科学合理的勘探程序。科学探索井的意义体现在将科研成果直接转化为生产力,引领并推动油气勘探取得战略性突破,并为中国石油实施风险勘探积累了宝贵经验。

关键词：科学探索井 “三新”领域吐哈盆地鄂尔多斯盆地鄯善油田靖边气田台参1井陕参1井

碳酸盐矿物定年和定温技术及其在川中古隆起油气成藏研究中的应用

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石油勘探与开发 2021年第3期48卷 476-487页

作者：沈安江赵文智胡安平王慧梁峰王永生中国石油杭州地质研究院杭州310023 中国石油天然气集团有限公司碳酸盐岩储层重点实验室杭州310023 中国石油勘探开发研究院北京100083

基于含烃包裹体宿主矿物U-Pb同位素年龄和团簇同位素(D47)温度约束建立成藏地质过程重建新方法。通过激光原位U-Pb同位素年龄和团簇同位素温度约束油气成藏时间和深度,包括两个关键步骤:①显微镜下液态或气态烃类包裹体特征、丰度和分... 详细信息

基于含烃包裹体宿主矿物U-Pb同位素年龄和团簇同位素(D47)温度约束建立成藏地质过程重建新方法。通过激光原位U-Pb同位素年龄和团簇同位素温度约束油气成藏时间和深度,包括两个关键步骤:①显微镜下液态或气态烃类包裹体特征、丰度和分布研究;②烃类包裹体宿主矿物激光原位U-Pb同位素定年和团簇同位素定温。该方法应用于川中古隆起震旦系灯影组气藏成藏期次研究,通过含烃包裹体白云石宿主矿物U-Pb同位素年龄和团簇同位素(D47)温度的测定,识别出3.成藏期:①以距今(416±23.Ma为代表的志留纪末的石油聚集;②以距今(248±27)Ma和(246.3.1.5)Ma为代表的二叠纪末—早三叠世的石油聚集;③以距今(115±69)Ma和(41±10)Ma为代表的燕山—喜马拉雅期天然气聚集。川中古隆起灯影组气藏成藏史与工区构造-埋藏史、盆地热史、烃源岩生烃史高度吻合,展示了碳酸盐矿物定年和定温技术在油气成藏期次研究中的适用性和可靠性,具推广应用价值。

关键词：激光原位U-Pb同位素测年团簇同位素测温烃类包裹体碳酸盐矿物定年碳酸盐矿物定温宿主矿物油气成藏川中古隆起震旦系灯影组