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Journal of Renewable Materials 2018年第3期6卷 325-335页

作者： Jan Badorrek Michael walter Marie-Pierre Laborie Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum Stefan-Meier-Straße 21D-79104 Freiburg im BreisgauGermany Chair of Forest Biomaterials Werthmannstraße 6D-79085 Freiburg im BreisgauGermany Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies(FIT) Georges-Köhler-Allee 105D-79110 Freiburg im BreisgauGermany Fraunhofer Institute for Mechanics of Materials(IwM) Wöhlerstraße 11D-79108 Freiburg im BreisgauGermany

Doping lignin with carbon nanotubes is a promising strategy for cost-effective high-performance carbon *** investigate the intermolecular interaction potential of CNT and organosolv lignin with two main ***,oxidized purified multiwalled carbon nanotubes(MwCNTs)and beech organosolv lignins and derivatives are analyzed with their Hansen solubility parameters(HSPs)to assess their mutual ***,dispersion-corrected density functional theory simulations of the interaction between model molecules and single-walled carbon nanotubes reveal the source of *** find that oxidation enables and enhances the interaction between carbon nanotubes and organosolv lignin experimentally,which is in agreement with the enhanced polar interaction found in the simulations.

关键词： CNT DFT Hansen solubility parameters lignin oxidation

Coxiella burnetii:living inside the host cell

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BIOCELL 2019年第1期43卷 1-6页

作者： Jesus Sebastian DISTEL walter BERON Rodolfo Matias ORTIZ FLORES Instituto de Histologia y Embriologia de Mendoza(IHEM) ONICETUniversidad Nacional de CuyoMendozaArgentina Facultad de Odontologia Universidad Nacional de CuyoMendozaArgentina

Coxiella burnetii is an obligate intracellular pathogen and the causative agent of Q *** this brief review,we describe how recently described mechanisms help our understanding of *** invasion and its survival in the host cell by the formation of a replicative niche:the Coxiella-containing *** describe the actin-associated proteins involved in the internalization of ***,and we discuss the contribution of diverse degradation pathways of the cell during the formation and stabilization of the Coxiella-containing vacuole.

关键词： Actin Coxiellosis Phagocytic pathway Q fever

Combatting anthrax outbreaks across Nigeria's national land borders: need to optimize surveillance with epidemiological surveys

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 100-100页

作者： Hammed O.Mogaji Babatunde Adewale Stella I.Smith Ehimario U.Igumbor Chidumebi J.Idemili Andrew w.Taylor-Robinson Yale School of Public Health Yale University New Haven USA Parasitology and Epidemiology Unit Federal University Oye-Ekiti Oye-Ekiti Nigeria Department of Public Health and Epidemiology Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Centre for Infectious Disease Research Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Department of Public Health Walter Sisulu University Mthatha South Africa Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation University of Toronto Toronto Canada College of Health Sciences Vin University Hanoi Vietnam Center for Global Health Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia USA

Background Anthrax is a non-contagious zoonotic disease caused by the Gram-positive,spore-forming bac-terium Bacillus *** is common in livestock and wild animals such as cattle,goats,sheep,camels,and *** humans,anthrax may occur after contact with contaminated carcasses or animal products like milk and *** best method to prevent anthrax in people is to ensure livestock are vaccinated,which significantly limits the risk of zoonotic spread to ***,the rate of vaccination of domesticated animals kept by nomadic pastoralists in west Africa is *** groups regularly cross over national boundaries with their grazing *** is a country that historically has done comparatively well to contain this public health ***,in 2023 several outbreaks of human disease appear linked to the consumption of anthrax-contaminated animal products brought into Nigeria by pastoralists from neighboring *** manifestations include skin sores or ulcers,nausea,vomiting,and *** article aims to raise awareness of recent outbreaks of anthrax in west Africa and to callfor a renewed focus on measures to combat this neglected public health concern to the *** body The imperative to pinpoint pivotal issues relating to the ongoing emergence of anthrax cases in Nigeria cannot be *** delving into the prevalence of anthrax in both livestock and human populations residing along Nigeria's borders,unraveling the genetic diversity and potential sources of *** strains,and identify-ing the primary animal host(s)responsible for transmission,we stand to enhance our understanding of this critical ***,investigating the multifaceted factors contributing to anthrax transmission,assessing community knowledge and practices,mapping common migratory routes of pastoralists,and formulating targeted interven-tion strategies tailored to the challenges of border communities,are each crucial steps towards eff

关键词： border Combat doubt

Role of gastroesophageal reflux disease in lung transplantation

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world Journal of Transplantation 2017年第2期7卷 103-116页

作者： Kelly E Hathorn walter w Chan wai-Kit Lo Division of Internal Medicine Brigham and Women’s Hospita wai-Kit Lo Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Endoscopy Brigham and Women’s Hospital Harvard Medical School

Lung transplantation is one of the highest risk solid organ transplant modalities. Recent studies have demonstrated a relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD) and lung transplant outcomes, including acute and chronic rejection. The aim of this review is to discuss the pathophysiology, evaluation, and management of GERD in lung transplantation, as informed by the most recent publications in the field. The pathophysiology of reflux-induced lung injury includes the effects of aspiration and local immunomodulation in the development of pulmonary decline and histologic rejection, as reflective of allograft injury. Modalities of reflux and esophageal assessment, including ambulatory p H testing, impedance, and esophageal manometry, are discussed, as well as timing of these evaluations relative to transplantation. Finally, antireflux treatments are reviewed, including medical acid suppression and surgical fundoplication, as well as the safety, efficacy, and timing of such treatments relative to transplantation. Our review of the data supports an association between GERD and allograft injury, encouraging a strategy of early diagnosis and aggressive reflux management in lung transplant recipients to improve transplant outcomes. Further studies are needed to explore additional objective measures of reflux and aspiration, better compare medical and surgical antireflux treatment options, extend followup times to capture longer-term clinical outcomes, and investigate newer interventions including minimally invasive surgery and advanced endoscopic techniques.

关键词： Lung transplant Reflux Aspiration Rejection Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome Fundoplication

Comparison of the Colonization Ability of Autochthonous and Allochthonous Strains of Lactobacilli in the Human Gastrointestinal Tract

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Advances in Microbiology 2012年第3期2卷 399-409页

作者： Steven A. Frese Robert w. Hutkins Jens walter Department of Food Science and Technology University of Nebraska Lincoln USA

Bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus are widely used as oral probiotics due to their putative health benefits. In this study, we compared the colonization ability of two Lactobacillus strains that were identified as autochthonous to the human gastrointestinal tract (Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC PTA 6475 (MM4-1a) and (Lactobacillus mucosae FSL-04) with that of an allochthonous strain (Lactobacillus acidophilus DDS-1). Colonization ability was tested in a single-blinded, cross-over study, with twelve human subjects. The test strains were quantified in fecal samples by two independent methods, selective plating and molecular typing and quantitative real time PCR. The study revealed that the two autochthonous strains (L. reuteri ATCC PTA 6475 and L. mucosae FSL-04) reached higher population levels in fecal samples and were recovered more frequently from subjects compared to the allochthonous strain (L. acidophilus DDS-1). All three strains became undetectable 8 days after the end of consumption with one exception, showing that persistence of all three strains remains short term in most individuals. In conclusion, this study showed that autochthonous Lactobacillus strains can be established more efficiently, albeit temporarily, in the human gastrointestinal tract, suggesting that evolutionary and ecological characteristics could be valuable criteria for the selection of probiotic strains.

关键词： Lactobacillus Probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri Lactobacillus mucosae Lactobacillus acidophilus Gut Microbiology Microbial Ecology Colonization Resistance

Bats adjust temporal parameters of echolocation pulses but not those of communication calls in response to traffic noise

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Integrative Zoology 2019年第6期14卷 576-588页

作者： Shengjing SONG Aiqing LIN Tinglei JIANG Xin ZHAO walter METZNER Jiang FENG Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization Northeast Normal UniversityChangchunJilinChina Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA College of Life Science Jilin Agricultural UniversityChangchunJilinChina

Many studies based on acute short-term noise exposure have demonstrated that animals can adjust their vocalizations in response to ambient ***,the effects of chronic noise over a relatively long time scale of multiple days remain largely *** rely mainly on acoustic signals for perception of environmental and social *** all previous studies on noise-induced vocal adjustments have focused on echolocation pulse *** little is known regarding the effects of noise on social communication ***,we examined the dynamic changes in the temporal parameters of echolocation and communication vocalizations of Vespertilio sinensis when exposed to traffic noise over multiple *** found that the bats started to modify their echolocation vocalizations on the fourth day of noise exposure,with an increase of 42-91%in the total number of pulse sequences per *** noisy conditions,the number of pulses within a pulse sequence decreased by an average of 17.2%,resulting in a significantly slower number of pulses/sequence(Pwever,there was little change in the duration of a pulse *** parameters were not significantly adjusted in most communication vocalizations under the noise condition(all P>0.05),except that the duration decreased and the number of syllables/sequences increased in 1 type of communicative vocalization(P<0.05).This study suggests that bats routinely adjust temporal parameters of echolocation but rarely of communication vocalizations in response to noise condition.

关键词： Chiroptera chronic noise pollution response latency temporal parameters vocal adjustment

Species diversity and population density affect genetic structure and gene dispersal in a subtropical understory shrub

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2012年第3期5卷 270-278页

作者： Xueqin Zeng Stefan G.Michalski Markus Fischer walter Durka UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Department of Community Ecology(BZF)Theodor-Lieser-Strasse 4D-06120 HalleGermany Institute of Plant Sciences University of BernAltenbergrain 21CH-3013 BernSwitzerland

Aims The dispersal of pollen and seeds is spatially restricted and may vary among plant populations because of varying biotic interactions,population histories or abiotic *** gene dispersal is spatially restricted,it will eventually result in the development of spatial genetic structure(SGS),which in turn can allow insights into gene dispersal ***,we assessed the effect of habitat characteristics like population density and community structure on small-scale SGS and estimate historical gene dispersal at different spatial *** In a set of 12 populations of the subtropical understory shrub Ardisia crenata,we assessed genetic variation at 7 microsatellite loci within and among *** investigated small-scale genetic structure with spatial genetic autocorrelation statistics and heterogeneity tests and estimated gene dispersal distances based on population differentiation and on within-population *** was related to habitat characteristics by multiple *** Findings The populations showed high genetic diversity(He=0.64)within populations and rather strong genetic differentiation(F#ST=0.208)among populations,following an isolation-by-distance pattern,which suggests that populations are in gene flow–drift *** SGS was present within populations(mean Sp=0.027).Population density and species diversity had a joint effect on SGS with low population density and high species diversity leading to stronger small-scale *** of historical gene dispersal from between-population differentiation and from within-population SGS resulted in similar values between 4.8 and 22.9 *** results indicate that local-ranged pollen dispersal and inefficient long-distance seed dispersal,both affected by population density and species diversity,contributed to the genetic population structure of the *** suggest that SGS in shrubs is more similar to that of herbs than to trees and that in communities with

关键词： Ardisia crenata BEF China gene flow habitat effects spatial genetic structure

Feasibility of personalized treatment concepts in gastrointestinal malignancies： Sub-group results of prospective clinical phase Ⅱ trial EXACT

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2018年第5期30卷 508-515页

作者： Matthias Unseld Robert Mader Lukas Baumann Clarence Veraar Fritz wrba Fredrik waneck Markus Kieler Daniela Bianconi walter Berger Maria Sibilia Leonhard Miillauer Christoph Zielinski Gerald w. Prager Department of Medicine I Division of Oncology Medical University of Vienna Vienna 1090 Austria Comprehensive Cancer Center Medical University Vienna - General Hospital Vienna 1090 Austria Department of Medical Statistics Medical University of Vienna Vienna 1090 Austria Clinical Institute of Pathology Medical University of Vienna Vienna 1090 Austria Department of Interventional Radiology Medical University of Vienna Vienna 1090 Austria Department of Medicine I Institute of Cancer Research Medical University of Vienna Vienna 1090 Austria

Objective： Advances in high-throughput genomic profiling and the development of new targeted therapies improve patient＇s survival. In gastrointestinal （GI） malignancies, the concept of personalized medicine （PM） was not investigated so far. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the efficacy of a personalized treatment in GI patients who failed standard treatment. Methods： Out of the original prospective clinical phase II EXACT trial, 21 （38%） GI cancer patients who had no further treatment options were identified. A molecular profile （MP） via a 50 gene next generation sequencing （NGS） panel in combination with immunohistochemistry （IHC） was conducted using real-time biopsy tumor material. Results were discussed by a multidisciplinary team （MDT） to translate the individual MP in an experimental treatment. Results： Of the 55 patients originally included in the EXACT trial, 21 （38%） suffered from GI malignancies. The final analysis showed that 15 （71%） patients had experienced a longer progression-free survival （PFS） upon experimental targeted treatment （124 d, quartiles 70/193 d）, when compared with the PFS achieved by the previous conventional therapy （62 d, quartiles 55/83 d）（P=0.014）. Thirteen （62%） patients receiving targeted treatment experienced a disease control according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors （RECIST）. Median overall survival （OS） from the start of experimental therapy to time of censoring or death was 193 d （quartiles 115/374 d）. Conclusions： PM was not investigated in GI malignancies so far in a prospective trial. This study shows that treatment based on real-time molecular tumor profiling led to a superior clinical benefit, and survival as well as response was significantly improved when compared with previous standard medications.

关键词： Personalized medicine gastrointestinal malignancies prospective trial next generations sequencing

Genetic diversity and differentiation follow secondary succession in a multi-species study on woody plants from subtropical China

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第1期10卷 213-221页

作者： Christoph Z.Hahn Stefan G.Michalski Markus Fischer walter Durka Department of Community Ecology(BZF) Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research—UFZTheodor-Lieser-Straße 4D-06120 HalleGermany Institute of Plant Sciences University of BernAltenbergrain 21CH-3013 BernSwitzerland German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv)Halle-Jena-Leipzig Deutscher Pl.5E04103 LeipzigGermany

Aims Species diversity and genetic diversity may be affected in parallel by similar environmental ***,genetic diversity may also be affected independently by habitat *** aim at disentangling relationships between genetic diversity,species diversity and habitat characteristics of woody species in subtropical *** we studied 11 dominant tree and shrub species in 27 plots in Gutianshan,China,and assessed their genetic diversity(A_(r))and population differentiation(F′_(ST))with microsatellite *** tested if Ar and population specific F′_(ST) were correlated to local species diversity and plot ***-model inference and model averaging were used to determine the relative importance of each ***,we tested for isolation-by-distance(IBD)and isolation-by-elevation by regressing pairwise F′_(ST) against pairwise spatial and elevational *** Findings Genetic diversity was not related to species diversity for any of the study ***,our results do not support joint effects of habitat characteristics on these two levels of ***,genetic diversity in two understory shrubs,Rhododendron simsii and Vaccinium carlesii,was affected by plot age with decreasing genetic diversity in successionally older *** differentiation increased with plot age in *** and Lithocarpus *** shows that succession can reduce genetic diversity within,and increase genetic diversity between ***,we found four cases of IBD and two cases of *** former indicates inefficient pollen and seed dispersal by animals whereas the latter might be due to phenological *** patterns indicate that succession can affect genetic diversity without parallel effects on species diversity and that gene flow in a continuous subtropical forest can be restricted even at a local scale.

关键词： Allelic richness population differentiation habitat characteristics gene flow species-genetic diversity correlation SGDC

CYP1B1-derived epoxides modulate the TRPA1channel in chronic pain

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2023年第1期13卷 68-81页

作者： Lili Sun Jie Zhang Changshan Niu Cassandra E.Deering-Rice Ronald w.Hughen John G.Lamb Katherine Rose Kevin M.Chase Marysol Almestica-Roberts Markel walter Eric w.Schmidt Alan R.Light Baldomero M.Olivera Christopher A.Reilly Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Center for Human ToxicologyUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUT84112USA Department of Anesthesiology School of MedicineUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUT 84112USA Department of Medicinal Chemistry University of UtahSalt Lake CityUT 84112USA School of Biological Sciences University of UtahSalt Lake CityUT 84112USA

Pain is often debilitating,and current treatments are neither universally efficacious nor without *** receptor potential(TRP)ion channels offer alternative targets for pain relief,but little is known about the regulation or identities of endogenous TRP ligands that affect inflammation and ***,transcriptomic and targeted lipidomic analysis of damaged tissue from the mouse spinal nerve ligation(SNL)-induced chronic pain model revealed a time-dependent increase in Cyp1b1 mRNA and a concurrent accumulation of 8,9-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid(EET)and 19,20-EpDPA post *** of 8,9-EET and 19,20-EpDPA by human/mouse CYP1B1 was confirmed in vitro,and 8,9-EET and 19,20-EpDPA selectively and dose-dependently sensitized and activated TRPA1 in overexpressing HEK-293 cells and Trpa1-expressing/AITC-responsive cultured mouse peptidergic dorsal root ganglia(DRG)***1 activation by 8,9-EET and 19,20-EpDPA was attenuated by the antagonist A967079,and mouse TRPA1 was more responsive to 8,9-EET and 19,20-EpDPA than human *** latter effect mapped to residues Y933,G939,and S921 of ***-plantar injection of 19,20-EpDPA induced acute mechanical,but not thermal hypersensitivity in mice,which was also blocked by ***,Cyp1b1-knockout mice displayed a reduced chronic pain phenotype following SNL *** data suggest that manipulation of the CYP1B1-oxylipin-TRPA1 axis might have therapeutic benefit.

关键词： CYPIB1 Spinal nerve ligation Epoxides TRPA1 Calcium imaging Hyperalgesia Chronic pain Inflammation