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Clinical malaria and the potential risk of anaemia among preschool-aged children:apopulation-based study of the 2015-2016 Malawi micronutrient survey

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2019年第6期8卷 28-38页

作者： Peter Austin Morton Ntenda Sosten Chilumpha Edward Tisungane Mwenyenkulu Jane Flora Kazambwe walaa El-Meidany Malaria Alert Centre College of MedicineUniversity of MalawiPrivate Bag 360ChichiriBlantyre 3Malawi Ministry of Health and Population Department of Planning and Policy DevelopmentPO Box 30377LilongweMalawi The Malawi University of Science and Technology P.0 Box 5196LimbeMalawi NBS Bank PLC Head Office NBS House Corner Chipem bere Highway&Johnstone Roads Ginnery Corner BlantyreP.O.Box 32251ChichiriBlantyre 3Malawi Department of Nutrition High Institute of Public HealthAlexandria UniversityHiph 65 El-Horreya AvenueEl-lbrahimiaAlexandriaEgypt

Background:Anaemia and malaria are common and life-threatening diseases among preschool-aged children in many tropical and subtropical areas,and Malawi is no ***,this study aimed to examine the association of referral clinical malaria with anemia(hemoglobin[Hb]<110g/L)in preschool-aged children in ***:Using cross-sectional data obtained from the 2015-2016 Malawi Micronutrient Survey(MNS),multivariate logistic regression models were construaed using surveylogistic to account for the complex survey *** samples of 1051 children aged 6-59 months were evaluated for malaria(using rapid diagnostic test[RDT]-SD BIOLINE Malaria Ag P.f/Pan test histidine-rich protein(HRP-Ⅱ)^™),Hb(using HemoCue 301),a-1-acid glycoprotein(AGP),and serum ferritin biomarkers(using simple sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique,ELISA)and inherited blood disorders from dry blood samples(DBS)using polymerize chain reaaion(PCR).Diagnosis of clinical malaria was made on the basis of fever and a positive rapid diagnostic test(RDT).Results:Of the 1051 PSC analysed,29%had anaemia while 24.4%had a referral to the hospital due to *** adjustments for known confounders,PSC with a history of referral clinical malaria had increased odds of being anaemic(adjusted odds ratio[aOR]=4.63,95%confidence interval[Cf]:2.90-7.40),P<***:This study found that clinical malaria increased the risk of anaemia in PSC Thus,elimination of malariacausing parasites from the PSCs blood should be rapid and complete in order to prevent the progression of uncomplicated malaria to a chronic infection that can lead to the development of malaria-related anaemia.

关键词： Clinical malaria Anaemia a-Acid glycoprotein Serum ferritin Malawi

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Heavy Metals Content in Water and Sediments in the Upper Litani River Basin, Lebanon

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2022年第7期10卷 139-158页

作者： Chaden Moussa Haydar Khaled Tarawneh Nada Nehme Mazen Amaireh Ali Yaacoub walaa Diab Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Islamic University of Lebanon Beirut Lebanon Mining and Mineral Department Faculty of Engineering Al Hussein Bin Talal University Ma’an Jordan Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Veterinary Medicine Lebanese University Dekwaneh Beirut Lebanon Mining Department Faculty of Engineering Tafila Technical University Tafila Jordan Lebanese Cleaner Production Center IRI Building Lebanese University Campus Beirut Lebanon Faculty of Sciences Lebanese University Beirut Lebanon

Surface water quality is largely influenced by both natural processes and anthropogenic inputs. This study involves the characterization of the concentration of heavy metals of Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn, and the sources of pollution in water and sediment of the Upper Litani River Basin (ULRB) in Lebanon. The investigation was performed during three seasons of rainy, mid-rainy spring and wet periods for two years during different flow rates. Sediments were characterized by a set of chemical analyses, cation exchange capacity (CEC), mineralogy of the sediments, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). To assess metal contamination in sediment, Consensus-Based Sediment Quality Guidelines of Wisconsin (CBSQG) were applied. The metals contamination in the sediments was also evaluated by contamination factor (Cf). The test results showed that the effect of seasonal variations was significant in the Upper Litani River Basin. Principal Compound Analysis (PCA) and Pearson’s correlation were also performed in this study to compare and determine the correlation between metals in water and sediments. The concentrations of Pb, Cd, Cu, Cr and Zn in all sediment samples are above the norms in winter, while Fe was increased in summer. The results showed that the importance of monitoring of changes of heavy metals values and physico-chemical characterization of different parameters could represent the possibility of a comprehensive assessment of negative pressures on the water and soil ecosystem of Litani River Basin during different seasons.

关键词： Stream Flow Heavy Metals Sediments Concentration Contamination Lebanon

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Lipopolysaccharide Binding Protein and Cardiovascular Changes in Obese Children

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2021年第2期11卷 225-237页

作者： Eatemad Nabil Mansour Mervat Elshahat Elwakeel Ola Hassan Abd Elaziz walaa Mohammed Shipl Alzahraa University Hospital Faculty of Medicine for Girls Al-Azhar University Cairo Egypt

Objective: Despite the growing evidence that lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) plays a major role in cardiovascular disease (CVD) pathophysiology and obesity, data regarding this association in children are rare. Therefore, our objectives were to assess whether there was a difference between overweight/obese and normal-weight children in plasma LBP levels and to assess the cardiovascular changes in both groups. Methods: In an observational, case-control study, a total of 30 children as obese and overweight children. Obese children with body mass index (BMI) above 95th percentile, and overweight children with BMI between 85th and 95th percentile were recruited if they aged between 8-16 years old. A similar number of matched controls were included. Serum LBP was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. Results: With regard to serum LBP, the mean LBP was significantly higher in obese children than

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<i>In Vitro</i>Anti-Cancer Activity of Larval Hemolymph and Fat Body of Flesh Fly <i>Sarcophaga argyrostoma</i>(Diptera: Sarcophagidae)

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Advances in Entomology 2020年第2期8卷 93-105页

作者： Shaymaa Mahmoud Lina Abou El-Khashab walaa Moselhy Abdelbaset Zayed Mohamed Salama Zoology Department Faculty of Science Menoufia University Menoufia Egypt Zoology Department Faculty of Science Al-Azhar University (Girls Branch) Nasr City Cairo Egypt Entomology Department Faculty of Science Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt

Insects are well recognized as a source of potentially useful compounds for modern medicine. Development of anticancer drugs from natural resources has been performed throughout the world. In the present study, anticancer activity of the hemolymph and fat body of Sarcophaga argyrostoma third larval instars is assayed against human breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231 cells). The cytotoxicity of the hemolymph and fat body samples were determined. The results showed that growth of MDA-MB-231 cells was inhibited at different concentrations upon 24 h of exposure. There is no inhibitory activity against Vero cells under these experimental conditions. Protein profile of the hemolymph and fat body were extracted and separated using sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Protein analysis showed differences in number of electrophoretic protein bands with different molecular weights between treated and control larvae. The present work assumes that hemolymph and fat body tissue have cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 cells and these results exhibit that larvae from S. argyrostoma could be used as a good source for developing anti-cancer agents and knowledge of these anti-cancer compounds will lead to better control of human disease.

关键词： Sarcophaga argyrostoma Hemolymph Fat Body Cytotoxicity SDS-PAGE Analysis

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Rosmarinic acid attenuates hepatic fibrogenesis via suppression of hepatic stellate cell activation/proliferation and induction of apoptosis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第5期10卷 423-432页

作者： Naglaa M.El-Lakkany walaa H.El-Maadawy Sayed H.Seif el-Din Olfat A.Hammam Salwa H.Mohamed Shahira M.Ezzat Marwa M.Safar Samira Saleh Department of Pharmacology Theodor Bilharz Research InstituteWarak El-HadarImbaba P.O.Box 30Giza 12411Egypt Department of Pathology Theodor Bilharz Research InstituteWarak El-HadarImbaba P.O.Box 30Giza 12411Egypt Department of Immunology Theodor Bilharz Research InstituteWarak El-HadarImbaba P.O.Box 30Giza 12411Egypt Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of PharmacyCairo UniversityCairo 11562Egypt Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of PharmacyCairo UniversityCairo 11562Egypt

Objective:To investigate the antifibrotic role of rosmarinic acid(RA),a natural polyphenolic compound,on HSCs activation/proliferation and apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Methods:The impact of RA on stellate cell line(HSC-T6) proliferation,activation and apoptosis was assessed along with its safety on primary hepatocytes. In vivo,rats were divided into:(i) normal;(ii) thioacetamide(TAA)-intoxicated rats for 12 weeks;(iii) TAA+silymarin or(iv) TAA+RA. At the end of experiment,liver functions,oxidative stress,inflammatory and profibrogenic markers,tissue inhibitor metalloproteinases type-1(TIMP-1) and hydroxyproline(HP) levels were evaluated. Additionally,liver histopathology and immunohistochemical examinations of alpha-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA),caspase-3 and proliferation cellular nuclear antigen(PCNA) were determined. Results:RA exhibited anti-proliferative effects on cultured HSCs in a time and concentration dependent manner showing an IC50 of 276 μg/mL and 171 μg/mL for 24 h and 48 h,respectively,with morphological reversion of activated stellate cell morphology to quiescent form. It significantly improved ALT,AST,oxidative stress markers and reduced TIMP-1,HP levels,inflammatory markers and fibrosis score(S1 vs S4). Furthermore,reduction in α-SMA plus elevation in caspase-3 expressions of HSCs in vitro and in vivo associated with an inhibition in proliferation of damaged hepatocytes were recorded. Conclusions:RA impeded the progression of liver fibrosis through inhibition of HSCs activation/proliferation and induction of apoptosis with preservation of hepatic architecture.

关键词： Hepatic fibrosis Hepatic stellate cells Rosmarinic acid Apoptosis Proliferation Profibrogenic markers

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Hepatoprotective activity of Dypsis lutescens against D-galactosamine-induced hepatotoxicity in rats and its phytoconstituents

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2019年第11期9卷 467-473页

作者： Mai M.El-Ghonemy walaa A.El-Kashak Tahia K.Mohamed Enayat A.Omara Jihan Hussein Abdel-Razik H.Farrag Mahmoud I.Nassar Mohamed Y.El-Kady Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department National Research Centre33 El-Bohouth St.Dokki12622CairoEgypt Department of Pathology National Research Centre33 El Bohouth St.Dokki12622CairoEgypt Medical Biochemistry Department National Research Centre33 El Bohouth St.Dokki12622CairoEgypt Chemistry Department Faculty of ScienceAin Shams UniversityCairoEgypt

Objective:To isolate and identify the polyphenolic constituents of Dypsis lutescens,and evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of the ethanolic extract of Dypsis lutescens ***:Hepatoprotective,antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of two doses of Dypsis lutescens ethanolic leaf extract were investigated in five groups of six rats each administered with the ethanolic extract of Dypsis lutescens *** function parameters were assessed,histopathological study was carried out,the anti-inflammatory mediators and the antioxidant potential in the liver tissues were *** addition,the total ethanolic extract of Dypsis lutescens leaves was subjected to different chromatographic separation techniques to yield ten phenolic *** isolated compounds structures were spectroscopically ***:Hepatoprotective activity of Dypsis lutescens ethanolic extract was estimated for the first time and showed significant activity against histopathological changes induced by D-galactosamine in *** extract improved the liver *** to the D-galactosamine group,the architecture of the liver in the treated groups was improved in the histopathological *** results proved the hepatoprotective activity of Dypsis lutescens and its ability in attenuating liver oxidative damage and *** investigations of the total extract afforded ten compounds from the genus ***:The alcoholic extract of Dypsis lutescens exerted potential hepatoprotective action,maintaining liver health and functions.

关键词： Dypsis lutescens Flavonoid glycosides Phenolic acids Hepatoprotective Antioxidant Anti-inflammatory

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Safety and outcome of treatment of metastatic melanoma using 3-bromopyruvate: a concise literature review and case study

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2014年第7期33卷 356-364页

作者： Salah Mohamed El Sayed walaa Gamal Mohamed Minnat-Allah Hassan Seddik Al-Shimaa Ahmed Ahmed Asmaa Gamal Mahmoud Wael Hassan Amer Manal Mohamed Helmy Nabo Ahmed Roshdi Hamed Nagwa Sayed Ahmed Ali Abdel-Rahman Abd-Allah Department of Medical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine Sohag Faculty of Medicine Sohag University Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular biology Sohag Faculty of Medicine Sohag University Department of Surgery Sohag Cancer Center Department of Pediatrics Sohag Teaching Hospital Division of Pediatric Cardiology Department of Pediatrics Maternity and Children Hospital King Abdullah Medical City Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Pathology Sohag Faculty of Medicine Sohag University

3-Bromopyruvate(3BP) is a new, promising anticancer alkylating agent with several notable functions. In addition to inhibiting key glycolysis enzymes including hexokinase II and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH), 3BP also selectively inhibits mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, angiogenesis, and energy production in cancer cells. Moreover, 3BP induces hydrogen peroxide generation in cancer cells(oxidative stress effect) and competes with the LDH substrates pyruvate and lactate. There is only one published human clinical study showing that 3BP was effective in treating fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma. LDH is a good measure for tumor evaluation and predicts the outcome of treatment better than the presence of a residual tumor mass. According to the Warburg effect, LDH is responsible for lactate synthesis, which facilitates cancer cell survival, progression, aggressiveness, metastasis, and angiogenesis. Lactate produced through LDH activity fuels aerobic cell populations inside tumors via metabolic symbiosis. In melanoma, the most deadly skin cancer, 3BP induced necrotic cell death in sensitive cells, whereas high glutathione(GSH) content made other melanoma cells resistant to 3BP. Concurrent use of a GSH depletor with 3BP killed resistant melanoma cells. Survival of melanoma patients was inversely associated with high serum LDH levels, which was reported to be highly predictive of melanoma treatment in randomized clinical trials. Here, we report a 28-year-old man presented with stage IV metastatic melanoma affecting the back, left pleura, and lung. The disease caused total destruction of the left lung and a high serum LDH level(4,283 U/L). After ethics committee approval and written patient consent, the patient received 3BP intravenous infusions(1-2.2 mg/kg), but the anticancer effect was minimal as indicated by a high serum LDH level. This may have been due to high tumor GSH content. On combining oral paracetamol, which depletes tumor GSH, with 3BP treatment, se

关键词：黑色素瘤治疗文献综述溴代转移性乳酸脱氢酶对乙酰氨基酚 GSH含量

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The Value of Speckle Tracking Strain Imaging at Recovery Period of Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2019年第3期9卷 223-235页

作者： Mosaad M. Abushabana Neveen I. Samy Mahmoud A. Soliman walaa Fareed El Mahalla General Hospital MOH El-Mahalla Egypt Cardiovascular Disease Department Faculty of Medicine Menoufia University Shebeen El-Kom Egypt

Background: Dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) is a well-established method for detecting myocardial ischemia. The classic echocardiographic findings of ischemia are new or worsening abnormalities of radial wall thickening. However, interpretation of these findings is subjective and dependent on experience. Speckle tracking strain imaging (STI) has been introduced as a novel method to overcome these limitations. Objective: The aim of the study is to evaluate the value of speckle tracking imaging (STI) by estimating the mean global longitudinal systolic (GLS) and the mean global circumferential systolic (GCS) strain imaging at recovery period of dobutamine stress echocardiography for prediction of significant coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with chest discomfort. Methods: Fifty three patients presented for evaluation of chest discomfort underwent dobutamine stress echocardiography and coronary angiography at Cardiology Department,Menoufia University Hospital. The mean global left ventricular longitudinal systolic strain (GLS) at apical views—3 chambers, 4 chambers & 2 chambers apical views and global left ventricular circumferential systolic strain (GCS) at short axis view at level of papillary muscle were measured at rest and during recovery period of dobutamine stress echocardiography using automated functional imaging (AFI). Coronary angiography was done for all patients. Significant coronary artery lesion was defined as having a ≥ 70% diameter stenosis on coronary angiography. Patients were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of significant coronary artery lesion into CAD positive (+ve) group vs. CAD negative (-ve) group. Results: In both groups,there were no statistically significant differences in the clinical characteristics and baseline conventional transthoracic echocardiography. GLS and GSC at recovery were lower in the CAD (+ve) group than in the CAD (-ve) group (-16.69% ± 1.10% vs -19.05% ± 1.41% p ). GLS and GCS durin

关键词： Coronary Artery Disease Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography Speckle Tracking Imaging Coronary Angiography

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Severity of Coronary Artery Disease by Coronary CT Angiography in Relation to Left Ventricular Diastolic Function

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2020年第4期10卷 235-245页

作者： Wassam Eldin Hadad Elshafey walaa Fareed Abdelaziz Mohamed Seleem Mohamed Osama Mohamed Abdallah Omar Cardiology Department Menoufia University Al Minufya Egypt National Heart Institute Embaba Cairo Egypt

Objectives:?The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between severity of CAD by coronary mutlislice computed tomography scan and the degree of diastolic function Methods:?The study consisted of 80 patients who underwent both coronary CTA and TTE within 1 year with no identifiable intervening cardiovascular event in National?Heart?Institute and Menoufia?University?Hospitals. All patients were subjected to detailed medical history, physical examination, full electrocardiography study including tissue Doppler imaging on mitral annulus, MSCT coronary angiography and different laboratory investigation as CBC, creatinine, lipid profile. Results:?From 80 patients who have done both echocardiography examination and MSCT coronary angiography, the CT scan results were 38 patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease and 42 patients with obstructive CAD, higher number of patients with diastolic dysfunction with higher values of E/E’, medial e’, lateral e’, LAVI (left atrial volume index) and TRV (tricuspid regurge velocity) were found in the group with obstructive coronary artery disease.?Conclusion:?Our study showed that diastolic dysfunction is more prevalent in patients with obstructive coronary artery disease with higher grade of diastolic dysfunction.

关键词： Coronary Artery Disease Diastolic Dysfunction MSCT Coronary Angiography

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Effect of Mechanical Vibrations on Human Body

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World Journal of Mechanics 2016年第9期6卷 273-304页

作者： Mohammad AlShabi walaa Araydah Hani ElShatarat Mohammad Othman Mohammed Bani Younis Stephen Andrew Gadsden Mechanical Engineering Department University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Mechatronics Engineering Philadelphia University Philadelphia PA USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Jordan University of Science and Technology Al Ramtha Jordan Department of Computer Engineering Philadelphia University Philadelphia PA USA School of Engineering University of Guelph Guelph Ontario Canada

Mechanical vibrations cause forces that affect human bodies. One of the most common positions for human bodies is the seated position. In this work, mathematical models of the seated human body are investigated and simulated in a Simulink/ MATLAB environment. In addition, segments of the human body are studied and models are developed and built by using Simulink/MATLAB. As part of this work, model analysis and state-space methods are used in order to check and validate the results obtained from the simulations. Two types of forces are used to test the whole seated human body under low frequency citation. The first is a sinusoidal wave signal based on literature, and the second is an impulse function. The effects of mechanical vibration on the head and lumbar are studied as these parts of the human body are usually the most effected areas. Kinematic states of the head segment and lumbar are considered. The characteristics of the vibration response on the two segments are also obtained. In addition to the me-chanical vibrations study, this paper is a resource for the development and implementation of models in the Simulink/MATLAB environment.

关键词： Vibration Human Body MATLAB State-Space

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