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Neuromodulation for fecal incontinence: An effective surgical intervention

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第41期19卷 7048-7054页

作者： Giuseppe Chiarioni Olafur S Palsson Corrado r Asteria william E Whitehead Division of Gastroenterology of the University of Verona Valeggio s/M HospitalAzienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di Verona37067 Valeggio sul MincioVeronaItaly Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Center for Functional Gastrointestinal and Motility Disorders University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27516United States Department of Surgery and Orthopedics General Surgery UnitAzienda Ospedaliera Carlo Poma di MantovaAsola General Hospital46041 AsolaMantovaItaly

Fecal incontinence is a disabling symptom with medical and social implications,including fear,embarrassment,isolation and even *** patients live in seclusion and have to plan their life around the symptom,with secondary impairment of their quality of *** management and biofeedback therapy are reported to benefit a good percentage of those ***,surgery must be considered in the nonresponder ***,sacral nerve electrostimulation,lately named neuromodulation,has been reported to benefit patients with fecal incontinence in randomized controlled trials more than placebo stimulation and conservative management,by some unknown *** is a minimally invasive procedure with a low rate of adverse events and apparently favorable cost-efficacy *** review is intended to expand knowledge about this effective intervention among the non-surgically skilled community who deals with this disabled group of patients.

关键词： Fecal incontinence Neuromodulation Sacral nerve stimulation Biofeedback Anal sphincter

Cell signaling associated with internalization of 67 kDa laminin receptor (67Lr) by soluble laminin and its implication for protection against neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural regeneration research 2019年第9期14卷 1513-1514页

作者： rayudu Gopalakrishna Narayan r.Bhat Sarah Zhou william J.Mack Department of Integrative Anatomical Sciences Keck School of MedicineLos AngelesCAUSA Department of Neurological Surgery Keck School of MedicineLos AngelesCAUSA Department of Neuroscience Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSCUSA

Various isoforms of laminins are present in the basement membranes complexed with other structural *** the central nervous system(CNS),they are primarily localized to the basement membranes of blood vessels and reactive *** amounts of various laminin isoforms are also associated with neuronal cell bodies and axons,which are referred to as“neuronal”laminins(Yamamoto et al.,1988).They exist in a soluble form,free from other basement membrane *** either produce these soluble laminins or acquire them from astroglial *** stimulates neuritogenesis and confers neuroprotection in vitro,but their exact role of these neuronal soluble laminins in the CNS is yet unknown.

关键词： Various isoforms basement membranes confers neuroprotection

Free vibration and transient response of double curved beams connected by intermediate straight beams

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 37-62页

作者： r.A.JAFArI-TALOOKOLAEI H.GHANDVAr E.JUMAEV S.KHATIr T.CUONG-LE School of Mechanical Engineering Babol Noshirvani University of Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering New Uzbekistan University University of Business and Science Center for Engineering Application and Technology Solutions Ho Chi Minh City Open University

This paper investigates the free vibration and transient response of interconnected structures including double curved beams and intermediate straight beams,which are all constructed from functionally graded porous(FGP) materials. The strain potential and kinetic energies of each beam along with the work done by the external force are calculated. Additionally, a higher-order beam element is introduced to derive stiffness and mass matrices, along with the force vector. The curved and straight beams are discretized, and their assembled stiffness, mass matrices, and force vectors, are *** conditions at the joints are used to derive the total matrices of the entire structure. Subsequently, the natural frequencies and transient response of the system are determined. The accuracy of the mathematical model and the self-developed computer program is validated through the comparison of the obtained results with those of the existing literature and commercial software ANSYS, demonstrating excellent ***, a comprehensive study is conducted to investigate the effects of various parameters on the free vibration and transient response of the considered structure.

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regional features of topographic relief over the Loess Plateau,China:evidence from ensemble empirical mode decomposition

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2020年第4期14卷 695-710页

作者： Yongjuan Liu Jianjun Cao Liping Wang Xuan Fang Wolfgang wagner School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou221116China School of Geography Science/Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment of Ministry of Education Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing210023China School of Environmental Science Nanjing Xiaozhuang UniversityNanjing211171China Department of Geodesy and Geoinformation Vienna University of TechnologyVienna1040Austria

Landforms with similar surface matter compositions,endogenic and exogenic forces,and development histories tend to exhibit significant degrees of self-similarity in morphology and spatial *** loess hill-gully areas,ridges and hills have similar topographic relief characteristics and present nearly periodic variations of similar repeating structures at certain spatial scales,which is termed the topographic relief period(TrP).This is a relatively new concept,which is different from the degree of relief,and describes the fluctuations of the terrain from both horizontal and vertical(cross-section)perspectives,which can be used for in-depth analysis of 2-D topographic relief *** technique provides a new perspective for understanding the macro characteristics and differentiation patterns of loess *** investigate TrP variation features of different landforms on the Loess Plateau,China,by extracting catchment boundary profiles(CBPs)from 5 m resolution digital elevation model(DEM)*** profiles were subjected to temporal-frequency analysis using the ensemble empirical mode decomposition(EEMD)*** results showed that loess landforms are characterized by significant regional topographic relief;the CBP of 14 sample areas exhibited an overall pattern of decreasing TrPs and increasing topographic relief spatial frequencies from south to *** to the TrPs and topographic relief characteristics,the topographic relief of the Loess Plateau was divided into four types that have obvious regional *** findings of this study enrich the theories and methods for digital terrain data analysis of the Loess *** study should undertake a more in-depth investigation regarding the complexity of the region and to address the limitations of the EEMD method.

关键词： catchment boundary profile topographic relief period ensemble empirical mode decomposition Loess Plateau

Absence of high amplitude propagating contractions in subjects with chronic spinal cord injury

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第43期16卷 5435-5439页

作者： Hanumantha r Ancha Noel r Fajardo william A Bauman Alan S rosman Marinella Galea Graham Creasey Mark A Korsten rehabilitation research and Development Center of Excellence for Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury James J. Peters VA Medical Center Medical Service James J. Peters VA Medical Center Department of Medicine Mount Sinai School of Medicine Department of rehabilitation Medicine Mount Sinai School of Medicine Spinal Cord Injury Service James J. Peters VA Medical Center Spinal Cord Injury Service VA Medical Center

AIM: To investigate the presence or absence of high amplitude propagating contractions (HAPC), as well as the other measures of colonic motility, in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI). METHODS: Prolonged colonic ambulatory manometric studies were performed on 14 male volunteers: 8 with SCI (mean age, 59 ± 13 years; mean duration of injury, 13 ± 4 years) and 6 healthy able-bodied controls (mean age, 57 ± 10 years). A solid-state manometry catheter was endoscopically clipped to the splenic flexure. recording was performed for > 24 h after manometric catheter placement. rESULTS: HAPC were absent in individuals with SCI during pre-sleep, sleep, and post-sleep phases. HAPC were significantly increased after awakening in non-SCI controls (0.8 ± 0.2 HAPC/h vs 10.5 ± 2.0 HAPC/h, P r in those with SCI than in controls preand post-sleep (SCI vs non-SCI: Pre-sleep, 2.4 ± 0.4 vs 8.8 ± 1.9, P r, a sleepinduced depression of colonic motility was observed in both the SCI and non-SCI groups (Pre-sleep vs Sleep, non-SCI: 8.8 ± 1.9 vs 2.1 ± 0.9, P ring sleep not significantly different than that of the controls. CONCLUSION: HAPC were not observed in individuals with SCI preor post-sleep. A sleep-induced depression in general colonic motility was evident in SCI and control subjects.

关键词： Spinal cord injury Neurogenic bowel Bowel motility High amplitude propagating contractions Motility index

Organic petrographic and mineralogical composition of the No. 6 coal seam of the Soutpansberg Coalfield, South Africa: Insights into paleovegetation and depositional environment

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2024年第3期11卷 190-207页

作者： Sanki Biswas Nicola J.wagner Ofentse M.Moroeng DSI-NrF CIMErA/PPM research Group Department of GeologyUniversity of JohannesburgJohannesburgSouth Africa

This study investigates the paleodepositional conditions of the No.6 Seam of the Madzaringwe Formation in Makhado and Voorburg south area of the Soutpansberg Coalfield(Limpopo Province,South Africa)utilizing organic petrography and inorganic geochemical *** coals are predominantly high-volatile bituminous B-A rank with high ash yields(avg.36.1 wt%),characterized by high-vitrinite(~41.5 vol%),moderate-to-high inertinite(9.8 vol%–33.7 vol%)and low liptinite(~2.3 vol%).The distribution of inertinite varies among different coal horizons(from bottom-lower to middle-upper),suggesting differential oxidation conditions and/or paleofire ***-to-inertinite(V/I)ratio,tissue preservation–gelification index(TPI–GI),and groundwater–vegetation index(GWI–VI)plots,indicate that the peat-forming forest-swamp vegetation accumulated under mesotrophic-to-rheotrophic hydrological *** presence of structured macerals(i.e.,telinite,collotelinite,fusinite,and semifusinite)suggests well-preserved plant tissues,whereas framboidal pyrite and sulphur content(0.24 wt%–2.16 wt%)point to brackish-water influence at the peat *** coals contain quartz,kaolinite,siderite,muscovite,dolomite,calcite,and pyrite minerals,most of which were likely sourced from felsic igneous *** Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)and(Fe+Mn)/Ti ratios for the studied samples range between 0.24–0.97 and 0.57–70.10,*** ratios,Al–Fe–Mn plot,and presence of massive botryoidal-type pyrite imply some influence of meteoric waters or fluids from hydrothermal activity ***,the chemical index of alteration(CIA:98.25–99.67),chemical index of weathering(CIW:92.04–97.66),and A–CN–K ternary diagram suggest inorganic matter suffered strong chemical weathering,indicating warm paleoclimatic conditions during the coal formation.

关键词： Macerals Coal facies Geochemical-indices Hydrothermal Madzaringwe formation Soutpansberg Coalfield

rethinking the definition of the word‘map’:an evaluation of Beck’s representation of the London Underground through a qualitative expert survey

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2015年第7期8卷 522-537页

作者： william Cartwright School of Mathematical and Geospatial Sciences RMIT UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia

This paper reports on the results from a qualitative expert survey of members of the international geospatial community to elicit their view of Henry(Harry)Beck’s iconic 1931 representation of the London *** begins by providing a background to the publishing era when Beck’s representation was developed under the‘umbrella’of the design style adopted by the London Passenger Transport Board to promote the image of‘the new’and contemporary *** then outlines Beck’s representation and his quest to develop a clearer and more understandable graphic information *** is followed by an overview of representative views from the design community about Beck’s ***,it provides the results of research undertaken with an informed international cartographic community to determine whether they viewed the product as a map or a *** is important to understand how Beck’s representation is viewed from the perspective of the geospatial *** it works as a map,albeit one where geography is generally abandoned,relative positions are favoured over the absolute and azimuth is distorted,then the view that successful(geo)communication artefacts must be linked to map designs that focus on precise and true representations of geographic information can be questioned.

关键词： maps diagrams design

Metal-assisted chemical etching of silicon and the behavior of nanoscale silicon materials as Li-ion battery anodes

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Nano research 2015年第5期8卷 1395-1442页

作者： william McSweeney Department of Chemistry University College Cork Cork Ireland Department of Physics and Energy University of Limerick Limerick Ireland Materials and Surface Science Institute University of Limerick Limerick Ireland Micro & Nanoelectronics Centre Tyndall National Institute Lee Maltings Cork Ireland

This review outlines the developments and recent progress in metal-assisted chemical etching of silicon, summarizing a variety of fundamental and innovative processes and etching methods that form a wide range of nanoscale silicon structures. The use of silicon as an anode for Li-ion batteries is also reviewed, where factors such as film thickness, doping, alloying, and their response to reversible lithiation processes are summarized and discussed with respect to battery cell performance. recent advances in improving the performance of silicon-based anodes in Li-ion batteries are also discussed. The use of a variety of nanostructured silicon structures formed by many different methods as Li-ion battery anodes is outlined, focusing in particular on the influence of mass loading, core-shell structure, conductive additives, and other parameters. The influence of porosity, dopant type, and doping level on the electrochemical response and cell performance of the silicon anodes are detailed based on recent findings. Perspectives on the future of silicon and related materials, and their compositional and structural modifications for energy storage via several electrochemical mechanisms, are also provided.

关键词： silicon Li-ion battery nanostructures nanowires electrochemistry energy storage etching

Particulate matter emissions and gaseous air toxic pollutants from commercial meat cooking operations

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第3期30卷 162-170页

作者： Nicholas Gysel william A.Welch Chia-Li Chen Poornima Dixit David r.Cocker Ⅲ Georgios Karavalakis Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of CaliforniaRiverside Center for Environmental research and Technology University of CaliforniaRiverside

This study assessed the effectiveness of three novel control technologies for particulate matter（PM） and volatile organic compound（VOC） removal from commercial meat cooking operations. All experiments were conducted using standardized procedures at University of California, riverside＇s commercial test cooking facility. PM mass emissions collected using South Coast Air Quality Management District（SCAQMD） Method 5.1, as well as a dilution tunnel-based PM method showed statistically significantly reductions for each control technology when compared to baseline testing（i.e., without a catalyst）. Overall, particle number emissions decreased with the use of control technologies, with the exception of control technology 2（CT2）, which is a grease removal technology based on boundary layer momentum transfer（BLMT） theory. Particle size distributions were unimodal with CT2 resulting in higher particle number populations at lower particle diameters. Organic carbon was the dominant PM component（ 99%） for all experiments. Formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were the most abundant carbonyl compounds and showed reductions with the application of the control technologies. Some reductions in mono-aromatic VOCs were also observed with CT2 and the electrostatic precipitator（ESP） CT3 compared to the baseline testing.

关键词： Charbroiled meat cooking Particulate emissions Particle number Carbonyl compounds VOCs