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Recovery of oil and free fatty acids from spent bleaching earth using sub-critical water technology supported with kinetic and thermodynamic study

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2014年第3期5卷 261-272页

作者： Rehab Abdel Fattah N. A. Mostafa.mohamed S. Mahmoud wael Abdelmoez Chemical Engineering Ddepartment Minia University Minia Egypt Faculty of Aapplied Mmedical Sscience Taif Uni-versity Taif KSA

This work represents the extraction of oil with high free fatty acid content from spent bleaching earth using sub-critical water technology as a greener production pathway. The extraction efficiencies under different conditions were investigated. The studied parameters include temperatures in the range of 180 to 270°C, the feed to solventfeed-to-solvent (in this case water) ratio (1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 and 1:5) and extraction times in the range of 5-60 minutes. The results showed that the optimum temperature, feed to solventfeed-to-solvent ratio, and extraction time were 270°C, 1:3, and 20 minutes, respectively. In another experiment, the extracted free fatty acids were converted into mono-, di-, and triglycerides through esterification with glycerol to increase the value added of the extracted products. The kinetics of the extraction process was found to be corresponding to an irreversible consecutive unimolecular-type first order reaction, consisting of the extraction step followed by the decomposition reaction step. Both reaction rates of extraction and decomposition were estimated using the reaction rate equations utilizing the nonlinear regression method. The apparent activation energy was calculated to be 46.1 kJ·mol-1. This result indicates a diffusion controlled reaction. For more exploration and deep understanding of the extraction mechanism, other thermodynamic parameters were also calculated and analyzed including,ΔH#, ΔS#, and ΔG# of the extraction step.

关键词： Spent Bleaching Earth Sub-Critical Water Technology Kinetics of Extraction Thermodynamic Parameters

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Endometrial Scratch-Suction and Implantation Failure

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2014年第5期4卷 217-227页

作者： wael S. Nossair Manal M. El Behery mohamed Al S. Farag Department of Obsteterics and Gynaecology Faculty of Medicine Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt

Objective: The aim of this trial was to determine whether endometrial scratch-suction caused by insertion tube of (IUCD) with suction improved the probability of pregnancy in the subsequent IVF cycle in patients who had previous failed IVF outcome by removing small polyps and any hazardous materials. Design: Observational prospective cohort experimental study. Setting: Zagazig University Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology department. From period between September 2011 till September 2012. Population: 30 patients with previous failed IVF despite transfer of goodquality embryos were allocated to endometrial scratch-suction in the same the cycle of embryo transfer. Methods: From day 5 to day 7 of same ICSI cycle, the patients in study underwent endometrial scratch-suction technique. After preparation of insertion tube of (IUCD) and infant feeding tube 8 F, moving the insertion tube of IUCD from below upwards with scratching anterior uterine wall, then posterior, then left lateral uterine wall, then right lateral uterine wall, then fundus, all these steps are associated with suction by attaching proximal end of infant feeding tube 8 F to suction apparatus. Main Outcome Measures: Implantation and clinical pregnancy rates. Results: The implantation occurred in 24/30 (80%). The clinical pregnancy occurred in 20/30 patients (66.66%). 12/30 patients (40%) during scratch-suction technique had small fleshy masses obstructing suction tube which were small endometrial polyps. Conclusions: Endometrial scratch-suction improves clinical pregnancy and implantation rates in the same IVF-ET cycle in patients with previous unsuccessful IVF cycles.

关键词： Endometrial Scratch-Suction IVF/ICSI Endometrial Polyps Chemical Pregnancy Clinical Pregnancy

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Free-space optical channel characterization in a coastal environment

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Journal of Communications and Information Networks 2017年第4期2卷 100-106页

作者： wael G.Alheadary Ki-Hong Park Boon S.Ooi mohamed-Slim Alouini Computer Electricaland Mathematical Sciences and Engineering(CEMSE)DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal23955-6900Saudi Arabia

Recently,FSO(Free-Space Optical Communication)has received a lot of attention thanks to its high data-rate transmission via unbounded unlicensed ***,some weather conditions lead to significant degradation of the FSO link *** on this context and in order to have a better understanding of the capabilities of FSO communication in a coastal environment,the effects of temperature and humidity on an FSO system are investigated in this *** experiment is conducted using an open source FSO system that achieves a transmission rate of 1 Gbit/s at a distance of 70 *** new mathematical models are proposed to represent the effects of temperature and humidity on our developed FSO system operating at a wavelength of 1550 *** first model links the FSO attenuation coefficient to the air temperature in coastal regions,while the second model links the FSO attenuation coefficient to the humidity and the dew-point *** key finding of this study is that FSO links can achieve maximum availability in a coastal city with normal variations in temperature and humidity.

关键词： FSO optical systems relative humidity temperature channel characterization attenuation coefficient

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Anterolateral Approach for Unstable Lumbar Burst Fracture with Anterior Compression

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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2018年第2期8卷 201-214页

作者： wael A. Hammad mohamed A. Barania Islam M. Alaghory Ahmed M. El Sherif Department of Neurosurgery Al-Azhar University Hospitals Cairo Egypt

Background: Lumbar burst fractures are common spinal injuries that cause severe instability with kyphotic deformities and neurological complications requiring surgical decompression and reconstruction with spinal instrumentation for unstable burst fracture, but there is controversy about the optimal surgical approach anterior, posterior or combined approach. Objectives: To assess the efficacy & safety of anterolateral approach in decompression and reconstruction with spinal instrumentation for lumbar burst fractures. Subjects & Methods: A retrospective study including 16 patients, 10 males and 6 females with lumbar burst fractures and anterior compression treated operatively by anterolateral approach for corpectomy and single level fusion by using expandable cage or mesh cage loaded with bone graft and plat with screws. The clinical and radiological follow up after discharge from the hospital ranged from 12 to 24 months. Results: All patients improved regarding the Frankel score more than one grade after surgery, except 2 cases of grade A didn’t improve. Mean preoperative visual analogue scale was 7.4 improving to 0.9 postoperatively. The mean Local kyphosis improved from 8.8° before surgery to -1° after surgery. Conclusions: Anterolateral approach is feasible, effective, and safe approach for unstable lumbar burst fractures. Angular deformity is successfully corrected when the anterior approach is used.

关键词： Burst Fracture

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Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin(NGAL)and serum cystatin C measurements for early diagnosis of acute kidney injury in children admitted to PICU

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2018年第2期14卷 134-142页

作者： Jameela Abdulaziz Kari mohamed Ahmed Shalaby Kholoud Sofyani Ahmad Saleh Sanad Albaraa Fuad Ossra Rayan Smeer Halabi Maha Hassan Aljuhani wael Mohammad Toffaha Feras Aymen Moria Samar Sabry Hanan AbdelAziz Ahmed Khalid Abdulaziz Alhasan Sara Sharief Osama Safdar Pediatric Nephrology Center of Excellence and Department of Pediatrics King Abdulaziz University80215Jeddah 21589Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Department of PediatricsKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahKingdom of Saudi Arabia Pediatric Department Cairo UniversityGizaEgypt Department of Pediatrics College of MedicineKing Khalid University HospitalKing Saud UniversityRiyadhKingdom of Saudi Arabia

Background Acute kidney injury(AKI)is common in critically ill children with significant mortality and *** creatinine is an insensitive and late biomarker compared to newly proposed AKI *** Prospective study in pediatric intensive care unit(PICU)over three months to compare between serum cystatin-C(s-Cys-C)and urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin(uNGAL)as AKI biomarkers at multiple time points with pediatric risk,injury,failure,loss,end-stage renal disease(pRIFLE)classification in diagnosing *** Forty children were *** these 40 children,22 developed AKI according to pRIFLE *** was no significant difference between AKI and non-AKI in age(P=0.29).Post cardiac surgery,renal insult was the main cause of AKI(27.3%).There was a twofold increased risk of incident AKI in those patients with high baseline uNGAL at PICU admission and almost a fourfold increased risk in patients with high baseline s-Cys-C at PICU *** levels were highly predictive of AKI during the follow-up period[area under the curve(AUC)=0.76,95%confidence interval(CI)0.61-0.92].The cutoff point with the highest correctly classified proportion was 223 ng/mL(≥12 centiles)which correctly predict 80.0%patients with AKI,with a corresponding sensitivity of 72.7%and a specificity of 89.9%.AUC for s-Cys-C was 0.86(95%CI 0.75-0.97),and the highest correctly classified proportion was 1009μg/L(≥13 centiles);75%of patients with AKI,with a corresponding sensitivity of 63.6%and a specificity of 88.9%.Conclusion uNGAL and s-Cys-C predicts AKI early in critically ill children.

关键词： Acute kidney injury Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin Serum cystatin C

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Twist Drill Evacuation of Chronic Subdural Hematoma in Comorbid Patients

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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2019年第4期9卷 379-392页

作者： Salma R. Abdel-Hamid Radwan Nouby wael M. A. Al-Ghani mohamed A. Ragaee Neurosurgery Department Assuit University Hospital Assuit Egypt

Chronic Subdural Hematoma (CSDH) is one of the most common types of intracranial hemorrhage, and the prognosis is good if treated properly. The standard treatment for CSDH is surgical evacuation. Various surgical procedures are used such as burr holes evacuation, twist-drill craniostomy, and craniotomy. Our aim is to evaluate the feasibility and safety of twist dill as a first-choice treatment in evacuation of CSDH in comorbid patients. Methods: This study is a prospective analysis of CSDH evacuation using two twist drill craniostomy holes and irrigation conducted on 21 patients with different comorbidities in Assuit University Hospital between May 2017 and May 2018. Results: The overall postoperative clinical improvement was 95.2%. The operative time was less than 10 minutes in 71.4% of the patients. 4 patients showed residual collection in the post-operative CT (19%). Pneumocephaly was detected in 2 patients (9.5%). Postoperative seizures occurred in 2 patients (9.5%), and subarachnoid hemorrhage was detected in one patient (4.7%). Conclusion: This approach is a new modification of twist drill craniostomy which can decrease the postoperative residual and recurrence rates and also still a minimally invasive and lifesaving technique in patients with different comorbidities.

关键词： Chronic Subdural Hematoma Twist Drill Craniostomy Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery

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Powder Metallurgical Fabrication and Microstructural Investigations of Aluminum/Steel Functionally Graded Material

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2011年第12期2卷 1708-1718页

作者： Mahmoud M. Nemat-Alla Moataz H. Ata.mohamed R. Bayoumi wael Khair-Eldeen 不详

Aluminum/steel electric transition joints (ETJs) are used in aluminum reduction cell for the purpose of welding aluminum rod and steel bracket components. Solid state welding process used for joining aluminum and steel at the electric transition joints have the drawbacks of cracking and separation at the interface surfaces. Cracking and separation at the electric transition joints are caused by the stress singularities that developed due to the mismatch in thermal and mechanical properties of each material. To overcome the drawback of electric transition joints, aluminum/steel functionally graded may be used as electric transition joints or proposed. Therefore manufacturing and investigation of aluminum/steel functionally graded materials fabricated by powder metallurgy process were carried out through the current work. Different samples with different layers of aluminum/steel functionally graded materials were compacted using steel die and punch at the same compacted pressure and sintered temperature. After investigating the different samples of aluminum/steel functionally graded materials under different fabrication conditions, the suitable fabrication regime was determined with the aid of microscopic observations.

关键词： Powder Metallurgy Functionally Graded Materials Aluminum/Steel Electric Transition Joint Microstructural Investigations

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A New Thioamide Derivative for Separation and Preconcentration of Multi Elements in Aquatic Environment by Cloud Point Extraction

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2011年第6期2卷 697-709页

作者： mohamed M. Hassanien Ali M. Hassan wael I. Mortada Ahmed A. El-Asmy 不详

2-(pyridine-2-yl)-N-p-chlorohydrazinecarbothioamide (HCPTS) was synthesized, characterized and successfully applied for the preconcentration of Cu(II), Ni(II), Zn(II), Cd(II), Co(II), Pb(II), Fe(II), and Hg(II) in water, blood, and urine samples prior to graphite furnace atomic absorption determination (GFAAS);Hg was determined by cold vapor technique. Under the optimum experimental conditions (i.e. pH = 8, 10–4 M of HCPTS, 0.05% w/v of Triton X-114), calibration graphs were linear in the range of 0.02 to 200 ng?mL–1 for Co(II), Cd(II), Pb(II) and Ni(II);0.03 to 200 ng?mL–1 for Cu(II);0.07 to 200 ng?mL–1 for Fe(II) and Zn(II) and 0.02 to 150 ng?mL–1 for Hg(II). The enrichment factors were 43, 51, 41, 46, 54, 40, 45 and 52 for Cu(II), Ni(II),Zn (II), Cd(II), Co(II), Pb(II), Fe(II), and Hg(II), respectively. The limit of detection were found to be 0.019, 0.094, 0.0514, 0.052, 0.0165, 0.047, 0.068 and 0.041 ng?mL–1 for Cu(II), Ni(II), Zn(II), Cd(II), Co(II), Pb(II), Fe(II), and Hg(II), respectively. The developed method was applied to the determination of these metal ions in water, blood and urine samples with satisfactory results.

关键词： Heavy Metals Preconcentration Cloud Point Extraction 2-(Pyridine-2-Yl)-N-P-Chlorohydrazinecarbothioamide

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Effect of Fasting during Ramadan on Migraine Sufferers

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2013年第4期3卷 373-378页

作者： wael M. Gabr Enaase A. M. E. Barakat mohamed E. E. Shams Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine University of Mansoura Mansoura Egypt Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine University of Mansoura Mansoura Egypt Department of Pharmaceutics Faculty of Pharmacy University of Mansoura Mansoura Egypt

Background: Fasting during Ramadan in Muslim communities is distinct from regular voluntary or experimental fasting. Its consequent caffeine withdrawal, stress and low blood glucose level (hypoglycemia) may trigger headache in patients with migraine. Objectives: The main aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the Ramadan fasting on the frequency of migraine attacks among observant Muslim migraine sufferers. Material and Methods: This research study was based on fasting Muslims;both genders were aged between 18 and 65 years. Fifty migraineurs were selected, participated and gave consent at Internal Medicine and Neurology Clinics in Riyadh National Hospital, KSA. Those patients were recruited over three consecutive months of Ragab, Shaban and Ramadan during the period of 2010 and 2013. The effect of fasting and special eating pattern during the month of Ramadan compared with the preceding two months (Ragab and Shaban) was studied. The primary parameters used for comparisons were migraine attack count, duration of migraine attacks in days, attack duration and severity of the attacks. Results: Only forty three migraine sufferers completed the current study to the end, 4 patients of them were males (9.3%) and 39 were females (90.7%). They were aged between 18 and 44 years (Mean ± SD, 30.9 ± 6.9 years). Most of the fasting migraineurs during Ramadan were caffeine drinkers (n = 36, 83.7%), cigarette smokers (n = 2, 4.6%), overweight or obese (with BMI?> 25) n = 27, 62.8%), under stress (n = 29, 67.4%) and with low to moderate physical activities (No exercise) (n = 31, 72%). The worst time for the fasting individuals was afternoon between 2:00 PM to 4:30 PM because majority of them had headache during these hours. This study showed a significant reduction in migraine attack count, number of headache days, number of attacks with acute medication and total medication intake among migraineurs during the month of Ramadan compared with the two pre-Ramadan months. Howeve

关键词： Migraine Fasting Hypoglycemia Migraine in Ramadan

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Reversibility of minimal hepatic encephalopathy following liver transplantation in Egyptian cirrhotic patients

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World Journal of Hepatology 2016年第30期8卷 1279-1286页

作者： Mahmoud A Osman Moataz M Sayed Khaled A Mansour Shereen A Saleh Wesam A Ibrahim Sara M Abdelhakam mohamed Bahaa wael A Yousry Hosam S Elbaz Reginia N Mikhail Azza M Hassan Ehab H Elsayed Dalia A Mahmoud Department of Internal Medicine Hepatology and Gastroenterology Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University Department of Tropical Medicine Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University Department of Community Environmental and Occupational Medicine Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University Department of Internal Medicine Hepatology and Gastroenterology National Research Center Department of Neuropsychiatry Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University

AIM To evaluate the reversibility of minimal hepatic encephalopathy(MHE) following liver transplantation(LT) in Egyptian cirrhotic patients. METHODS This prospective study included twenty patients with biopsy-proven liver cirrhosis listed for LT and twenty ageand sex-matched healthy control subjects. All underwent neuro-psychiatric examination, laboratory investigations, radiological studies and psychometric tests including trail making test A(TMT A), TMT B, digit symbol test and serial dotting test. The psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score(PHES) was calculated for patients to diagnose MHE. Psychometric tests were repeated six months following LT in the cirrhotic patient group. RESULTS Before LT, psychometric tests showed highly significant deficits in cirrhotic patients in comparison to controls(P < 0.001). There was a statistically significant improvement in test values in the patient group after LT; however, their values were still significantly worse than those of the controls(P < 0.001). The PHES detected MHE in 16 patients(80%) before LT with a median value of -7 ± 3.5. The median PHES value was significantly improved following LT, reaching-4.5 ± 5(P < 0.001), and the number of patients with MHE decreased to 11(55%). The pre-transplant model for end-stage liver disease(MELD) score ≥ 15 was significantly related to the presence of post-transplant MHE(P = 0.005). More patients in whom reversal of MHE was observed had a pre-transplant MELD score < *** Reversal of MHE in cirrhotic patients could be achieved by LT, especially in those with a MELD score < 15.

关键词：肝移植为结束阶段肝疾病 20 当模特儿 Psychometric 测试最小的肝的 encephalopathy 肝硬化

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