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Evaluation of the energy budget of thermokarst lake in permafrost regions of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第4期15卷 636-646页

作者： Ze-Yong GAO Fu-Jun NIU Yi-Bo wANG Jing LUO guo-An YIN Yun-Hu SHANG Zhan-Ju LIN Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science and Frozen Soil Engineering Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of ScienceLanzhou 730000China College of Earth and Environment Science Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 73000China

Thermokarst lake formation accelerates permafrost degradation due to climate warming,thereby releasing significant amounts of carbon into the atmosphere,complicating hydrological cycles,and causing environmental ***,the energy transfer mechanism from the surface to the sediment of thermokarst lakes remains largely unexplored,thereby limiting our understanding of the magnitude and duration of biogeochemical processes and hydrological ***,herein,a typical thermokarst lake situated in the center of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP)was selected for observation and energy budget *** results showed that the net radiation of the thermokarst lake surface was 95.1,156.9,and 32.3 w m^(-2) for the annual,ice-free,and ice-covered periods,respectively,and was approximately 76%of the net radiation consumed by latent heat *** in heat storage in the thermokarst lake initially increased from January to April,then decreased from April to December,with a maximum change of 48.1 w m^(-2) in *** annual average heat fuxes from lake water to sediments were 1.4 w m^(-2);higher heat fluxes occurred during the ice-free season at a range of 4.9-12.0 w m^(-2).The imbalance between heat absorption and release in the millennium scale caused the underlying permafrost of the thermokarst lake to completely *** present,the ground temperature beneath the lake bottom at a depth of 15 m has reached 2.0℃.The temperatures and vapor-pressure conditions of air and lake surfaces control the energy budget of the thermokarst *** findings indicate that changes in the hydrologic regime shifts and biogeochemical processes are more frequent under climate warming and permafrost degradation.

关键词： Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Thermokarst lake Energy budget Permafrost degradation Hydrological cycle

The nodule-specific transcriptional repressor Top Hub 4 regulates nodule structure and nitrogen fixation capacity in soybean

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第1期51卷 96-99页

作者： Kui Ge Qi Lv Shengcai Chen Zhenhao guo Yaqi Peng Yimian Chen Shiyong Sun Xuelu wang College of Life Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei 430070China State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement School of Life SciencesHenan UniversityZhengzhouHenan 450046China The Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Henan UniversityZhengzhouHenan 450046China Sanya Institute of Henan University SanyaHainan 572025China

Most leguminous plants establish symbiotic relationships with rhizobia to form root organs called nodules(Ferguson et al.,2010).Nodules are specialized organs containing bacterial symbionts,which can provide enormous amounts of fixed nitrogen to their plant hosts(Peoples et al.,2009).Soybean(Glycine max),an economically important grain and oil crop,forms symbiotic nitrogen-fixing nodules,which reduces the demand for chemical nitrogen fertilizers and promotes yield(Saito et al.,2014).Nodule development is spatiotemporally regulated by the action of a number of transcription factors(TFs).

关键词： specialized organs soybean

ZrNiSn-based compounds with high thermoelectric performance and ultralow lattice thermal conductivity via introduction of multiscale scattering centers

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Journal of Materiomics 2024年第1期10卷 200-209页

作者： Ruonan Min Yanxia wang Xue Jiang Rongchun Chen Mingyang Li Huijun Kang Xiong Yang Zongning Chen Enyu guo Tongmin wang Key Laboratory of Solidification Control and Digital Preparation Technology(Liaoning Province) School of Materials Science and EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian116024China Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology Ningbo315000China Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser Ion and Electron Beams(Dalian University of Technology)Ministry of EducationDalian116024China

The high lattice thermal conductivity of half-Heuslers(HHs)restricts the further enhancement of their thermoelectric figure-of-merit(ZT).In this study,multiscale scattering centers,such as point defects,dislocations,and nanoprecipitates,are synchronously introduced in a n-type ZrNiSn-based HH matrix through Nb doping and Hf *** lattice thermal conductivity is substantially decreased from 4.55(for the pristine ZrNiSn)to 1.8 w·m^(−1)·K^(−1) at 1123 K via phonon scattering over a broad wavelength range through the adjustment of multiscale *** value is close to the theoretically estimated lowest thermal *** power factor(PF)is enhanced from 3.25(for the pristine ZrNiSn)to 5.01 mw·m^(−1)·K^(−2) for Zr_(0.66)Hf_(0.30)Nb_(0.04)NiSn at 1123 K owing to the donor doping and band regulation via Nb doping and Hf *** can be ascribed to the synergistic interaction between the lowering of the lattice thermal conductivity and retention of the high ***,a ZT value of as high as 1.06 is achieved for Zr_(0.66)Hf_(0.30)Nb_(0.04)NiSn at 1123 *** work demonstrates that these actions are effective in jointly manipulating the transport of electrons and phonons,thereby improving the thermoelectric performance through defect engineering.

关键词： Half-Heusler compounds Dislocation Lattice thermal conductivity Nano precipitated phase Mechanical properties

Coherent beam combining of two all‑PM thulium‑doped fiber chirped pulse amplifiers

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2024年第2期17卷 33-42页

作者： Bo Ren Hongxiang Chang Can Li Tao wang Kaikai Jin Jiayi Zhang Kun guo Rongtao Su Jinyong Leng Pu Zhou College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Nanhu Laser Laboratory National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of High Energy Laser Technology National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China

In this paper,we report a coherent beam combining(CBC)system that involves two thulium-doped all-polarization maintaining(PM)fiber chirped pulse *** phase-locking the two channels via a fiber stretcher by using the stochastic parallel gradient descent(SPGD)algorithm,a maximum average power of 265 w is obtained,with a CBC efficiency of 81%and a residual phase error of λ/*** de-chirping by a pair of diffraction gratings,the duration of the combined laser pulse is compressed to 690 *** into account the compression efficiency of 90%and the main peak energy proportion of 91%,the corresponding peak power is calculated to be 4 *** laser noise characteristics before and after CBC are examined,and the results indicate that the CBC would degrade the low frequency relative intensity noise(RIN),of which the integration is 1.74%in[100 Hz,2 MHz]at the maximum combined output *** addition,the effects of the nonlinear spectrum broadening during chirped pulse amplification on the CBC efficiency are also investigated,showing that a higher extent of pulse stretching is effective in alleviating the spectrum broadening and realizing a higher output power with decent combining efficiency.

关键词： Coherent beam combining Thulium-doped fiber laser High-average power Chirped pulse amplifier

Synthesis,Structure and Chemical Bonding of Polyantimony Clusters Containing Coinage Metals[M_(2)Sb_(14)]^(4-)(M=Cu,Ag)

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第6期42卷 617-622页

作者： wei-Xing Chen Yu-He Xu Cui-Cui wang Lei Qiao Zi-Yan guo wen-Juan Tian Zhong-Ming Sun State Key Laboratory of Element-Organic Chemistry Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and ApplicationsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNankai UniversityTianjin300350 China Institute of Molecular Science Shanxi UniversityTaiyuanShanxi030006 China

Binary polyantimony clusters,namely[Cu_(2)Sb_(14)]^(4–) and [Ag_(2)Sb_(14)]^(4–),containing coinage metals,were successfully synthesized and characterized,in which two homoatomic Sb73–subunits are bridged by two coinage metals in η^(4):η^(1) and η^(1):η^(1) coordination modes,***[M_(2)Sb_(14)]^(4-),two bridging Cu ions and two Sb atoms form a planar rhombic unit,which was revealed to have antiaromatic properties by theoretical *** electron structure and bonding analysis confirmed the presence of delocalized bonds in the rhombic unit and the metallophilic interaction between two formal M^(+) ions.

关键词： Polyantimony cluster Copper Silver Antiaromaticity Metallophilic interaction Quantum chemical calculations

Palmitoleic acid on top of HFD ameliorates insulin resistance independent of diacylglycerols and alters gut microbiota in C57BL/6J mice

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Food Science and Human wellness 2024年第2期13卷 856-868页

作者： Qijian Liang Yan Zheng Fanli Meng Xiaofan Jiang Qingcai Zhen Zhongting Lu Shixiu Zhang Lei Du Hao wu Xin guo Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene School of Public HealthCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan 250012China Research Center of Translational Medicine Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityJinan 250013China Department of Hepatology Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan 250012China Institute of Hepatology Shandong UniversityJinan 250012China

with the prevalence of obesity and obesity-related metabolic syndrome,such as insulin resistance in recent years,it is urgent to explore effective interventions to prevent the progression of obesity-related metabolic *** acid is a monounsaturated fatty acid that is available from dietary sources,mainly derived from marine products.P almitoleic acid plays a positive role in maintaining glucose homeostasis and reducing ***,it is still unknow the mechanism of palmitoleic acid in ameliorating insulin ***,we investigated the effects of palmitoleic acid on chow diet(CD)-fed and high-fat diet(HFD)-fed mice,which were fed CD or HFD for 12 weeks before *** administrated mice with BSA(control),oleic acid,or palmitoleic acid for 6 weeks on top of CD or HFD *** found that palmitoleic acid only improved glucose homeostasis in HFD-fed obese mice by increasing glucose clearance and reducing *** study explored that palmitoleic acid changed the composition of gut microbiota by decreasing Firmicutes population and increasing Bacteroidetes *** colon,palmitoleic acid increased intestinal tight junction integrity and reduced ***,palmitoleic acid decreased macrophage infiltration in liver and adipose tissue and increase glucose uptake in adipose ***(DAG)in tissue(for example,liver)is found to positively correlated with *** enhanced the levels of DAGs in liver but not in adipose tissue in this *** acid did not reverse the high DAG levels induced by HFD in ***,in HFD-fed mice,palmitoleic acid reduced insulin resistance by an independent-manner of *** might be associated with the beneficial effects of palmitoleic acid on altering the gut microbiota composition,improving of intestinal barrier function,and downregulating the inflammation in colon,liver,and adipose tissue.

关键词： Palmitoleic acid High fat diet Insulin resistance Gut microbiota

Activation of stress-response genes by retrograde signaling-mediated destabilization of nuclear importin IMPα-9 and its interactor TPR2

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Molecular Plant 2024年第6期17卷 884-899页

作者： Liping Zeng Maria Fernanda Gomez Mendez Jingzhe guo Jishan Jiang Bailong Zhang Hao Chen Brandon Le Haiyan Ke Katayoon Dehesh Department of Botany and Plant Sciences Institute of Integrative Genome BiologyUniversity of CaliforniaRiversideRiversideCA 92521USA School of Medicine University of CaliforniaRiversideRiversideCA 92521USA

Stress-induced retrograde signal transmission from the plastids to the nucleus has long puzzled plant *** address this,we performed a suppressor screen of the ceh1 mutant,which contains elevated 2-C-methyl-d-erythritol-2,4-cyclopyrophosphate(MEcPP)levels,and identified the gain-of-function mutant impα-9,which shows reversed dwarfism and suppressed expression of stress-response genes in the ceh1 background despite heightened *** genetic and biochemical analyses established that the accumulation of MEcPP initiates an upsurge in Arabidopsis SKP1-like 1(ASK1)abundance,a pivotal component in the proteasome degradation *** increase in ASK1 prompts the degradation of IMPα-***,we uncovered a protein-protein interaction between IMPα-9 and TPR2,a transcriptional co-suppressor and found that a reduction in IMPα-9 levels coincides with a decrease in TPR2 ***,the interaction between IMPα-9 and TPR2 was disrupted in impα-9 mutants,highlighting the critical role of a single amino acid alteration in maintaining their *** of their interaction results in the reversal of MEcPP-associated *** immunoprecipitation coupled with sequencing analyses revealed that TPR2 binds globally to stress-response genes and suggested that IMPα-9 associates with the *** function together to suppress the expression of stress-response genes under normal conditions,but this suppression is alleviated in response to stress through the degradation of the suppressing *** biological relevance of our discoveries was validated under high light stress,marked by MEcPP accumulation,elevated ASK1 levels,IMPα-9 degredation,reduced TPR2 abundance,and subsequent activation of a network of stress-response *** summary,our study collectively unveils fresh insights into plant adaptive mechanisms,highlighting intricate interactions among retrograde signaling,the proteasome,and nuclear transport machinery.

关键词： plastidial retrograde signal MEcPP ASK1 impα-9 TPR2

An Efficient Probe for Bacterial Nitroreductase Imaging and Detection Based on NanoLuc-Furimazine Bioluminescent Pair

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第12期42卷 1373-1380页

作者： Ximeng Shi Yumeng wang Jiaoyang Yu Yating Yang Zecheng Jin Hanghang wang Dalei wu wei Chen Jianming guo Yinan Zhang Jiangsu Key LaboratoryforFunctional Substances of Chinese Medicine School of PharmacyNanjing Universityof Chinese MedicineNanjingJiangsu210023China Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization School of PharmacyNanjing University of ChineseMedicineNanjingJiangsu210023China Clinical Research Center the Second Hospital of NanjingAffiliated Hospital to Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingJiangsu210003China Key Laboratory of Resources Biology and Biotechnology in western China Ministry of EducationCollege of Life SciencesNorthwestUniversityXi'anShaanxi710069China Helmholtz International Lab State Key Laboratoryof Microbial TechnologyShandong UniversityQingdaoShandong 266237China

Comprehensive SummaryThe detection of critical endogenous species, such as bacteria in microenvironments in the body, requires better imaging tools for visualization and monitoring of biological events. Bioluminescence imaging is the most popular strategy for obtaining real-time in living cells and organisms. Herein, we introduced a nitroaryl group on the C-3 position and a hydroxy group at the C-6 phenyl ring on furimazine to report the first bioluminescent probe (7) based on NanoLuc-furimazine bioluminescent pair for the detection of nitroreductase in bacteria. The probe, which possessed up to 560-fold intensity increase with a low detection limit of 16 ng/mL of nitroreductase, has the most efficient uncage efficiency in comparison with other bioluminescent congeners, thus enabling highly selective and sensitive visualization of NTR activity in a panel of clinical priority pathogens. Additionally, imaging of the recombinant strain as well as the NTR from mouse feces indicated the potential of this probe in the application of different mouse disease models.

关键词： Nitroreductase NanoLuc-furimazine Biosensors Analytical methods Luminescence Imaging agents

Structures and ion transport mechanisms of plant high-affinity potassium transporters

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Molecular Plant 2024年第3期17卷 409-422页

作者： Jiangqin wang Yanping Luo Fan Ye Zhong Jie Ding Shao Jian Zheng Shuai Qiao Yong wang Jiangtao guo wei Yang Nannan Su international Institutes of Medicine the Fourth Affiliated HospitalZhejang University School of MedicineYiwuZhejiang 322000China Department of Biophysics and Department of Neurology of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejang 310058China State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience College of Life SciencesZhejang UniversityHangzhouZhejang 310058China College of Life Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310058China NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine IntegrationSchool of Brain Science and Brain MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310058China Nanhu Brain-computer Interface Institute Hangzhou.Zheiang 311100.China

Plant high-affinity K^(+) transporters(HKTs)mediate Na^(+) and K^(+) uptake,maintain Na^(+)/K^(+) homeostasis,and therefore play crucial roles in plant salt *** this study,we present cryoelectron microscopy structures of HKTs from two classes,classI HKT1;1 from Arabidopsis thaliana(AtHKT1;1)and class II HKT2;1 from Triticum aestivum(TaHKT2;1),in both Na^(+) -and K^(+) -bound states at 2.6-to 3.0-A ***1;1and TaHKT2;1function *** HKT subunit consists of four tan-dem domain units(D1-D4)with a repeated K^(+) -channel-like M-P-M *** each subunit,D1-D4 assemble into an ion conduction pore with a pseudo-four-fold *** both TaHKT2;1and AtHKT1;1 have only one putative Na^(+) ion bound in the selectivity filter with a similar coordination pattern,the two HKTs display different K^(+) binding modes in the ***2;1 has three K^(+) ions bound in the selec-tivity filter,but AtHKT1;1 has only two K^(+) ions bound in the filter,which has a narrowed external entrance due to the presence of a Ser residue in the first filter *** structures,along with compu-tational,mutational,and electrophysiological analyses,enable us to pinpoint key residues that are critical for the ion selectivity of *** findings provide new insights into the ion selectivity and ion transport mechanisms of plant HKTs and improve our understanding about how HKTs mediate plant salt tolerance and enhance crop growth.

关键词： HKTs structure ion selectivity mechanism salt tolerance