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The new ichnotaxon Eubrontes nobitai ichnosp. nov. and other saurischian tracks from the Lower Cretaceous of Sichuan Province and a review of Chinese Eubrontes-type tracks

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2021年第3期10卷 302-320页

作者： Li-Da Xing martin G.Lockley Hendrik Klein Li-Jun Zhang Anthony Romilio w.Scott Persons IV Guang-Zhao Peng Yong Ye Miao-Yan wang State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China School of the Earth Sciences and Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China Dinosaur Trackers Research Group University of ColoradoDenver 80217USA Saurierwelt Paläontologisches Museum Alte Richt 7 D-92318 NeumarktGermany Institute of Resources and Environment Key Laboratory of Biogenic Traces and Sedimentary Minerals of Henan ProvinceCollaborative Innovation Center of Coalbed Methane and Shale Gas for Central Plains Economic RegionHenan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuo 454003Henan ProvinceChina School of Biological Sciences The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueensland 4072Australia Mace Brown Museum of Natural History Department of Geology and Environmental GeosciencesCollege of CharlestonCharleston 29401USA Zigong Dinosaur Museum Zigong 643013Sichuan ProvinceChina

The Jiaguan Formation and the underlying Feitianshan Formation(Lower Cretaceous) in Sichuan Province yield multiple saurischian(theropod–sauropod) dominated ichnofaunas. To date, a moderate diversity of six theropod ichnogenera has been reported, but none of these have been identified at the ichnospecies level. Thus, many morphotypes have common "generic" labels such as Grallator, Eubrontes, cf. Eubrontes or even "EubrontesMegalosauripus" morphotype. These morphotypes are generally more typical of the Jurassic, whereas other more distinctive theropod tracks(Minisauripus and Velociraptorichnus) are restricted to the Cretaceous. The new ichnospecies Eubrontes nobitai ichnosp nov. is distinguished from Jurassic morphotypes based on a very wellpreserved trackway and represents the first-named Eubrontes ichnospecies from the Cretaceous of Asia.

关键词： Ichnofossils Dinosaur footprints Theropod Myths

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STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION OF A wATERSHED-SCALE SEDIMENT INFORMATION NETwORK

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2007年第3期22卷 238-246页

作者： w. R. OSTERKAMP J. R. GRAY J. B. LARONNE J. R. martin Research Hydrologist National Research Program U. S. Geological Survey Tucson AZ USA 85745 Hydrologist Office of Surface Water U. S. Geological Survey Reston VA USA 20192 Prof. Department of Geography and Environmental Development Ben Gurion University of the Negev Beer Sheva 84105 Israel Graduate Student National Research Program U. S. Geological Survey Tucson AZ USA 85745

A "watershed-Scale Sediment Information Network" (waSSIN), designed to complement UNESCO’s International Sedimentation Initiative, was endorsed as an initial project by the world Association for Sedimentation and Erosion Research. waSSIN is to address global fluvial-sediment information needs through a network approach based on consistent protocols for the collection, analysis, and storage of fluvial-sediment and ancillary information at smaller spatial scales than those of the International Sedimentation Initiative. As a second step of implementation, it is proposed herein that the waSSIN have a general structure of two components, (1) monitoring and data acquisition and (2) research. Monitoring is to be conducted in small watersheds, each of which has an established database for discharge of water and suspended sediment and possibly for bed load, bed material, and bed topography. Ideally, documented protocols have been used for collecting, analyzing, storing, and sharing the derivative data. The research component is to continue the collection and interpretation of data, to compare those data among candidate watersheds, and to determine gradients of fluxes and processes among the selected watersheds. To define gradients and evaluate processes, the initial watersheds will have several common attributes. watersheds of the first group will be: (1) six to ten in number, (2) less than 1000 km2 in area, (3) generally in mid-latitudes of continents, and (4) of semiarid climate. Potential candidate watersheds presently include the weany Creek Basin, northeastern Australia, the Zhi Fanggou catchment, northern China, the Eshtemoa watershed, southern Israel, the Metsemotlhaba River Basin, Botswana, the Aiuaba Experimental Basin, Brazil, and the walnut Gulch Experimental watershed, southwestern United States.

关键词： Sediment information Monitoring system International sediment initiative waSSIN

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High-efficiencygenomeediting in plants mediated by a Cas9 gene containing multiple introns

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Plant Communications 2021年第2期2卷 63-77页

作者： Ramona Grützner Patrick martin Claudia Horn Samuel Mortensen Erin J.Cram Carolyn w.T.Lee-Parsons Johannes Stuttmann Sylvestre Marillonnet Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology Leibniz Institute of Plant BiochemistryWeinberg 306120 Halle(Saale)Germany Institute for Biology Department of Plant GeneticsMartin Luther University Halle-WittenbergWeinbergweg 1006120 Halle(Saale)Germany Department of Biology Northeastern UniversityBostonMAUSA Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Northeastern UniversityBostonMAUSA Department of Chemical Engineering Northeastern UniversityBostonMAUSA

The recent discovery of the mode of action of the CRISPR/Cas9 systemhas provided biologists with a useful tool for generating site-specific mutations in genes of *** plants,site-targeted mutations are usually obtained by the stable transformation of a Cas9 expression construct into the plant *** efficiency of introducing mutations in genes of interest can vary considerably depending on the specific features of the constructs,including the source and nature of the promoters and terminators used for the expression of the Cas9 gene and the guide RNA,and the sequence of the Cas9 nuclease *** optimize the efficiency of the Cas9 nuclease in generating mutations in target genes in Arabidopsis thaliana,we investigated several features of its nucleotide and/or amino acid sequence,including the codon usage,the number of nuclear localization signals(NLSs),and the presence or absence of *** found that the Cas9 gene codon usage had some effect on its activity and that two NLSs worked better than ***,the highest efficiency of the constructs was achieved by the addition of 13 introns into the Cas9 coding sequence,which dramatically improved the editing efficiency of the *** of the primary transformants obtained with a Cas9 gene lacking introns displayed a knockout mutant phenotype,whereas between 70%and 100%of the primary transformants generated with the intronized Cas9 gene displayed mutant *** intronized Cas9 gene was also found to be effective in other plants such as Nicotiana benthamiana and Catharanthus roseus.

关键词： CRISPR Cas9 targeted mutagenesis gene targeting

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On the deterring effect of a butterfly＇s eyespot in juvenile and sub-adult chickens

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Current Zoology 2015年第4期61卷 749-757页

作者： martin OLOFSSON Christer wIKLUND Anna FAVATI Department of Zoology Stockholm University SE-106 91 Stockholm Sweden School of Biology Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Thiruvananthapuram 695016 India

Circular patterns, or eyespots, are common anti-predator features in a variety of animals. Two defensive functions have been documented： large eyespots may intimidate predators, whereas smaller marginal eyespots may divert attacks. However, a given eyespot potentially serves both functions, possibly depending on the predator＇s size and/or experience. Naive predators are potentially more likely to misdirect their attacks towards eyespots; alternatively, their typically smaller size would make them more intimidated by the same eyespots. Here we test how juvenile and sub-adult naive chickens respond to a single eyespot on a butterfly＇s wing. we presented the birds with dead wall brown butterflies, Lasiommata megera, that had their apical eyespot visible or painted over. we assessed the birds＇ responses＇ by （i） scoring their intimidation reaction, （ii） whether they uttered alarm calls and, （iii） if they attacked the butterfly and where they targeted their attacks. Results show that both age categories received higher intimidation scores when offered a butterfly with a visible eyespot. Juveniles were more intimidated by the butterfly than the sub-adults： they received higher intimidation scores and were more prone to utter alarm calls. Moreover, only sub-adults at- tacked and did so by preferentially attacking the butterfly＇s anterior. we demonstrate an intimidating effect of the type of eyespot that has previously been shown only to divert attacks. we suggest that one and the same eyespot may serve two functions relative to different predators; however, further experiments are needed to disentangle the role of predator identity and its link to size, on- togeny and experience [Current Zoology 61 （4）： 749-757, 2015].

关键词： Predator-prey interactions Prey-attack behaviour Butterfly Bird Eyespot Ontogeny

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Semantic and syntactic interoperability in online processing of big Earth observation data

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2018年第1期11卷 95-112页

作者： martin Sudmanns Dirk Tiede Stefan Lang Andrea Baraldi Department of Geoinformatics–Z_GIS University of SalzburgSalzburgAustria Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences University of Naples FedericoⅡNapoliItaly

The challenge of enabling syntactic and semantic interoperability for comprehensive and reproducible online processing of big Earth observation(EO)data is still *** both types of interoperability is one of the requirements to efficiently extract valuable information from the large amount of available multi-temporal gridded data *** proposed system wraps world models,(semantic interoperability)into OGC web Processing Services(syntactic interoperability)for semantic online *** models describe spatio-temporal entities and their relationships in a formal *** proposed system serves as enabler for(1)technical interoperability using a standardised interface to be used by all types of clients and(2)allowing experts from different domains to develop complex analyses together as collaborative *** are connecting the world models online to the data,which are maintained in a centralised storage as 3D spatio-temporal data *** allows also non-experts to extract valuable information from EO data because data management,low-level interactions or specific software issues can be *** discuss the concept of the proposed system,provide a technical implementation example and describe three use cases for extracting changes from EO images and demonstrate the usability also for non-EO,gridded,multitemporal data sets(CORINE land cover).

关键词： OGC wPS big Earth data time series large-scale processing model-driven semantic analyses

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Assessing global Sentinel-2 coverage dynamics and data availability for operational Earth observation(EO)applications using the EO-Compass

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2020年第7期13卷 768-784页

作者： martin Sudmanns Dirk Tiede Hannah Augustin Stefan Lang Department of Geoinformatics University of SalzburgSalzburgAustria

Sentinel-2 scenes are increasingly being used in operational Earth observation(EO)applications at regional,continental and global scales,in near-real time applications,and with multi-temporal *** a broader scale,they are therefore one of the most important facilitators of the Digital ***,the data quality and availability are not spatially and temporally homogeneous due to effects related to cloudiness,the position on the Earth or the acquisition *** spatiotemporal inhomogeneity of the underlying data may therefore affect any big remote sensing analysis and is important to *** study presents an assessment of the metadata for all accessible Sentinel-2 Level-1C scenes acquired in 2017,enabling the spatio-temporal coverage and availability to be quantified,including scene availability and *** exploratory analysis of the global,multi-temporal metadata also reveals that higher acquisition frequencies do not necessarily yield more cloud-free scenes and exposes metadata quality issues,*** incorrect cloud cover estimation in high,nonvegetated *** continuously updated datasets and analysis results are accessible as a web application called *** contributes to a better understanding and selection of Sentinel-2 scenes,and improves the planning and interpretation of remote sensing analyses.

关键词： Sentinel-2 metadata cloud cover scene coverage global analysis big Earth data digital earth

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Comparison of implant related complications amongst patients with opioid use disorder and non-users following total knee arthroplasty

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world Journal of Orthopedics 2019年第3期10卷 137-144页

作者： Rushabh M Vakharia Karim G Sabeh Ajit M Vakharia Dhanur M Damodar Tsun Yee Law martin w Roche Department of Orthopedic Surgery Holy Cross Orthopedic Institute Department of Orthopedic Surgery Massachusetts General Hospital Department of Medicine Morehouse School of Medicine Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of Miami Hospital

BACKGROUND The influence of opioid use disorder on implant related complications, infection and readmission rates, and total global episode-of-care costs following primary total knee arthroplasty(TKA) is *** To examine whether opioid abuse in patients undergoing primary *** A retrospective analysis of the Medicare dataset, using the PearlDiver database,from 2005-2014 comparing outcomes in patients with opioid abusers(OUD) to non-opioid abusers(NOU) undergoing primary TKA was performed. Patient outcomes were analyzed including implant complications, readmission rates, and day-of-surgery and 90-d cost. Statistical analysis was performed with R(University of Auckland, New Zealand) calculating odds-ratio(OR) along with their respective 95% confidence interval(95%CI) and *** The OUD group was at greater odds of having implant related complications overall(20.84% vs 11.25%; OR: 2.07; 95%CI: 1.93-2.23; P were also significantly increased. OUD patients also incurred in higher day-of-surgery and total global 90-d episode-of-care costs compared to *** Patients with OUD show an increased risk of complications compared to the nonopioid users group. Appropriate recognition, pre-surgical optimization, and patient education are essential to mitigate these complications and improve patient outcome.

关键词： Opioid use Total knee arthroplasty Medicare Database Cost Readmission rates

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Effects of a Two-Day Teachers’ Training Course on Activity Time in Physical Education

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2014年第5期4卷 317-326页

作者： Miriam wanner Eva martin-Diener Claudia Frick Susi Kriemler Brian w. martin Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland Physical Activity and Health work Unit Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland

Schools are a key setting for promoting physical activity in children. There is little evidence on the potential of widely implemented programs to improve the quality of physical education (PE). The aim was to assess the effects of a short training course for classroom teachers on the quality of PE, assessed as activity time during PE. A quasi-experimental study was conducted with 6 intervention (N = 86) and 13 control classes (N = 151). Schools were selected in a random procedure (26.9% participation). Participation in children was 86.2% (mean age 7.8 years, 48.9% girls). Physical activity was assessed objectively using accelerometers. Effect on time spent in sedentary, moderate, vigorous and moderate-to-vigorous (MVPA) activities, steps and counts/minute during PE were analysed using t-tests and mixed linear models. Physical activity time increased significantly in the intervention but not in the control group between baseline and follow-up (relative increase in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity of 12% in intervention group). Increases were strongest in girls and in children inactive at baseline. In the mixed linear models adjusted for clustering, the effects were significant in girls for vigorous activities, sedentary time and counts/minute, in inactive children for steps. Results indicate that a short training course for classroom teachers can have subtle positive effects on physical activity time during PE. Girls and the most inactive children at baseline profited most from the intervention.

关键词： Health Promotion Physical Activity Physical Education Teaching

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Generation and preservation of continental crust in the Grenville Orogeny

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Geoscience Frontiers 2015年第3期6卷 357-372页

作者： Christopher J.Spencer Peter A.Cawood Chris J.Hawkesworth Anthony R.Prave Nick M.w.Roberts Matthew S.A.Horstwood martin J.whitehouse EIMF Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of St Andrews NERC Isotope Geosciences Laboratory British Geological Survey Swedish Museum of Natural History and Nordic Center for Earth Evolution(NordCEE) Edinburgh Ion Microprobe Facility University of Edinburgh

Detrital zircons from modern sediments display an episodic temporal distribution of U-Pb crystallization ages forming a series of ＇peaks＇ and ＇troughs＇. The peaks are interpreted to represent either periods of enhanced generation of granitic magma perhaps associated with mantle overturn and superplume events, or preferential preservation of continental crust during global collisional orogenesis. The close association of those peaks with the assembly of supercontinents implies a causal relationship between collisional orogenesis and the presence of zircon age peaks. Here these two end-member models （episodic periodicity of increased magmatism versus selective preservation during collisional orogenesis） are assessed using U-Pb, Hf, and 0 analysis of detrital zircons from sedimentary successions deposited during the - 1.3-1.1 Ga accretionary, -1.1-0.9 Ga collisional, and 〈 0.9 Ga extensional collapse phases of the Grenville orogenic cycle in Labrador and Scotland. The pre-collisional, accretionary stage provides a baseline of continental crust present prior to orogenesis and is dominated by Archean and Paleoproterozoic age peaks associated with pre-1300 Ma Laurentian geology. Strata deposited during the Grenville Orogeny display similar Archean and Paleoproterozoic detrital populations along with a series of broad muted peaks from - 1500 to 1100 Ma. However, post-collisional sedimentary successions display a dominant age peak between 1085 and 985 Ma, similar to that observed in modern North American river sediments. Zircons within the post-orogenic sedimentary successions have progressively lower EHf and higher -lSO values from - 1800 to - 1200 Ma whereupon they have higher EHf and -3180 within the dominant 1085-985 Ma age peak. Furthermore, the Lu-Hf isotopic profile of the Grenville-related age peak is consistent with significant assimilation and contamination by older crustal material, The timing of this dominant age peak coincides with the peak of metamorphism and

关键词： Zircon Continental crust Grenville Orogeny Crustal preservation

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Contribution of poses screen preimpregnated(PSP) installed at openings and eaves of dwellings in the reduction of malaria transmission in the commune of agugus in bnin

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2013年第1期6卷 61-67页

作者： F.Modeste Gouissi Sahidou Salifou A.Patrick Edorh A.Rufine Sedjame S.G.Augustin Gouissi w.Anges Yadouleton martin Akogbeto Michel Boko Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health CIFREDUniversity of Abomey-Calavi(UAC)03 BP 1463 JerichoCotonouBenin Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi(EPAC) Department of Animal ProductionUniversity of Abomey-Calavi(UAC)01 BP 2009 CotonouBenin Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology Faculty of Science and Technology(FAST)University of Abomey-Calavi(UAC)01 BP 526CotonouBenin Faculty of Health Sciences(FSS) University of Abomey-Calavi(UAC)01 BP 188 CotonouBenin Entomological Research Center of Cotonou(CREC) 06 BP 2604 CotonouBenin Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health CIFREDUniversity of Abomey-Calavi(VAC)03 BP 1463 JerichoCotonouBenin

Objective:To evaluate the contribution of poses screen pre-impregnated(PSP) installed at openings and eaves of dwellings in the reduction of malaria transmission in the commune of Aguegues in ***:The PSP were manufactured from preimpregnated Olyset *** were installed at windows,eaves and doors of 70 dwellings.320 children aged 6-59 months were treated and 311 children were recruited in the control *** measured are:plasmodic index(IP),gametoeyte index,parasite density(PD),fever,hemoglobin,anemia. Results:The global IP was 16.62%with PSP and 72.20%without *** index did not differ significantly between the treated zone(27.8) and the control zone(29.1).The total geometric mean of DP was 309 in the treated zone and 600 in the control *** level is 8.7 in the control zone and 9.5 in the treated *** noted a predominance of anemia in the control zone compared to the treated ***:The PSP have contributed to a significant reduction in morbidity in the commune of Aguegues.

关键词： Malaria Poses screen pre-impregnated Anopheles Hemoglobin

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