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combining video and GPS-tracking to study the spatial foraging distribution of a single-prey loading seabird

Avian Research 2024年第3期15卷 316-325页

作者： Ruben c.Fijn wouter courtens Bas w.R.Engels Emiel E.van loon Judy Shamoun-Baranes waardenburg Ecology Deparonent of Bird EcologyCulemborgthe Netherlands University of Amsterdam Insnitute for Biodiversity and Ecoasystem DymaomicsAmsterdamthe Netherlands Research Insitute for Nature and Forest(INBO) BrusselsBcgium

Seabirds are valuable indicators of marine ecosystem processes and studying seabird diets can shed light on natural or human-induced variability in food-web *** single-prey loading seabird species such as terns have the potential to act as visual sentinels of prey availability ***,obtaining diet information from remote bird colonies is often challenging and time *** this pilot study we present a novel approach to combine two established methods to study seabird foraging ecology,providing a powerful and cost-effective tool to study the distribution of prey items available to *** combined GPS tracking data of Sandwich Terns(Thalasseus sandvicensis)with prey-observations from a hide in 2012 and 2013,and from semicontinuously recorded camera footage in *** doing so,we identified 115 approximate catch locations of prey(86 herring/sprat clupeidae,29 sandeel Ammodytidae).combining GPS-data and prey observations yielded detailed knowledge on the movements and chick diets of tracked birds as well as the spatial origin and lengths of captured prey *** catch distances of both clupeidae and Ammodytidae resulted in deliveries of larger prey items and thus higher energy yield per trip,but also a higher energy expenditure per *** discuss the limitations and potential of our methodological approach to study foraging energetics during chick-provisioning of seabirds that carry prey items visible in their beaks.

关键词： Diet Digitalfilm Geo-referencing Non-invasive monitoring Provisioning Sandwich Tern Thalasseus sandvicensis

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Negative enthalpy alloys and local chemical ordering:a concept and route leading to synergy of strength and ductility

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 172-184页

作者： Zibing An Tao Yang caijuan Shi Shengcheng Mao lihua wang ang li wei li Xianmeng Xue Ming Sun Yifan Bai Yapeng He Fuzeng Ren Zhouguang lu Ming Yan Yang Ren chain-Tsuan liu Ze Zhang Xiaodong Han Beijing Key lab of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials College of Materials Science &Engineering Beijing University of Technology Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong Kong Key laboratory of Partial Acceleration Physics& Technology Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Department of Materials Science &Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Physics City University of Hong Kong State Key laboratory of Silicon Materials Department of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University

Solid solutions are ubiquitous in metals and alloys. local chemical ordering(lcO) is a fundamental sub-nano/nanoscale process that occurs in many solid solutions and can be used as a microstructure to optimize strength and ductility. However, the formation of lcO has not been fully elucidated, let alone how to provide efficient routes for designing lcO to achieve synergistic effects on both superb strength and ductility. Herein, we propose the formation and control of lcO in negative enthalpy alloys. with engineering negative enthalpy in solid solutions, genetic lcO components are formed in negative enthalpy refractory high-entropy alloys(RHEAs). In contrast to conventional ‘trial-and-error' approaches, the control of lcO by using engineering negative enthalpy in RHEAs is instructive and results in superior strength(1160 MPa) and uniform ductility(24.5%) under tension at ambient temperature, which are among the best reported so far. lcO can promote dislocation cross-slip, enhancing the interaction between dislocations and their accumulation at large tensile strains; sustainable strain hardening can thereby be attained to ensure high ductility of the alloy. This work paves the way for new research fields on negative enthalpy solid solutions and alloys for the synergy of strength and ductility as well as new functions.

关键词： negative enthalpy alloys local chemical ordering strength ductility dislocation

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cardiovascular health awareness,risk perception,behavioural intention and INTERHEART risk stratification among middle-aged adults in Malaysia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第2期17卷 61-70页

作者： Siew-Keah lee ang-lim chua clement Heng Yew Fong Ban Hao Brian cong wen ling Ng Jing Feng Kong Yik-ling chew Kai Bin liew Yang Shao M.Kandiah Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universiti Tunku Abdul RahmanMalaysia Faculty of Medicine Universiti Teknologi MARAMalaysia Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences UCSI UniversityMalaysia Faculty of Pharmacy University of CyberjayaMalaysia The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University China

Objective:To investigate the interrelationship between cardiovascular health awareness,risk perception,behavioural intention,and INTERHEART risk stratification in a middle-aged adult population in ***:A cross-sectional survey with convenience sampling was conducted during November 2022 and January *** completed validated questionnaires assessing cardiovascular health awareness,risk perception of cardiovascular diseases,behavioural intention towards adopting healthy habits,and INTERHEART risk stratification score(IHRS)based on established risk factors.A total of 602 respondents were included in the final *** were analysed with independent t-test/one-way ANOVA or Mann-whitney/Kruskal-wallis to test the differences,Pearson correlation or linear regression test to analyze the association of independent and dependent ***:There was a significant positive correlation between medical knowledge related to cardiovascular disease(cVD)and knowledge related to cVD risk prevention,risk perception,behavioural intention and IHRS(Pcorrelation).Notably,individuals with higher IHRS tended to have lower knowledge related to cVD and cVD risk prevention,risk perception,and behavioural ***,laborers,active/former smokers,individuals with lower household income and educational levels,those involved in occupations not related to the healthcare sector,and those who did not receive the cVD health brochure or are unaware of health self-assessment tools are likely to have lower levels of knowledge,risk perception,and poorer behavioural intention regarding cardiovascular health(Pway ANOVA).while educational level,smoking status,awareness about cVD poster,self-assessment tools were repeatedly significantly associated with knowledge related to cVD and cVD risk prevention,risk perception,behavioral intention and/or IHRS(Plinear regression).conclusions:These findings underscore the importance of promoting car

关键词： cardiovascular risk Knowledge Risk perception Behavioural intention INTERHEART Middle-aged lifestyle Physical activity Psychosocial stress

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Superplasticity of fine-grained Mg-10li alloy prepared by severe plastic deformation and understanding its deformation mechanisms

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 316-331页

作者： H.T.Jeong S.w.lee w.J.Kim Department of Materials Science and Engineering Hongik UniversityMapo-guSangsu-dong 72-1Seoul 121-791Republic of Korea

The superplastic behavior and associated deformation mechanisms of a fine-grained Mg-10.1 li-0.8Al-0.6Zn alloy(lAZ1011)with a grain size of 3.2μm,primarily composed of the Bccβphase and a small amount of the HcPαphase,were examined in a temperature range of 473 K to 623 *** microstructural refinement of this alloy was achieved by employing high-ratio differential speed *** best superplasticity was achieved at 523 K and at strain rates of 10^(-4)-5×10^(-4)s^(-1),where tensile elongations of 550±600%were *** the heating and holding stage of the tensile samples prior to tensile loading,a significant increase in grain size was observed at temperatures above 573 ***,it was important to consider this effect when analyzing and understanding the superplastic deformation behavior and *** the investigated strain rate range,the superplastic flow at low strain rates was governed by lattice diffusion-controlled grain boundary sliding,while at high strain rates,lattice diffusion-controlled dislocation climb creep was the rate-controlling deformation *** was concluded that solute drag creep is unlikely to *** the late stages of deformation at 523 K,it was observed that grain boundary sliding led to the agglomeration of theαphase,resulting in significant strain *** mechanism maps were constructed forβ-Mg-li alloys in the form of 2D and 3D formats as a function of strain rate,stress,temperature,and grain size,using the constitutive equations for various deformation mechanisms derived based on the data of the current tests.

关键词： Magnesium-lithium alloy Superplasticity Severe plastic deformation Grain size Grain growth

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Advances in magnesium-containing bioceramics for bone repair

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Biomaterials Translational 2024年第1期5卷 3-20页

作者： Qi l. Zhao T. Yan J. Ge w. Jiang w. wang J. Gholipourmalekabadi M. lin K. wang X. Zhang l. Department of Oral and cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital College of Stomatology Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology Shanghai China Department’s Education Deputy Department of Medical Biotechnology Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Institute of Translational Medicine Shanghai University Organoid Research Center Shanghai University Shanghai China

Reconstruction of bone defects or fractures caused by ageing, trauma and tumour resection is still a great challenge in clinical treatment. Although autologous bone graft is considered as gold standard, the source of natural bone is limited. In recent years, regenerative therapy based on bioactive materials has been proposed for bone reconstruction. Specially, numerous studies have indicated that bioactive ceramics including silicate and phosphate bioceramics exhibit excellent osteoinductivity and osteoconductivity, further promote bone regeneration. In addition, magnesium (Mg) element, as an indispensable mineral element, plays a vital role in promoting bone mineralisation and formation. In this review, different types of Mg-containing bioceramics including Mg-containing calcium phosphate-based bioceramics (such as Mg-hydroxyapatite, Mg-biphasic calcium phosphate), Mg-containing calcium silicate-based bioceramics (such as Mg2SiO4, ca2MgSi2O7and Mg-doped bioglass), Mg-based biocements, Mg-containing metal/polymer-bioceramic composites were systematacially summarised. Additionally, the fabrication technologies and their materiobiological effects were deeply discussed, clinical applications and perspectives of magnesium-containing bioceramics for bone repair are highlighted. Overall, Mg-containing bioceramics are regarded as regenerative therapy with their optimised performance. Furthermore, more in-depth two-way researches on their performance and structure are essential to satisfy their clinical needs. © 2024, chinese Medical Multimedia Press co ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： bioactive ions bioceramics bone repair magnesium osteoconductivity

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Multiple sclerosis is at a checkpoint: advancing the program

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 811-812页

作者： Brandon c.Smith Jessica l.williams Department of Neurosciences Lerner Research InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA Department of Biological Geologicaland Environmental SciencesCleveland State UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Multiple sclerosis(MS) is a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system(cNS). Patients with MS experience sensory and motor function loss due to myelin and/or axon damage perpetuated b... 详细信息

关键词： Hauser sclerosis damage

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Research on fault time prediction method for high speed rail BTM unit based on multi method interactive validation

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High-speed Railway 2024年第3期2卷 164-171页

作者： Fu l. Gou J. Sun c. li H. liu w. School of Information Science and Technology Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 611756 China china Railway Signal and communication Research and Design Institute Group co ltd Beijing 100089 China

The Balise Transmission Module (BTM) unit of the on-board train control system is a crucial component. Due to its unique installation position and complex environment, this unit has a higher fault rate within the on-board train control system. To conduct fault prediction for the BTM unit based on actual fault data, this study proposes a prediction method combining reliability statistics and machine learning, and achieves the fusion of prediction results from different dimensions through multi-method interactive validation. Firstly, a method for predicting equipment fault time targeting batch equipment is introduced. This method utilizes reliability statistics to construct a model of the remaining faultless operating time distribution considering uncertainty, thereby predicting the remaining faultless operating probability of the BTM unit. Secondly, considering the complexity of the BTM unit's fault mechanism, the small sample size of fault cases, and the potential presence of multiple fault features in fault text records, an individual-oriented fault prediction method based on Bayesian-optimized Gradient Boosting Regression Tree (Bayes-GBRT) is proposed. This method achieves better prediction results compared to linear regression algorithms and random forest regression algorithms, with an average absolute error of only 0.224 years for predicting the fault time of this type of equipment. Finally, a multi-method interactive validation approach is proposed, enabling the fusion and validation of multi-dimensional results. The results indicate that the predicted fault time and the actual fault time conform to a log-normal distribution, and the parameter estimation results are basically consistent, verifying the accuracy and effectiveness of the prediction results. The above research findings can provide technical support for the maintenance and modification of BTM units, effectively reducing maintenance costs and ensuring the safe operation of high-speed railway, thus ha

关键词： High speed rail BTM unit Machine learning Multi method interactive verification Remaining faultless operating time

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Fast-Response Fiber-Optic FPI Temperature Sensing System Based on Modulated Grating Y-Branch Tunable laser

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Photonic Sensors 2024年第1期14卷 59-72页

作者： Yang cHEUNG Zhenguo JING Qiang lIU ang lI Yueying lIU Yihang GUO Sen ZHang Dapeng ZHOU wei PENG School of Physics Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China School of computer and Electronic Information/School of Artificial Intelligence Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China

In this paper,a cost-effective and miniaturized instrument is proposed,which is based on a tunable modulated grating Y-branch(MG-Y)laser for rapid temperature measurement using a Fabry-Perot interferometer(FPI)*** FPI sensor with a 1463-μm cavity length is a short segment of a capillary tube sandwiched by two sections of single-mode fibers(SMFs).This system has a broad tunable range(1527 nm-1567 nm)with a wavelength interval of 8 pm and a tuning rate of 100 *** sensing experiments are carried out to investigate the performance of the system by demodulating the absolute cavity length of the FPI sensor using a cross-correlation *** results show that the sensor can reach the response time as short as 94 ms with the sensitivity of 802 pm/*** from the homemade and integrated essential electrical circuits,the entire system has the small size,low cost,and practical application potential to be used in the harsh environment for rapid temperature measurement.

关键词： MG-Y laser interrogator rapid temperature measurement cross-correlation algorithm

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思想政治教育基础理论研究反思及再出发

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思想政治教育研究 2024年第3期40卷 69-75页

作者：孙其昂河海大学马克思主义学院江苏南京211100

思想政治教育学科40年,思想政治教育基础理论研究取得重要理论成果,但总体处在进入和展开的研究阶段。思想政治教育基础理论研究的特点有自觉意识、成果丰富、形成研究领域、培养了学者队伍、形成研究传统,为未来研究提供了扎实基础。... 详细信息

思想政治教育学科40年,思想政治教育基础理论研究取得重要理论成果,但总体处在进入和展开的研究阶段。思想政治教育基础理论研究的特点有自觉意识、成果丰富、形成研究领域、培养了学者队伍、形成研究传统,为未来研究提供了扎实基础。思想政治教育基础理论研究有待推进到理论自觉新阶段,认识和把握时代任务,进一步明确思想政治教育基础理论的结构位置和意义。要对思想政治教育基础理论研究的议题及意义再认识、再出发,力求进入思想政治教育本体,进入思想政治教育基础理论内核,争取再突破,开展体系研究,探索有组织的研究,在基础理论研究学术磨炼中成长成才。

关键词：思想政治教育基础理论研究反思时代任务再出发

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Effects of improved amino acid balance diet on lysine mammary utilization, whole body protein turnover and muscle protein breakdown on lactating sows

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第5期15卷 2031-2043页

作者： Sai Zhang Juan c.Marini Vengai Mavangira Andrew claude Julie Moore Mahmoud A.Mohammad Nathalie l.Trottier Department of Animal Science Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing 48824USA State Key laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South ChinaMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and NutritionInstitute of Animal ScienceGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou 510640PR China USDA/ARS children’s Nutrition Research center and Pediatric critical care Medicine Department of PediatricsBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030USA Department of large Animal clinical Sciences Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Present address:Department of Animal Science Cornell UniversityFrank Morrison Hall507 Tower RoadIthacaNY 14853‑4801USA

Background The study objective was to test the hypothesis that low crude protein(cP)diet with crystalline amino acids(cAA)supplementation improves lys utilization efficiency for milk production and reduces protein turnover and muscle protein *** lactating multiparous Yorkshire sows were allotted to 1 of 2 isocaloric diets(10.80 MJ/kg net energy):control(cON;19.24%cP)and reduced cP with“optimal”AA profile(OPT;14.00%cP).Sow body weight and backfat were recorded on d 1 and 21 of lactation and piglets were weighed on d 1,14,18,and 21 of *** d 14 and 18,a subset of 9 sows(cON=4,OPT=5)was infused with a mixed solution of 3-[methyl-2H3]histidine(bolus injection)and[13c]bicarbonate(priming dose)first,then a constant 2-h[13c]bicarbonate infusion followed by a 6-h primed constant[1-13c]lysine *** blood and milk sampling were performed to determine plasma and milk lys enrichment,lys oxidation rate,whole body protein turnover,and muscle protein *** Over the 21-d lactation period,compared to cON,sows fed OPT had greater litter growth rate(Pcompared to cON,sows fed OPT had greater efficiency of lys(Plys mammary flux(Pwhole-body protein turnover efficiency(Pcompared to cON,sows fed OPT tended to have lower whole body protein breakdown rate(P=0.069).Muscle protein breakdown rate did not differ between OPT and cON(P=0.197).conclusion Feeding an improved AA balance diet increased efficiency of lys and reduced whole-body protein turnover and protein *** results imply that the lower maternal N retention observed in lactating sows fed improved AA balance diets in previous studies may be a result of greater partitioning of AA towards milk rather than greater body protein breakdown.

关键词： Amino acid Efficiency lactating sows Protein breakdown Protein turnover Reduced protein diet

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