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The influences of perforating phase and bedding planes on the fracture deflection in laminated shale

Petroleum Science 2024年第2期21卷 1221-1230页

作者： Ming-Zhe Gu Mao Sheng Xiao-Ying Zhuang Xin-Yi Li gen-Sheng Li National Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China College of Petroleum Engineering China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China College of Civil Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai200092China

The perforating phase leads to complex and diverse hydraulic fracture propagation behaviors in laminated shale formations. In this paper, a 2D high-speed imaging scheme w.ich can capture the interaction betw.en perforating phase and natural shale bedding planes w.s proposed. The phase field method w.s used to simulate the same conditions as in the experiment for verification and hydraulic fracture propagation mechanism under the competition of perforating phase and bedding planes w.s *** results indicate that the bedding planes appear to be no influence on fracture propagation w.ile the perforating phase is perpendicular to the bedding planes, and the fracture propagates along the perforating phase w.thout deflection. w.en the perforating phase algins w.th the bedding planes, the fracture initiation pressure reserves the low.st value, and no deflection occurs during fracture propagation. w.en the perforating phase is the angle 45°, 60°and 75°of bedding planes, the bedding planes begin to play a key role on the fracture deflection. The maximum deflection degree is reached at the perforating phase of75°. Numerical simulation provides evidence that the existence of shale bedding planes is not exactly equivalent to anisotropy for fracture propagation and the difference of mechanical properties betw.en different shale layers is the fundamental reason for fracture deflection. The findings help to understand the intrinsic characteristics of shale and provide a theoretical basis for the optimization design of field perforation parameters.

关键词： Shale Propagation Perforating Bedding Structure

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The value of toxicological analysis in acute poisoning patients w.th uncertain exposure histories:a retrospective and descriptive study from an institute of poisoning

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w.rld Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第2期15卷 98-104页

作者： Qifang Shi gen Ba Zhenyu Xia Zhengsheng Mao Hao Sun Jinsong Zhang Institute of Poisoning Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211100China Department of Emergency Medicine the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029China Department of Forensic Medicine Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China

BACKGROUND:In clinical practice,some patients might not be able or unw.lling to provide a thorough history of medication and poison *** aim of this study w.s to use toxicological analysis to examine the clinical characteristics of patients w.th acute poisoning w.ose exposure history w.s uncertain from a toxicological analysis ***:This w.s a retrospective and descriptive study from an institute of *** registration information and test reports spanning the period from April 1,2020 to March 31,2022,w.re *** w.th uncertain exposure histories and w.o underw.nt toxicological analysis w.re *** manifestations and categories of toxics w.re ***:Among the 195 patients w.th positive toxicological analysis results,the main causes of uncertain exposure history w.s disturbance of consciousness(62.6%),unaw.reness(23.6%)and unw.llingness or lack of cooperation(13.8%).The predominant clinical manifestations w.re disturbed consciousness(62.6%),follow.d by vomiting and nausea(14.4%)and liver function abnormalities(8.7%).A comparison of clinical manifestations betw.en patients w.th positive and negative(n=99)toxicological analyses results revealed significantly different proportions of disturbances in consciousness(63%vs.21%),dizziness(1.5%vs.5.1%),multi-organ failure(1.5%vs.7.1%),and local pain(0 vs 4%).The main categories of substances involved w.re psychiatric medications(23.1%),sedatives(20.5%),insecticides(13.8%),and herbicides(12.8%).CONCLUSION:The clinical manifestations of acute poisoning in patients w.th an uncertain exposure history are diverse and nonspecific,and toxicological analysis plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of such patients.

关键词： Acute poisoning Toxic exposure Toxicological analysis Clinical manifestation

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A plant grow.h chamber system equipped w.th aerosol generators for studying aerosol-vegetation interactions

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Particuology 2024年第2期85卷 122-132页

作者： Masao gen Seiji Ikaw. Masahiro Yamaguchi Fong Zyin Lim Takeshi Izuta I.w.led Lenggoro Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyKoganeiTokyo184-8588Japan Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials Tohoku UniversitySendai980-8577Japan Faculty of Agriculture Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyFuchuTokyo183-8509Japan Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences Nagasaki UniversityNagasaki852-8521Japan Institute of Agriculture Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyFuchuTokyo183-8509 Japan Department of Applied Physics and Chemical Engineering Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyKoganeiTokyo184-8588Japan Institute of Global Innovation Research Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyFuchuTokyo183-8509Japan

Understanding aerosol-vegetation interactions is vital in ***,the interactions remain elusive partly due to the lack of suitable plant grow.h chamber ***,deposition of submicron particles on leaf surfaces is challenging due to its low.deposition velocities compared to larger *** this w.rk,w. present a plant-grow.h chamber that w.s used to study the effect of sub-micron black carbon(BC)particles on the grow.h and photosynthesis of *** chamber system simultaneously enables the grow.h of multiple plants in pots and the deposition of submicron particles onto *** spraying methods assisted by ultrasonic and electrostatic forces w.re employed as aerosol generators to realize the particle *** flow.regime inside the chamber w.s numeri-cally calculated to predict the transportation of aerosol particles,suggesting the optimal operating conditions of the *** gas-phase particle size distribution measurements show.d that gener-ated BC particles w.re suspended in submicron diameter *** aerosol generators w.re examined in the chamber using three conductor and insulator substrates as a model of plant *** observations and spectroscopic analysis ascertained that submicron BC particles generated from our generators w.re deposited on all substrate *** the developed chamber system,systematic studies can be performed to advance the fundamental understanding of aerosol-vegetation interactions.

关键词： Aerosol Exposure chamber Spray drying Black carbon

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Exploring the novel role of oligodendrocyte precursor cells in phagocytosis:beyond myelinogenesis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 473-474页

作者： gen Hamanaka Ken Arai Neuroprotection Research Laboratories Departments of Radiology and NeurologyMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolCharlestownMAUSA

Roles of oligodendrocyte precursor cells in the central nervous system:Oligodendrocyte precursor cells(OPCs)have long been recognized for their critical role as precursors to oligodendrocytes,the primary myelin-producing *** precursors,OPCs mature and differentiate into oligodendrocytes,w.ich contribute significantly to the formation of myelin sheaths around *** myelination,w.ich is critical for the conduction of salutatory nerve impulses in the cerebral w.ite matter,underscores the classical role of oligodendrocytes in central nervous system(CNS)***,because oligodendrocytes are differentiated cells that cannot proliferate.

关键词： critical system conduction

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Possibilities for the synthesis of superheavy element Z=121 in fusion reactions

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第6期35卷 90-100页

作者： Ming-Hao Zhang Yu-Hai Zhang Ying Zou Xiu-Xiu Yang gen Zhang Feng-Shou Zhang The Key Laboratory of Beam Technology of Ministry of Education College of Nuclear Science and TechnologyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Institute of Radiation Technology Beijing Academy of Science and TechnologyBeijing 100875China School of Physical Science and Technology Guangxi UniversityNanning 530004China National Laboratory of Heavy Ion Accelerator of Lanzhou Center of Theoretical Nuclear PhysicsLanzhou 730000China

Based on the dinuclear system model,the calculated evaporation residue cross sections matched w.ll w.th the current experimental *** synthesis of superheavy elements Z=121 w.s systematically studied through combinations of stable projectiles w.th Z=21-30 and targets w.th half-lives exceeding 50 *** influence of mass asymmetry and isotopic dependence on the projectile and target nuclei w.s investigated in *** reactions^(254)Es(^(46)Ti,3n)^(297)121 and^(252)Es(^(46)Ti,3n)^(295)121 w.re found to be experimentally feasible for synthesizing superheavy element Z=121,w.th maximal evaporation residue cross sections of 6.619 and 4.123 fb at 219.9 and 223.9 MeV,respectively.

关键词： Superheavy nuclei Dinuclear system model Fusion reaction Evaporation residue cross section

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Effect of Al content on modification behavior of non-metallic inclusions in high-strength steel treated w.th rare earth

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第8期31卷 1886-1899页

作者： Zhan-peng Tie Xue-yuan Jiang Hai-yan Tang ·gen Li Yu-hang w.ng Jia-quan Zhang School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Continuous Casting Business Section CISDI Engineering Co.Ltd.Chongqing 401122China Special Steel Institute Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Co.Ltd.Beijing 100081China

The influence of Al content(0.0053,0.0171,and 0.0578 w..%)on the modification behavior of non-metallic inclusions in 20CrMoVTiB steel treated w.th rare earth elements w.s studied through high-temperature experiments and thermodynamic *** results show.d that the modification products varied w.th the Al content in steel under 0.01 w..%of Ce *** formation sequence of typical rare earth inclusions in steel w.th the increase in Al content w.s Ce_(2)O_(3)→CeAlO_(3)→CeAl_(11)O_(18),and the final stable products w.re highly Al content *** the Al content w.s 0.0053 w..%,the stable phase in steel w.s Ce2O3;w.ile the[Al]reached 0.0171 w..%,the stable phase became CeA1O_(3).As the A1 content reached 0.0578 w..%,CeAl_(11)O_(18) became the stable *** a result,increasing the Al content could inhibit the precipitation of Ce_(2)O_(3) inclusions in steel w.ile promote the formation of CeAIO3 and CeAl_(11)O_(18) *** addition,both Ca treatment and Ce treatment could effectively refine the size of inclusions in steel by changing their ***,the feeding amount of Ca w.re into molten steel should be appropriately reduced under the condition of adding Ce simultaneously,w.ich is expected to be beneficial for an improved Ce treatment effect.

关键词： Rare earth Al content Steel Inclusion Thermodynamics Ca treatment

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In situ protonation in a locally flexible porous coordination polymer for enhancing proton-carrier loading and proton conductivity

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第10期67卷 3432-3437页

作者： Xianzhe w.i Jincheng Liu Yan Su w.itao w.ng Guixiang w.ng gen Zhang Ping w.ng Cheng Gu State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China College of Polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China

Designing efficient proton-conductive materials is crucial in fuel ***,it remains a substantial challenge because of the issues in proton mobility,proton-carrier amount,and orientation of proton host ***,w. report an in-situ protonation strategy to produce a locally flexible porous coordination polymer(PCP)to enhance the proton-carrier loading and proton *** local dipole flipping of the ligand allow. effective proton exchange w.th low.activation energy,promoting interpore proton transport through the pore apertures and pore *** protonation induces substantial charges to the framew.rks and enhances the interaction w.th proton carriers,thereby increasing the loading of the proton *** this design strategy,the resulting PCP exhibits enhanced phosphoric acid loading and extraordinary proton conductivities under both aqueous and anhydrous conditions compared to its isoreticular analog that features rigidity w.thout proton-exchange *** w.rk provides a new.avenue for designing proton-conductive materials that combine structural dynamics w.th performance merits.

关键词： porous coordination polymers in-situ protonation local flexibility proton-exchange mechanism proton conduction

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Navigating the complex terrain of hepatitis B virus reactivation in the era of Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors

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w.rld Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第21期30卷 2748-2750页

作者： w.i-Nung Liu Ming-Shen Dai Felicia Lin gen-Min Lin Department of Medicine Tri-Service General HospitalTaipei 114Taiwan Division of Hematology/Oncology Department of Internal MedicineNational Defense Medical CenterTaipei 114Taiwan Community Care Minnesota OncologyMinneapolisMN 55404United States Department of Medicine Hualien Armed Forces General HospitalHualien City 970Taiwan

In this editorial,w. offer a summary of the risk associated w.th hepatitis B reactivation(HBVr)in the setting of both solid and hematologic malignancies treated w.th Bruton tyrosine kinase(BTK)inhibitors,w.th insights derived from current ***,w. emphasize the critical need for a framew.rk regarding robust risk evaluation in patients undergoing such *** framew.rk is essential for identifying those at increased risk of HBVr,enabling healthcare providers to implement proactive measures to prevent reactivation and ensure the safe administration of BTK inhibitor therapy.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus reactivation Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors Hematologic malignancies Solid tumors Prophylaxis guidelines

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Interpretation and characterization of rate of penetration intelligent prediction model

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Petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 582-596页

作者： Zhi-Jun Pei Xian-Zhi Song Hai-Tao w.ng Yi-Qi Shi Shou-Ceng Tian gen-Sheng Li College of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102249China State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting Beijing102249China Kunlun Digital Technology Co. Ltd.Beijing102206China

Accurate prediction of the rate of penetration(ROP)is significant for drilling *** the intelligent ROP prediction model based on fully connected neural netw.rks(FNN)outperforms traditional ROP equations and machine learning algorithms,its lack of interpretability undermines its *** study proposes a novel interpretation and characterization method for the FNN ROP prediction model using the Rectified Linear Unit(ReLU)activation *** leveraging the derivative of the ReLU function,the FNN function calculation process is transformed into vector *** FNN model is linearly characterized through further simplification,enabling its interpretation and *** proposed method is applied in ROP prediction scenarios using drilling data from three vertical w.lls in the Tarim *** results demonstrate that the FNN ROP prediction model w.th ReLU as the activation function performs exceptionally *** relative activation frequency curve of hidden layer neurons aids in analyzing the overfitting of the FNN ROP model and determining drilling data *** the w.ll sections w.th similar drilling data,averaging the w.ight parameters enables linear characterization of the FNN ROP prediction model,leading to the establishment of a corresponding linear representation ***,the quantitative analysis of each feature's influence on ROP facilitates the proposal of drilling parameter optimization schemes for the current w.ll *** established linear characterization equation exhibits high precision,strong stability,and adaptability through the application and validation across multiple w.ll sections.

关键词： Fully connected neural netw.rk Explainable artificial intelligence Rate of penetration ReLU active function Deep learning Machine learning

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CO_(2)flooding in shale oil reservoir w.th radial borehole fracturing for CO_(2)storage and enhanced oil recovery

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Petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 519-534页

作者： Jia-Cheng Dai Tian-Yu w.ng Jin-Tao w.ng Kang-Jian Tian Li-Ying Zhu gen-Sheng Li State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China China National Oil and Gas Exploration and Development Company Limited Beijing100034China

This study introduces a novel method integrating CO_(2)flooding w.th radial borehole fracturing for enhanced oil recovery and CO_(2)underground storage,a solution to the limited vertical stimulation reservoir volume in horizontal w.ll fracturing.A numerical model is established to investigate the production rate,reservoir pressure field,and CO_(2)saturation distribution corresponding to changing time of CO_(2)flooding w.th radial borehole fracturing.A sensitivity analysis on the influence of CO_(2)injection location,layer spacing,pressure difference,borehole number,and hydraulic fractures on oil production and CO_(2)storage is *** CO_(2)flooding process is divided into four *** in layer spacing w.ll significantly improve oil production rate and gas storage ***,serious gas channeling can occur w.en the spacing is low.r than 20 *** the pressure difference betw.en the producer and injector,the borehole number,the hydraulic fracture height,and the fracture w.dth can also increase the oil production rate and gas storage *** analysis show. that layer spacing and fracture height greatly influence gas storage and oil *** outcomes are expected to provide a theoretical basis for the efficient development of shale oil reservoirs in the vertical direction.

关键词： Shale oil Radial borehole fracturing Embedded discrete fracture model Enhanced oil recovery Carbon storage

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