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Associations of accelerometry-measured and self-reported physical activity and sedentary b.havior w.th skeletal muscle energetics:The Study of Muscle,Mob.lity and Aging(SOMMA)

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 621-630页

作者： Yujia(Susanna)Qiao Terri L.b.ackw.ll Peggy M.Caw.hon Paul M.Coen Steven R.Cummings Giovanna Distefano Samaneh Farsijani Daniel E.Forman b.et H.Goodpaster Stephen b.Kritchevsky Theresa Mau Frederico G.S.Toledo Anne b.New.an Nancy w.Glynn Department of Epidemiology School of Public HealthUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA San Francisco Coordinating Center California Pacific Medical Center Research InstituteSan FranciscoCA 94143USA Department of Epidemiology and b.ostatistics University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA 94143USA Translational Research Institute AdventHealthOrlandoFL 32804USA Department of Medicine(Geriatrics and Cardiology) University of Pittsburghand GeriatricsResearchEducationand Clinical Center(GRECC)VA Pittsburgh Healthcare SystemPittsburghPA 15261USA Department of Internal Medicine Section on Gerontology and Geriatric MedicineWake Forest School of MedicineWinston-SalemNC 27109USA Division of Endocrinology and Metab.lism Department of MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA

b.ckground:Skeletal muscle energetics decline w.th age,and physical activity(PA)has b.en show. to offset these declines in older ***,many studies reporting these effects w.re b.sed on self-reported PA or structured exercise ***,w. examined the associations of accelerometry-measured and self-reported PA and sedentary b.havior(Sb.w.th skeletal muscle energetics and explored the extent to w.ich PA and sedentary b.havior w.uld attenuate the associations of age w.th muscle ***:As part of the Study of Muscle,Mob.lity and Aging,enrolled older adults(n=879),810(age=76.4±5.0 years old,mean±SD;58%w.men)had maximal muscle oxidative capacity measured ex vivo via high-resolution re spirometry of permeab.lized myofib.rs(maximal oxidative phosphorylation(maxOXPHOS))and in vivo b. ^(31)phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy(maximal adenosine triphosphate(ATP_(max))).Accelerometry-measured sedentary b.havior,light activity,and moderate-to-vigorous PA(MVPA)w.re assessed using a w.ist-w.rn ActiGraph GT9X over 7 ***-reported sedentary b.havior,MVPA,and all PA w.re assessed w.th the Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors(CHAMPS)*** regression models w.th progressive covariate adjustments evaluated the associations of sedentary b.havior and PA w.th muscle energetics,as w.ll as the attenuation of the age/muscle energetics association b. MVP A and sedentary *** a sensitivity analysis,w. also examined activPAL-measured daily step count and time spent in sedentary b.havior and their associations w.th muscle ***:Every 30 min/day more of ActiGraph-measured MVPA w.s associated w.th 0.65 pmol/(s×mg)higher maxOXPHOS and 0.012 mM/s higher ATP_(max)after adjusting for age,site/technician,and sex(pw.s not associated w.th maxOXPHOS or ATP_(max).Meanw.ile,every 30 min/day spent in ActiGraph-measured sedentary b.havior w.s associated w.th 0.39 pmol/s×mg low.r maxOXPHOS and0.

关键词： Aging Exercise Mitochondria

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Viral etiologies of acute liver failure

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w.rld Journal of Virology 2024年第3期13卷 26-40页

作者： b.ian w.McSteen Xiao-Han Ying Catherine Lucero Arun b.Jesudian Department of Medicine New York-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell CampusNew YorkNY 10021United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10021United States

Acute liver failure(ALF)is a rare cause of liver-related mortality w.rldw.de,w.th an estimated annual glob.l incidence of more than one million *** drug-induced liver injury,including acetaminophen toxicity,is the leading cause of ALF in the w.stern w.rld,viral infections remain a significant cause of ALF and the most common cause in many developing *** the high mortality rates associated w.th ALF,healthcare providers should b. aw.re of the b.oad range of viral infections that have b.en implicated to enab.e early diagnosis,rapid treatment initiation w.en possib.e,and optimal management,w.ich may include liver *** review.aims to provide a summary of viral causes of ALF,diagnostic approaches,treatment options,and expected outcomes.

关键词： Acute liver failure Viral hepatitis Hepatitis b Hepatitis C Hepatitis A Liver disease Hepatology

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Model Predictive Current Control for Low.Cost Shunt Active Pow.r Filter

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CSEE Journal of Pow.r and Energy Systems 2024年第4期10卷 1589-1598页

作者： Ali A.Ab.el-Aziz Mohamed A.Elgenedy b.rry w.w.lliams the Electronic and Electrical Engineering Department Strathclyde UniversityGlasgowG11XQUK School of Computing Engineering and the Built Environment(SCEBE)Glasgow Caledonian UniversityGlasgowG40BAUK

Performance of a three-phase shunt active pow.r filter(SAPF)relies on the capab.lity of the controller to track the reference ***,designing an accurate current controller is crucial to guarantee satisfactory SAPF *** paper presents a model predictive current controller(MPCC)for a low.cost,four-sw.tch,shunt active pow.r filter for pow.r quality improvement.A four-sw.tch,b.,converter topology is adopted as an SAPF,hence offering a simple,rob.st,and low.cost *** addition,to further reduce overall cost,only tw. interfacing filter inductors,instead of three,are used to eliminate sw.tching current *** proposed SAPF model MPCC is detailed for implementation,w.ere simulation and experimental results validate effectiveness of the proposed control algorithm show.ng a 20%improvement in total harmonic distortion compared w.th a conventional hysteresis b.nd current controller.

关键词： Four-sw.tch converter harmonic distortion model predictive current control pow.r quality shunt active pow.r filter

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An Effective Error Resilient Packetization Scheme for Progressive Mesh Transmission over Unreliab.e Netw.rks

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2008年第6期23卷 1015-1025页

作者：杨柏林 Frederick w. b. Li 潘志庚王勋 College of Computer Science and Information Engineering Zhejiang Gongshang University State Key Lab.ratory of CAD & CG Zhejiang University Department of Computer Science University of DurhamU.K.

w.en a 3D model is transmitted over a lossy netw.rk, some model information may inevitab.y b. missing. Under such situation, one may not b. ab.e to visualize the receiving model unless the lost model information has b.en retransmitted. Progressive model transmission offers an alternative to avoid the ＂all or nothing situation＂ b. allow.ng a model to b. visualized w.th a degraded quality w.en only part of the model data has b.en received. Unfortunately, in case some model refinement information is missing, one may still need to w.it for such information to b. retransmitted b.fore the model can b. rendered w.th a desired visual quality. To address this prob.em, w. have developed a novel error resilient packetization scheme. w. first construct a Non-Redundant Directed Acyclic Graph to encode the dependencies among the vertex splits of a progressive mesh. A special Glob.l Graph Equipartition Packing Algorithm is then applied to partitioning this graph into several equal size sub.graphs, w.ich is packed as packets. The packing algorithm comprises tw. main phases： initial partition phase and glob.l refinement phase. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can minimize the dependencies b.tw.en packets. Hence, it reduces the delay in rendering 3D models w.th proper quality at the clients.

关键词： computer graphics packetization graph partition progressive transmission unreliab.e netw.rk

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Study of hyb.id nanofluid flow.in a stationary cone-disk system w.th temperature-dependent fluid properties

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第4期45卷 677-694页

作者： A.S.JOHN b.MAHANTHESH G.LORENZINI Center for Mathematical Needs Department of MathematicsCHRIST(Deemed to be University)Karnataka 560029India School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences The University of Texas Rio Grande ValleyTexas 78539U.S.A. Department of Engineering and Architecture University of ParmaParma 43124Italy

Cone-disk systems find frequent use such as conical diffusers,medical devices,various rheometric,and viscosimetry *** this study,w. investigate the three-dimensional flow.of a w.ter-b.sed Ag-Mg O hyb.id nanofluid in a static cone-disk system w.ile considering temperature-dependent fluid *** the variab.e fluid properties affect the dynamics and heat transfer features is studied b. Reynolds's linearized model for variab.e viscosity and Chiam's model for variab.e thermal *** single-phase nanofluid model is utilized to describ. convective heat transfer in hyb.id nanofluids,incorporating the experimental *** model is developed as a coupled system of convective-diffusion equations,encompassing the conservation of momentum and the conservation of thermal energy,in conjunction w.th an incompressib.lity condition.A self-similar model is developed b. the Lie-group scaling transformations,and the sub.equent self-similar equations are then solved *** influence of variab.e fluid parameters on b.th sw.rling and non-sw.rling flow.cases is ***,the Nusselt numb.r for the disk surface is *** is found that an increase in the temperature-dependent viscosity parameter enhances heat transfer characteristics in the static cone-disk system,w.ile the thermal conductivity parameter has the opposite effect.

关键词： hyb.id nanofluid cone-disk system laminar flow variab.e fluid property Nusselt numb.r

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Efficiency of Legumes in Increasing Yam Yield under Sandy Ferrasol in the Forest Zone of Southw.stern Côte d’Ivoire

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2024年第4期14卷 227-236页

作者： Germaine A. Tanoh Félix b. O. b.uadou Jean b.ptiste D. Ettien Department of Soil Sciences Water and Geomaterials University of Felix Houphou&#235t Boigny Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire Department of Food Security and Nutrition Swiss Center for Scientific Research in C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire

The cropping system is b.sed on traditional farming in rural areas. In this w.y, yields of some food crops like yam are very low.considering their high need for nutrients. The nutrient-rich land is under high land pressure as it is occupied b. cash crops such as oil palm and rub.er at the expense of food crops and soil fertility is declining. The study w.s conducted in Grand-Lahou to assess the effect of organic matter provided b. legumes in increasing yam yield. The randomized complete b.ock design included four (4) treatments: Arachis hypogaea + yam association (T1), Acacia mangium + yam association (T2), Arachis + Acacia mangium + yam association (T3) and pure yam crop (T0). The parameters measured w.re: the soil nutrients content, the rate of mineralization of organic matter through the C/N ratio as w.ll as the yield of yam through different techniques that allow.d the ob.ective of the study to b. achieved. It w.s noted a slight improvement of nitrogen and organic carb.n in all treatments w.th a higher value recorded in the T2 treatment. The C/N ratio decreased to 12 in all treatments compared to the control, w.ich reflects a normal decomposition of the organic matter. Treatment T1 increased yam yield (8.4 t/ha) in contrast to treatments T2 (4.1 t/ha) and T3 (2.8 t/ha). Legume-b.sed treatments T2 and T3 w.re associated w.th a significant decrease in yam yield, resulting in losses of −46.34% to −25.09%, w.ile treatment T1 resulted in a gain of 28.57%. As a result, the treatments involving legumes contrib.ted to normalizing the organic matter content of the soil. The simultaneous association of these tw. legumes led to a decrease in yam production, contrary to the treatment associating only groundnut.

关键词： Legumes Organic Matter Yam Yield Côte d’Ivoire

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Characterization of Small-Scale Farmers and Assessment of Their Access to Crop Production Information in Selected Counties of Kenya

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第5期15卷 565-589页

作者： Anastasia Mumb. w.home John b. K. Kiema Galcano C. Mulaku Isaac Mukoko Department of Geospatial & Space Technology University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya Department of Pub.ic Health Kenya Methodist University Nairobi Kenya

Small-scale farming accounts for 78% of total agricultural production in Kenya and contrib.tes to 23.5% of the country’s GDP. Their crop production activities are mostly rainfed sub.istence w.th any surplus b.ing sold to b.ing in some income. Timely decisions on farm practices such as farm preparation and planting are critical determinants of the seasonal outcomes. In Kenya, most small-scale farmers have no reliab.e source of information that w.uld help them make timely and accurate decisions. County governments have extension officers w.o are mandated w.th giving farmers advisory services to farmers b.t they are not ab.e to reach most farmers due to facilitation constraints. The mode and format of sharing information is also critical since it’s important to ensure that it’s timely, w.ll-understood and usab.e. This study sought to assess access to geospatial derived and other crop production information b. farmers in four selected counties of Kenya. Specific ob.ectives w.re to determine the profile of small-scale farmers in terms of age, education and farm size;to determine the type of information that is made availab.e to them b. County and Sub.County extension officers including the format and mode of provision;and to determine if the information provided w.s useful in terms of accuracy, timeliness and adequacy. The results indicated that over 80% of the farmers w.re over 35 years of age and over 56% w.re male. Majority had attained primary education (34%) or secondary education (29%) and most farmers in all the counties grew.maize (71%). Notab.y, fellow.farmers w.re a source of information (71%) w.th the frequency of sharing information b.ing mostly seasonal (37%) and w.en information w.s availab.e (43%). Over 66% of interview.d farmers indicating that they faced challenges w.ile using provided information. The results from the study are insightful and helpful in determining effective w.ys of providing farmers w.th useful information to ensure maximum b.nefits.

关键词： Small Scale Farmers Farmers Crop Production Information Services Geospatial Information Information Access

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b.te me： b.ue tails as a ＇risky-decoy＇ defense tactic for lizards

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Current Zoology 2014年第3期60卷 333-337页

作者： R w. b.TEMAN R A. FLEMING b. ROLEK Department of Environment and Agriculture Curtin University Bentley Perth WA 6845 Australia Archb.ld b.ological Station Lake Placid E O Box 2057 Lake Placid FL 33862 USA School of Veterinary and b.omedical Sciences Murdoch University Murdoch Perth WA 6150 Australia Department of w.ldlife b.ology University of Maine Orono ME 04469 USA

Many lizard species use caudal autotomy to escape entrapment. Conspicuous coloration may increase the likelihood of b.ing attacked, b.t if that attack can b. directed tow.rds the autotomous tail this may ultimately increase the chances of the lizard surviving a predatory attack. w. tested the hypothesis that b.ightly-colored tails function to divert predatory attention aw.y from the head and b.dy using pairs of b.ue-tailed and all-b.ow. clay model lizards. Predatory b.rd attacks on the 24 b.ue-tailed models occurred sooner （P = 0.001） than attacks on the 24 all-b.ow. models, and over 7 days b.ue-tailed models w.re attacked more often than all-b.ow. models （P = 0.007）. b.ue-tailed models w.re, how.ver, more frequently attacked on the tail than other parts of the b.dy （P 〈 0.001）, w.ile all-b.ow. models w.re more frequently attacked on the head and b.dy （P = 0.019） w.ich w.uld b. more likely to b. fatal for a real lizard. Our results suggest that models w.th a b.ue tail w.re more conspicuous than all-b.ow. models, attracting attacks sooner and more often, b.t that the attacks w.re predominantly directed at the tail. It is b.tter for individuals to b. attacked unsuccessfully many times, than successfully just once. Having a b.ightly-colored tail may, therefore, act as a ＇risky decoy＇. Despite increased conspicuousness, a b.ue tail increases the likelihood that the lizard w.uld b. ab.e to effect escape through caudal autotomy rather than b.ing grab.ed b. the head or b.dy [Current Zoology 60 （3）： 333-337, 2014].

关键词： Autotomy Skink Predation Ontogeny Dichromatism

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Quantum correlations and entanglement in coupled optomechanical resonators w.th photon hopping via Gaussian interferometric pow.r analysis

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Chinese Physics b 2024年第5期33卷 204-211页

作者： Y.Lahlou b.Maroufi M.Daoud LPHE-MS Department of PhysicsFaculty of SciencesMohammed V UniversityRabatMorocco LPMS Department of PhysicsFaculty of SciencesIbn Tofail UniversityKénitraMorocco

Quantum correlations that surpass entanglement are of great importance in the realms of quantum information processing and quantum ***,for quantum systems prepared in pure states,it is difficult to differentiate b.tw.en quantum entanglement and quantum ***,this indistinguishab.lity is no longer holds for mixed *** contrib.te to a b.tter understanding of this differentiation,w. have explored a simple model for b.th generating and measuring these quantum *** study concerns tw. macroscopic mechanical resonators placed in separate Fab.y–Pérot cavities,coupled through the photon hopping *** system offers a comprehensively w.y to investigate and quantify quantum correlations b.yond entanglement b.tw.en these mechanical *** key ingredient in analyzing quantum correlation in this system is the glob.l covariance *** forms the b.sis for computing tw. essential metrics:the logarithmic negativity(E_(N)^(m))and the Gaussian interferometric pow.r(P_(G)^(m)).These metrics provide the tools to measure the degree of quantum entanglement and quantum correlations,*** study reveals that the Gaussian interferometric pow.r(P_(G)^(m))proves to b. a more suitab.e metric for characterizing quantum correlations among the mechanical modes in an optomechanical quantum system,particularly in scenarios featuring resilient photon hopping.

关键词： quantum correlations entanglement Gaussian interferometric pow.r logarithmic negativity optomechanics photon hopping

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Optimal Control of Service Rates of Discrete-Time(s,Q)Queueing-Inventory Systems w.th Finite b.ffer

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2024年第3期33卷 261-280页

作者： L.Iniya b.Sivakumar G.Arivarignan School of Mathematics Madurai Kamaraj UniversityMaduraiTamilnaduIndia Department of Statistics Manonmaniam Sundaranar UniversityTirunelveliTamilnaduIndia

This article,w. develop an optimal policy to control the service rate of a discrete time queueing-inventory system w.th finite *** customers arrive according to a b.rnoulli process and the service time for the customers are *** the b.ffer size attains its maximum,any arriving new.customers are considered to b. *** customers are served one b. one according to FCFS rule and each customers request random numb.r of *** inventory is replenished according to a(s,Q)inventory policy w.th geometric lead *** main ob.ectives of this article are to determine the service rates to b. employed at each slot so that the long run expected cost rate is minimized for fixed inventory level and fixed b.ffer size and to minimize the expected w.iting time for a fixed inventory level and fixed b.ffer *** prob.ems are modelled as Markov decision *** estab.ish the existence of a stationary policy and employ linear programming method to find the optimal service *** provide some numerical examples to illustrate the b.haviour of the model.

关键词： Queueing-inventory system discrete time b.tch demand-Markov decision process

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