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w.ter Vapor Information from Satellite and Its Applications

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第1期41卷 188-189页

作者： b.J.SOHN School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea

w.ter vapor is a critical component of the hydrological cycle b.cause it plays a vital role in transporting w.ter from one part of the cycle to *** vapor evaporated from surfaces such as oceans,lakes,and rivers conden... 详细信息

关键词： motion oceans lakes

Soils in extraterrestrial space: Need for studies under microgravity

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 13-14页

作者： M.b.KIRKHAM Department of Agronomy Kansas State UniversityManhattan KS 66506USA

w.th the increased interest of plants in space, gravity cannot b. ignored w.en studying soil-plant-w.ter relations. Therefore, it is important to understand the w.ter relations of soils under zero gravity in space or under reduced gravity on the Moon or Mars. This paper outlines the prob.ems of moving w.ter in soils under zero gravity or microgravity, as w.ll as grow.ng plants in these soils. It is suggested that microgravity experiments could b. done on Earth using b.th soils and plants. Results from such experiments could b. used to grow.plants w.en mankind estab.ishes b.ses on the Moon and Mars.

关键词： soils soil b.ses

保卫人道主义：乌托邦与马克思主义——凯文·安德森教授访谈

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Influence of alloying elements on microstructure and microhardness of Mg-Sn-Zn-b.sed alloys

社会科学家 2024年第2期 3-8页

作者：凯文·b.安德森王杰冯芙蓉加州大学圣巴巴拉分校浙江大学哲学学院

乌托邦被凯文·安德森视为理解马克思的一个重要关键词，在他看来，马克思是从超越资本主义的视角来展开对资本主义社会的批判，这一过程包含着对未来理想社会的想象，这已经具有了乌托邦的色彩。乌托邦在马克思那里并不是一个单纯的学... 详细信息

乌托邦被凯文·安德森视为理解马克思的一个重要关键词，在他看来，马克思是从超越资本主义的视角来展开对资本主义社会的批判，这一过程包含着对未来理想社会的想象，这已经具有了乌托邦的色彩。乌托邦在马克思那里并不是一个单纯的学术课题，相反，它具有切实的实践含义并在当代积极地塑造着社会的面貌。在《马克思在边缘》一书中，安德森指出马克思克服了欧洲中心主义，逐渐对社会发展形成一种多线性的思维方式。以此为方法论，安德森对十月革命、爱尔兰革命和中国的革命运动展开了深入研究。

关键词：保卫人道主义乌托邦马克思主义多线性文学方法论

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2010年第12期20卷 2246-2252页

作者： w. L. CHENG S. PARK w. N. TANG b. S. YOU b. H. KOO School of Nano ＆ Advanced Materials Engineering Changwon National University Changwon 641-773 South Korea Light Metals Research Group Korea Institute of Materials Science （KIMS） Changwon 641-831 South Korea

The phase evolution in （88%-91%）Mg-8%Sn-l%Zn-X （X=A1, Mn and/or Ce） system w.s analyzed via CALPHAD method and simulations w.re used in precise selection of the chemical composition. The influence of the addition of different alloying elements such as A1, Mn and Ce on the microstructure and microhardness of Mg-8%Sn-l%Zn-b.sed alloys w.s investigated. Comb.ned addition of A1 and Mn show. features distinct from separate addition of A1 or Mn. Additions of l%AI and l%Mn to b.se alloy result in the formation of massive A1-Mn phase in a-Mg matrix grains. Addition of Ce element can refme the second eutectic precipitates and form intermetallic compounds w.th Sn. Fine rod-like Sn-Ce phase presents mainly on the grain b.undaries and plays a role in inhib.ting grain grow.h. The effects of alloying elements on Vickers microhardness and indentation size effect of b.se alloy w.re examined.

关键词： magnesium alloys alloying elements CALPHAD method hardness indentation size effect

Quasi-Static, Poiseuille Flow.of Analgesics from an Elastomeric Pump: Theoretical Determination of Infusion Times and Toxicity Conditions

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Journal of b.osciences and Medicines 2024年第9期12卷 251-265页

作者： Clare b. Lipscomb. Trevor C. Lipscomb. Don S. Lemons Division of General Surgery Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA Catholic University of America Press Washington DC USA Department of Physics Bethel College North Newton KS USA

b.ckground: Elastomeric pumps (elastic b.lls into w.ich analgesics or antib.otics can b. inserted) push medicines through a catheter to a nerve or b.ood vessel. Since elastomeric pumps are small and need no pow.r source, they fit easily into a pocket during infusion, allow.ng patient mob.lity. Elastomeric pumps are w.dely used and w.dely studied experimentally, b.t they have w.ll-know. prob.ems, such as maintaining reliab.e flow.rates and avoiding toxicity or other peak-and-trough effects. Ob.ectives: Our research ob.ective is to develop a realistic theoretical model of an elastomeric pump, analyze its flow.rates, determine its toxicity conditions, and otherw.se improve its operation. w. b.lieve this is the first such theoretical model of an elastomeric pump consisting of an elastic, medicine-filled b.ll attached to a horizontal catheter. Method: Our method is to model the system as a quasi-Poiseuille flow.driven b. the pressure drop generated b. the elastic sphere. w. construct an engineering model of the pressure exerted b. an elastic sphere and match it to a solution of the one-dimensional radial Navier-Stokes equation that describ.s flow.through a horizontal, cylindrical tub.. Results: Our results are that the model accurately reproduces flow.rates ob.ained in clinical studies. w. also discover that the flow.rate has an unavoidab.e maximum, w.ich w. call the “toxicity b.mp”, w.en the radius of the sphere approaches its terminal, unstretched value—an effect that has b.en ob.erved experimentally. Conclusions: w. conclude that b. choosing the properties of an elastomeric pump, the toxicity b.mp can b. restricted to less than 10% of the earlier, relatively constant flow.rate. Our model also produces a relation b.tw.en the length of time that the analgesic fluid infuses and the physical properties of the fluid, of the elastomeric sphere and the tub., and of the b.ood vessel into w.ich the analgesic infuses. From these, w. conclude that elastomeric pumps can b. design

关键词： Elastomeric Pump Infusion Therapy b.o-Fluids Medical Devices Antib.otic Delivery Analgesic Delivery

Impact of Relative Dose Intensity (RDI) on Survival in Non-Metastatic b.east Cancer: Nigerian Experience

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Journal of b.osciences and Medicines 2024年第7期12卷 120-131页

作者： Samira b. L. Makanjuola Ab.odun Olaniyi Popoola Mob.laji Adew.le Oludara Department of Pharmacology College of Medicine Lagos State University (LASUCOM) Lagos Nigeria Department of Radiology & Oncology College of Medicine Lagos State University (LASUCOM) Lagos Nigeria Department of Surgery Lagos State Teaching Hospital (LASUTH) Lagos Nigeria

b.ckground: This study w.s initiated to determine practices patterns in adjuvant chemotherapy for non-metastatic b.east cancer and to examine the relationship b.tw.en received dose intensity (RDI) and survival in patients w.th b.east cancer Nigeria. Methods: Our study w.s a retrospective analysis of patients w.th b.east cancer recruited from 2012 and 2015. A total of 204 patients w.re initially entered into the study, 102 w.re lost to follow.up leaving 102 patients w.o w.re suitab.e for the survival analysis. Survival time w.s calculated from 106 days, the scheduled end of chemotherapy. Results: The total average RDI for patients w.s 74%. Over the 204 patients that w.re review.d, 144 (70.6%) had some reduction of RDI. This sub.roup had an average RDI of 63%. On average, 79% of the intended dose of chemotherapy w.s given. The time to completion of chemotherapy w.s 1.33 times that specified b. the protocol. Dose delays an overall reduction w.s mainly attrib.ted to intolerab.lity and financial constraints. Survival b. RDI show.d a significant decrease in survival rate for patients w.th RDI of >49% (Hazard Ratio = 3.473, 95% CI 1.21 - 9.91, P = 0.020);RDI of 50% - 59% (Hazard Ratio = 3.916, 95% CI 1.01 - 15.18, P = 0.048);RDI of 60% - 69% (Hazard Ratio = 4.462, 95% CI 1.65 - 12.03, P = 0.003) compared w.th patients w.o received an RDI of 100%. Although associated w.th poorer prognosis, there w.re no significant changes in the survival rate for patients w.th RDI of 70% - 79% (Hazard Ratio = 1.667, 95% CI 0.56 - 4.96, P = 0.359);RDI of 80% - 89% (Hazard Ratio = 1.620, 95% CI 0.47 - 5.53, P = 0.441);RDI 90% - 99% (Hazard Ratio = 1.590, 95% CI 0.53 - 4.73, P = 0.405) compared w.th patients w.o received an RDI of 100%. Conclusion: This study provides evidence that decreased RDI of b.east cancer patients is strongly associated w.th decreased overall survival.

关键词： b.east Cancer Chemotherapy RDI Survival Rate

CompactChain:an efficient stateless chain for UTXO-model b.ockchain

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2024年第2期18卷 167-179页

作者： b.Sw.roopa REDDY T Uday Kiran REDDY Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology HyderabadHyderabadTelangana 502285India

In this w.rk,w. propose a stateless b.ockchain called CompactChain,w.ich compacts the entire state of the UTXO(Unspent Transaction Output)b.sed b.ockchain systems into tw. RSA *** first accumulator is called Transaction Output(TXO)commitment w.ich represents the TXO *** second one is called Spent Transaction Output(STXO)commitment w.ich represents the STXO *** this w.rk,w. discuss three algorithms:(i)To update the TXO and STXO commitments b. the *** miner also provides the proofs for the correctness of the updated commitments;(ii)To prove the transaction’s validity b. providing a memb.rship w.tness in TXO commitment and non-memb.rship w.tness against STXO commitment for a coin b.ing spent b. a user;(iii)To update the w.tness for the coin that is not yet spent;The experimental results evaluate the performance of the CompactChain in terms of time taken b. a miner to update the commitments and time taken b. a validator to verify the commitments and validate the *** compare the performance of CompactChain w.th the existing state-of-the-art w.rks on stateless *** show. a reduction in commitments update complexity and transaction w.tness size w.ich inturn reduces the mempool size and propagation latency w.thout compromising the system throughput(Transactions per second(TPS)).

关键词： stateless b.ockchain RSA Accumulator STXO commitment TXO commitment UTXO Non-interactive Proof of Exponentiation(NI-PoE) Transactions per second(TPS)

Closing the Experiment-Modeling-Perturb.tion Loop in w.ole-b.ain Neuroscience

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Neuroscience b.lletin 2024年第8期40卷 1212-1214页

作者： Misha b.Ahrens Janelia Research Campus Howard Hughes Medical InstituteAshburnVAUSA

Understanding the mechanisms b. w.ich the central nervous system processes information,forms memories,makes decisions,and executes actions is a challenging *** is an interdisciplinary field in w.ich cell b.ology,anatomy,netw.rk theory,and other scientific disciplines come together to jointly push our know.edge of b.ain function forw.rd.

关键词： execute know.edge jointly

Quantized autoencoder(QAE)intrusion detection system for anomaly detection in resource-constrained loT devices using RT-loT2022 dataset

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Cyb.rsecurity 2024年第2期7卷 13-27页

作者： b.S Sharmila Rohini Nagapadma Depatment of Electronics and Communication Engineering The National Institute of EngineeringMysoreKarnataka 570008India

In recent years,many researchers focused on unsupervised learning for netw.rk anomaly detection in edge devices to identify *** deployment of the unsupervised autoencoder model is computationally expensive in resource-constrained edge *** study proposes quantized autoencoder(QAE)model for intrusion detection systems to detect *** is an optimization model derived from autoencoders that incorporate pruning,clustering,and integer quantization *** autoencoder uint8(QAE-u8)and quantized autoencoder float16(QAE-f16)are tw. variants of QAE b.ilt to deploy computationally expensive Al models into Edge ***,w. have generated a Real-Time Internet of Things 2022 dataset for normal and attack *** autoencoder model operates on normal traffic during the training *** same model is then used to reconstruct anomaly traffic under the assumption that the reconstruction error(RE)of the anomaly w.ll b. high,w.ich helps to identify the ***,w. study the performance of the autoencoders,QAE-u8,and QAE-f16 using accuracy,precision,recall,and F1 score through an extensive experimental *** show.d that QAE-u8 outperforms all other models w.th a reduction of 70.01%in average memory utilization,92.23%in memory size compression,and 27.94%in peak CPU ***,the proposed QAE-u8 model is more suitab.e for deployment on resource-constrained IoT edge devices.

关键词： IoT constrained system