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Soluble epoxide hydrolase:a next-generation drug target for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2585-2586页

作者： andrew Gregory Chengyun Tang Fan Fan Department of Physiology Medical College of GeorgiaAugusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA

Alzheimer's disease(AD)and Alzheimer's diseaserelated dementias(ADRD)represent a significant public health challenge,with projections indicating a substantial increase in affected individuals due to the aging global *** the world Health Organization,AD/ADRD has affected more than 55 million individuals worldwide,with an additional 10 million cases diagnosed each year.

关键词： Alzheimer population drug

Human endogenous retrovirus type-w and multiple sclerosis–related smoldering neuroinflammation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 813-814页

作者： Joel Gruchot Laura Reiche andrew Chan Robert Hoepner Patrick Küry Department of Neurology Medical Faculty and University Hospital DüsseldorfHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Department of Neurology InselspitalBern University Hospital and University of BernBernSwitzerland

Introduction to human endogenous retrovirus type-w(HERV-w): Genomic inheritance from the past includes retroviral sequences that have been stably incorporated into our genomes and account for up to 8% of human DNA.

关键词： endogenous inflammation Human

Predicting intensity of white-tailed deer herbivory in the Central Appalachian Mountains

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Journal of Forestry Research 2018年第3期29卷 830-839页

作者： andrew B.Kniowski w.Mark Ford Department of Fish and wildlife Conservation Virginia Tech U.S. Geological Survey Virginia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit Virginia Tech

In eastern North America, white-tailed deer(Odocoileus virginianus) can have profound influences on forest biodiversity and forest successional *** to high deer populations in the central Appalachians have resulted in lower forest *** effects in some areas persist even following deer population reductions or declines. This has prompted managers to consider deer population management goals in light of policies designed to support conservation of biodiversity and forest regeneration while continuing to support ample recreational hunting opportunities. However,despite known relationships between herbivory intensity and biodiversity impact, little information exists on the predictability of herbivory intensity across the varied and spatially diverse habitat conditions of the central Appalachians. we examined the predictability of browsing rates across central Appalachian landscapes at four environmental scales: vegetative community characteristics, physical environment, habitat configuration, and local human and deer population demographics. In an information-theoretic approach, we found that a model fitting the number of stems browsed relative to local vegetation characteristics received most(62%) of the overall support of all tested models assessing herbivory impact. Our data suggest that deer herbivory responded most predictably to differences in vegetation quantity and type. No other spatial factors or demographic factors consistently affected browsing intensity. Because herbivory, vegetation communities, and productivity vary spatially, we suggest that effective broad-scale herbivory impact assessment should include spatially-balanced vegetation monitoring that accounts for regional differences in deer forage *** monitoring is necessary to avoid biodiversity impacts and deleterious changes in vegetation community composition that are difficult to reverse and/or may not be detected using traditional deer-density based

关键词： Biodiversity Central Appalachian Mountains Herbivory Odocoileus virginianus Predicting browsing intensity white-tailed deer

Recurrent hepatitis C after liver transplant

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world Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第31期20卷 10668-10681页

作者： andrew S deLemos Paul A Schmeltzer Mark w Russo Department of Medicine Center for Liver Diseases and Transplantation Carolinas Medical Center

End stage liver disease from hepatitis C is the most common indication for liver transplantation in many parts of the world accounting for up to 40% of liver transplants. Antiviral therapy either before or after liver transplantation is challenging due to side effects and lower efficacy in patients with cirrhosis and liver transplant recipients, as well as from drug interactions with immunosuppressants. Factors that may affect recurrent hepatitis C include donor age, immunosuppression, IL28 B genotype, cytomegalovirus infection, and metabolic syndrome. Older donor age has persistently been shown to have the greatest impact on recurrent hepatitis C. After liver transplantation, distinguishing recurrent hepatitis C from acute cellular rejection may be difficult, although the development of molecular markers may help in making the correct diagnosis. The advent of interferon free regimens with direct acting antiviral agents that include NS3/4A protease inhibitors, NS5 B polymerase inhibitors and NS5 A inhibitors holds great promise in improving outcomes for liver transplant candidates and recipients.

关键词： Hepatitis C Liver transplant Donor risk factors Immunosuppression Protease inhibitors Fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis C Acute cellular rejection Cytomegalovirus

A Search for Exoplanets in Open Clusters and Young Associations based on TESS Objects of Interest

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2022年第7期22卷 139-150页

作者： Qinghui Sun Sharon Xuesong wang Tianjun Gan andrew w.Mann Department of Astronomy Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Physics and Astronomy The University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA

we report the results of our search for planet candidates in open clusters and young stellar associations based on the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite(TESS) Objects of Interest *** find one confirmed planet,one promising candidate,one brown dwarf and three unverified planet candidates in a sample of 1229 open clusters from the second Gaia data *** discuss individual planet-star systems based on their basic parameters,membership probability and the observation notes from the ExoFOP-TESS *** also find ten planet candidates(P> 95%) in young stellar associations by using the BANYAN ∑ Multivariate Bayesian *** the ten candidates,five are known planetary *** estimate the rotation periods of the host stars using the TESS light curves and estimate their ages based on *** candidates with periodic variations are likely to be young planets,but their exact memberships to young stellar associations remain unknown.

关键词： (stars:)planetary systems (Galaxy:)open clusters and associations:general planets and satellites:detection catalogs

Atomism,Communitarianism,and Confucian Familism

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Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 2022年第2期15卷 259-275页

作者： andrew T.w.Hung Division of Social Sciences Humanities and DesignCollege of Professional and Continuing EducationThe Hong Kong Polytechnic University8 Hung Lok RoadHung HomKowloonHong Kong

Charles Taylor criticizes many liberal theories based on a kind of atomism that assumes the individual self-sufficiency outside the *** not only causes soft-relativism and political fragmentation but also undermines the solidarity of the community,that is,the very condition of the formation of autonomous *** thus argues for communitarian politics which protects certain cultural common goods for sustaining the solidarity of the ***,Brenda Lyshaug criticizes Taylor’s communitarianism as suppressing plurality and enhancing hostility among cultural *** the face of such controversies,I argue for modern Confucian familism which emphasizes the family as a common good that provides a safe,stable,and nurturing environment for nurturing children and cultivating civility for future generations with a sense of community and autonomy.I also defend Confucian familism from four possible criticisms:insufficiency of familism,hierarchical relationship in the family,the danger of nepotism,and challenge from postmodern families.I argue that unlike traditional Confucianism,modern moderation of the Confucian family can greatly reduce the hierarchical problem;its emphasis on the family as one of the foundations of politics can avoid the danger of being atomistic liberalism and suppressive communitarianism.

关键词： Atomism Communitarianism Charles Taylor Confucianism Familism

Inflammasome links traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1644-1664页

作者： Gabriela Seplovich Yazan Bouchi Juan Pablo de Rivero Vaccari Jennifer C.Munoz Pareja andrew Reisner Laura Blackwell Yehia Mechref Kevin K.wang J.Adrian Tyndall Binu Tharakan Firas Kobeissy Department of Surgery Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurobiology Center for NeurotraumaMultiomics&Biomarkers(CNMB)Neuroscience InstituteMorehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurological Surgery and the Miami Project to Cure Paralysis University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Division of Pediatric Critical Care Department of PediatricsUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Department of Pediatrics Emory UniversityAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurosurgery Children’s Healthcare of AtlantaAtlantaGAUSA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTXUSA Morehouse School of Medicine AtlantaGAUSA

Traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease are three distinct neurological disorders that share common pathophysiological mechanisms involving neuroinflammation. One sequela of neuroinflammation includes the pathologic hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, an endogenous microtubule-associated protein that protects the integrity of neuronal cytoskeletons. Tau hyperphosphorylation results in protein misfolding and subsequent accumulation of tau tangles forming neurotoxic aggregates. These misfolded proteins are characteristic of traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease and can lead to downstream neuroinflammatory processes, including assembly and activation of the inflammasome complex. Inflammasomes refer to a family of multimeric protein units that, upon activation, release a cascade of signaling molecules resulting in caspase-induced cell death and inflammation mediated by the release of interleukin-1β cytokine. One specific inflammasome, the NOD-like receptor protein 3, has been proposed to be a key regulator of tau phosphorylation where it has been shown that prolonged NOD-like receptor protein 3 activation acts as a causal factor in pathological tau accumulation and spreading. This review begins by describing the epidemiology and pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease. Next, we highlight neuroinflammation as an overriding theme and discuss the role of the NOD-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome in the formation of tau deposits and how such tauopathic entities spread throughout the brain. we then propose a novel framework linking traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease as inflammasomedependent pathologies that exist along a temporal continuum. Finally, we discuss potential therapeutic targets that may intercept this pathway and ultimately minimize long-term neurological decline.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease caspase-1 chronic traumatic encephalopathy inflammasomes neurodegeneration neuroinflammation NLRP1 NLRP3 pyroptosis tauopathy traumatic brain injury

Microstructure and strength of a tantalum-tungsten alloy after cold rolling from small to large strains

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第24期83卷 34-48页

作者： Guoqiang Ma Darcy A.Hughes andrew w.Godfrey Qiang Chen Niels Hansena Guilin wu College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing400044China Department of Mechanical Engineering Technical University of DenmarkDK-2800KgsLyngbyDenmark Fremont CAUSA Laboratory of Advanced Materials(MOE) School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Southwest Technology and Engineering Research Institute Chongqing400039China Technical University of Denmark Risoe CampusDK-4000RoskildeDenmark Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China

Microstructural evolution of a refractory tantalum-tungsten alloy(Ta-4%w)after cold rolling from small to large von-Mises strains(0.12-2.7)was quantitatively studied using transmission electron *** subdivision was observed to take place at two *** necessary boundaries nearly paralleling to slip planes enclosed volumes further divided by diffuse cells and by remnants of Taylor *** increasing strain,the diffuse cells evolved into clear incidental dislocation boundaries enclosing cells,while the Taylor lattices *** subdivision was thus intermediate between those observed in cell forming and in non-cell forming ***,the average misorientation angle across all boundaries increased while the average boundary spacing *** of the microstructural parameters at each strain level were found to exhibit universal scaling *** microstructural evolution was found closely linking to the observed high strength and strain hardening of this *** on measured microstructural parameters,the flow stress was calculated utilizing linearly addition of the strengthening by solutes,incidental dislocation boundaries(Taylor strengthening)and geometrically necessary boundaries(Hall-Petch equation).The relative contribution of each strength mechanism evolved with increasing strain and with microstructural evolution:solutes and friction stress dominated at small strains while boundaries dominated at larger *** strengths were in close agreement with experimental tension tests and demonstrated an unexpectedly high and continuous parabolic hardening without transition across this large strain range.

关键词： Tantalum Deformation microstructure Geometrically necessary boundaries Taylor lattices Flow stress

where physics meets chemistry： Thin film deposition from reactive plasmas

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2016年第4期10卷 441-458页

作者： andrew Michelmore Jason D. whittle James w. Bradley Robert D. Short School of Engineering University of South Australia Mawson Lakes Australia SA 5095 Future Industries Institute University of South Australia Mawson Lakes Australia SA 5095 Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics University of Liverpool Liverpool L69 3GJ UK Material Science Institute Lancaster University Lancaster LA1 4YW UK

Functionalising surfaces using polymeric thin films is an industrially important field. One technique for achieving nanoscale, controlled surface functionalization is plasma deposition. Plasma deposition has advantages over other surface engineering processes, including that it is solvent free, substrate and geometry independent, and the surface properties of the film can be designed by judicious choice of precursor and plasma conditions. Despite the utility of this method, the mechanisms of plasma polymer growth are generally unknown, and are usually described by chemical （i.e., radical） pathways. In this review, we aim to show that plasma physics drives the chemistry of the plasma phase, and surface-plasma interactions. For example, we show that ionic species can react in the plasma to form larger ions, and also arrive at surfaces with energies greater than 1000 kJ·mol^-1 （〉10 eV） and thus facilitate surface reactions that have not been taken into account previously. Thus, improving thin film deposition processes requires an understanding of both physical and chemical processes in plasma.

关键词： thin films plasma physics plasma chemistry,functionalization polymer