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Identifying ecological corridors for Amur tigers(Panthera tigris altaica)and Amur leopards(Panthera pardus orientalis)

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Integrative Zoology 2015年第4期10卷 389-402页

作者： Dale G.MIQUELLE vyachaslav v.rozhnov victor ERMOSHIN Andre A.MURZIN Igor G.NIKOLAEv Jose A.HERNANDEZ-BLANCO Sergie v.NAIDENKO Wildlife Conservation Society BronxNew YorkUSA A.N.Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution Russian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia Pacific Institute of Geography Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesVladivostokRussia The Institute of Biology and Soils Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesVladivostokRussia

The rapid explosion of human populations and the associated development of human-dominated landscapes have drastically reduced and fragmented habitat for tigers(Panthera tigris)and leopards(Panthera pardus)across Asia,resulting in multiple small ***,Amur tiger(Panthera tigris altaica)habitat in Russia has remained largely interconnected,except for a break between tigers in southwest Primorye and the southern Sikhote-Alin *** habitat patch in southwest Primorye also retains the last population of Amur leopards(Panthera pardus orientalis).Genetic differentiation of tigers in southwest Primorye and the Sikhote-Alin Mountains along with survey data suggest that habitat fragmentation is limiting movement of tigers and leopards across the Razdolnaya River *** looked at historical and recent survey data on tigers and leopards and mapped existing cover types to examine land-use patterns of both large felids and humans in the development strip along the Razdolnaya *** then used least-cost distance analyses to identify the most effective potential corridor to retain connectivity for large felids between Land of the Leopard National Park and Ussuriskii Zapovednik(Reserve).We identified a single potential corridor that still exists with a total distance of 62.5 km from Land of the Leopard National Park to Ussuriskii Zapovednik,mostly(93%)through forested *** recommend formal recognition of a Razdolnaya ecological corridor and provide specific recommendations for each of 3 proposed management sections.

关键词： Amur tiger ecological corridor Sikhote-Alin Mountains

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Genetic structure of the Amur tiger(Panthera tigris altaica)population:Are tigers in Sikhote-Alin and southwest Primorye truly isolated?

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Integrative Zoology 2016年第1期11卷 25-32页

作者： Pavel A.SOROKIN vyatcheslav v.rozhnov Anna U.KRASNENKO victor S.LUKAREvSKIY Sergey v.NAIDENKO Jose A.HERNANDEZ-BLANCO A.N.Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution Russian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia

We used molecular genetic analyses to noninvasively identify individual Amur tigers and define subpopulations of tigers in the Russian Far *** identified 63 individuals after genotyping 256 feces,7 hair and 11 blood samples collected within southern,central and northern Sikhote-Alin,as well as Southwest *** of nuclear DNA at 9 microsatellite loci demonstrated greater genetic similarity between animals from southern and northern Sikhote-Alin(some 500 km apart)than between animals from Ussuriskii State Nature Reserve and Southwest Primorye(less than 10 km apart at their nearest point),suggesting that a true barrier exists preventing movements of tigers between Southwest Primorye and the southern Sikhote-Alin Mountains.

关键词： Amur tiger fecal DNA noninvasive genetic sampling Panthera tigris altaica

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Social structure and space use of Amur tigers(Panthera tigris altaica)in Southern Russian Far East based on GPS telemetry data

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Integrative Zoology 2015年第4期10卷 365-375页

作者： Jose A.HERNANDEZ-BLANCO Sergei v.NAIDENKO Maria D.CHISTOPOLOvA victor S.LUKAREvSKIY Alexey KOSTYRYA Alexandr RYBIN Pavel A.SOROKIN Mikhail N.LITvINOv Andrey K.KOTLYAR Dale G.MIQUELLE viatcheslav v.rozhnov A.N.Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution Russian Academy of ScienceMoscowRussia v.L.Komarov Ussuriskii State Nature Reserve Far Eastern BranchRussian Academy of ScienceUssuriskRussia Institute of Biology and Soil Sciences Far Eastern BranchRussian Academy of ScienceVladivostokRussia Wildlife Conservation Society VladivostokRussia

To better understand the spatial structure of Amur tigers(Panthera tigris altaica)at the southern edge of their range we fitted 14 tigers(6♀♀and 8♂♂)with 15 GPS-Argos collars between 2008 and 2011 in 2 study sites:the Ussuriskii Reserve of southern Sikhote-Alin and the Land of the Leopard National Park in southwest Primorye,Russian Far *** kernel estimates of male home ranges were larger than those of female home ranges(Pvaried greatly,but on average was similar to estimates derived from earlier work further *** overlap of adjacent home ranges suggested that females retained exclusive *** core areas of females overlapped only slightly,and remained stable over multiple *** home ranges of adult males were smaller than those of males to the north,and in contrast to previous studies,high overlap among males indicated the absence of ***,real core areas of males did not overlap,suggesting some spatial *** comparison to other tiger populations and other areas of the Russian Far East,the sex ratio in our 2 study areas was highly skewed towards *** believe this skewed sex ratio resulted in the dissolution of territoriality of males due to an inability to defend individual females,with males resorting to scramble competition for *** monitoring of these sites to determine whether shifts in the sex ratio might result in a return to male territoriality would provide confirmation of our tentative hypothesis.

关键词： Amur tiger GPS-Argos telemetry home range overlap Panthera tigris altaica space use social structure sex ratio

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Assurance of the existence of a trans-boundary population of the snow leopard(Panthera uncia)at Tsagaanshuvuut-Tsagan-Shibetu SPA at the Mongolia-Russia border

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Integrative Zoology 2020年第3期15卷 224-231页

作者： Andrey D.POYARKOv Bariushaa MUNKHTSOG Miroslav P.KORABLEv Alexander N.KUKSIN Dmitry Y.ALEXANDROv Maria D.CHISTOPOLOvA Jose Antonio HERNANDEZ-BLANCO Оchirjav MUNKHTOGTOKH Alexander S.KARNAUKHOv Namdag LKHAMSUREN Munkhtsog BAYARAA Rodney M.JACKSON Aishwarya MAHESHWARI viatcheslav v.rozhnov A.N.Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution Russian Academy of Sciences Institute of General and Experimental Biology Mongolian Academy of SciencesMongolia State Biosphere Reserve Ubsunur KotlovinaRussia WWF Mongolia Mongolia WWF Russia Russia State Biosphere Reserve Uvs NuurMongolia Irbis Mongolian center Mongolia Wildlife Institute College of Nature Conservation of the Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijingChina Snow Leopard Conservancy USA Banda University of Agriculture and Technology BandaUttar PradeshIndia

The existence of a trans-boundary population of the snow leopard(Panthera uncia)that inhabits the massifs of Tsagaanshuvuut(Mongolia)-Tsagan-Shibetu(Russia)was determined through non-invasive genetic analysis of scat samples and by studying the structure of territory use by a collared female *** genetic analysis included species identification of samples through sequencing of a fragment of the cytochrome b gene and individual identification using a panel of 8 *** home range of a female snow leopard marked with a satellite Global Positioning System(GPS)collar was represented by the minimum convex polygon method(MCP)100,the MCP 95 method and the fixed kernel 95 *** results revealed insignificant genetic differentiation between snow leopards that inhabit both massifs(minimal fixation index[FST]),and the data testify to the unity of the cross-border ***,5 common individuals were identified from Mongolian and Russian *** finding clearly shows that their home range includes territories of both *** addition,regular movement of a collared snow leopard in Mongolia and Russia confirmed the existence of a cross-border snow leopard *** data support that trans-boundary conservation is important for snow leopards in both *** conclude that it is crucial for Russia to study the northern range of snow leopards in Asia.

关键词： FST home range Panthera uncia snow leopard trans-boundary population

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Symmetry of echinoderms: From initial bilaterally-asymmetric metamerism to pentaradiality

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Natural Science 2014年第4期6卷 171-183页

作者： Sergey v. rozhnov Borissiak Paleontological Institute RAS Moscow Russia

Echinoderm radial symmetry has first appeared in the ambulacral system, when the ambulacral channel assumed the shape of a closed ring or a horseshoe with approximated ends, and then spread onto other organ systems. Its origin was a natural consequence of a steady increase of the original asymmetry of bilaterally-asymmetric three-segmented ancestors of echinoderms, culminated by closing of the ancestral linear metamerism into radiality. The evolutionary transformation from a simple pouchlike hydrocoel with one side channel to an elongated hydrocoel (located under the oesophagus) with two side channels, and finally to a nearly closed horseshoeshaped hydrocoel with three radial channels can be reconstructed based on the theca structure and the number of ambulacra in the row SolutaCincta-Helicoplacoidea. After the hydrocoel with three outbound ambulacral channels circled around the oesophagus as a horseshoe, it either closed into a ring, or its ends became closely approximated. This has determined the primary triradiate symmetry, which quickly transformed into pentaradial symmetry of the 2-1-2 type as a result of branching of two of the three primary radial channels. This occurred no earlier than the Late vendian, when the first bilaterians appeared to have begun to acquire body appendages, and no later than the Early Cambrian, when the first skeletal remains of echinoderms entered the fossil record (in the Atdabanian). The 2-1-2 pentaradial symmetry evolved into the true pentaradiality as a result of shifting the timing of tentacle branching to earlier stages of ontogenesis and even spreading of the five tentacle primordia over the ambulacral ring. This occurred during the Ordovician.

关键词： Echinodermata Symmetry Asymmetry Metamerism Pentaradiality Body Plan Hox Genes Colinearity

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