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Gut dysbiosis and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth as independent forms of gut microbiota disorders in cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第10期28卷 1067-1077页

作者： Roman Maslennikov vladimir Ivashkin Irina Efremova Elena poluektova Anna Kudryavtseva George Krasnov Department of Internal Medicine Gastroenterology and HepatologySechenov UniversityMoscow 119435Russia Scientific Community for Human Microbiome Research Moscow 119435Russia Department of Internal Medicine 1 Сonsultative and Diagnostic Center 2 of the Moscow City Health DepartmentMoscow 107564Russia Laboratory of postgenomic Research Engelhardt Institute of Molecular BiologyRussian Academy of SciencesMoscow 119991Russia

BACKGROUND Gut dysbiosis and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth(SIBO)are commonly observed in patients with *** the substantial number of articles describing the relations between disorders of gut microbiota and various manifestations of cirrhosis,dysbiosis and SIBO were always studied *** To study the relationship of gut dysbiosis and SIBO in *** This observational study included 47 in-patients with *** microbiome was assessed using 16 S r RNA gene *** was assessed using the lactulose hydrogen breath *** SIBO was found in 24/47(51.1%)*** with SIBO had a higher abundance of Firmicutes(p=0.017)and Fusobacteria(p=0.011),and a lower abundance of Bacteroidetes(p=0.013)than patients without *** increase in the abundance of Firmicutes occurred mainly due to an increase in the abundance of bacteria from the genus Blautia(p=0.020)of the Lachnospiraceae family(p=0.047),while the abundance of other major families of this phylum[Ruminococcaceae(p=0.856),peptostreptococcaceae(p=0.066),Clostridiaceae(p=0.463),Eubacteriaceae(p=0.463),Lactobacillaceae(p=0.413),and Veillonellaceae(p=0.632)]did not differ significantly between the patients with and without *** level of Bacteroidetes in samples from patients with SIBO was a result of the decrease in bacterial numbers from all the major families of this phylum[Bacteroidaceae(p=0.014),porphyromonadaceae(p=0.002),and Rikenellaceae(p=0.047)],with the exception of prevotellaceae(p=0.941).There were no significant differences in the abundance of taxa that were the main biomarkers of cirrhosis-associated gut dysbiosis[proteobacteria(p=0.790),Bacilli(p=0.573),Enterobacteriaceae(p=0.632),Streptococcaceae(p=0.170),Staphylococcaceae(p=0.450),and Enterococcaceae(p=0.873)]between patients with and without *** Despite the differences observed in the gut microbiome between patients with and without SIBO,gut dysbiosis and SIBO are most

关键词： Dysbiosis Gut-liver axis Microbiome Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth Cirrhosis Microbiota

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Store-operated calcium entry in neuroglia

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2014年第1期30卷 125-133页

作者： Alexei Verkhratsky vladimir parpura Faculty of Life Sciences The University of Manchester Achucarro Center for Neuroscience IKERBASQUE Basque Foundation for Science 48011 Bilbao Spain and Department of Neurosciences University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU Department of Neurobiology Center for Glial Biology in Medicine Atomic Force Microscopy & Nanotechnology aboratories Civitan International Research Center Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute University of Alabama Department of Biotechnology University or Rijeka

Neuroglial cells are homeostatic neural cells. Generally, they are electrically non-excitable and their activation is associated with the generation of complex intracellular Ca^2＋ signals that define the ＂Ca^2＋ excitability＂ of glia. In mammalian glial cells the major source of Ca^2＋ for this excitability is the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum （ER）, which is ultimately （re）filled from the extracellular space. This occurs via store-operated Ca^2＋ entry （SOCE） which is supported by a specific signaling system connecting the ER with plasmalemmal Ca^2＋ entry. Here, emptying of the ER Ca^2＋ store is necessary and sufficient for the activation of SOCE, and without Ca^2＋ influx via SOCE the ER store cannot be refilled. The molecular arrangements underlying SOCE are relatively complex and include plasmalemmal channels, ER Ca^2＋ sensors, such as stromal interaction molecule, and possibly ER Ca^2＋ pumps （of the SERCA type）. There are at least two sets of plasmalemmal channels mediating SOCE, the Ca2＊-release activated channels, Orai, and transient receptor potential （TRp） channels. The molecular identity of neuroglial SOCE has not been yet identified unequivocally. However, it seems that Orai is predominantly expressed in microglia, whereas astrocytes and oligodendrocytes rely more on TRp channels to produce SOCE. In physiological conditions the SOCE pathway is instrumental for the sustained phase of the Ca^2＋ signal observed following stimulation of metabotropic receptors on glial cells.

关键词： calcium signaling astrocyte oligodendrocyte microglia store-operated calcium entry TRp STIM Orai

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p53 as a hub in cellular redox regulation and therapeutic target in cancer

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2019年第4期11卷 330-341页

作者： Sofi E.Eriksson Sophia Ceder vladimir J.N.Bykov Klas G.Wiman Karolinska Institutet Department of Oncology-Pathology BioClinicum Stockholm Sweden

The Tp53 tumor suppressor gene encodes a DNA-binding transcription factor that regulates multiple cellular processes including cell growth and cell death. The ability of p53 to bind to DNA and activate transcription is tightly regulated by post-translational modifications and is dependent on a reducing cellular environment. Some p53 transcriptional target genes are involved in regulation of the cellular redox homeostasis, e.g. TIGAR and GLS2. A large fraction of human tumors carry Tp53 mutations, most commonly missense mutations that lead to single amino acid substitutions in the core domain. Mutant p53 proteins can acquire so called gain-of-function activities and influence the cellular redox balance in various ways, for instance by binding of the Nrf2 transcription factor, a major regulator of cellular redox state. The DNA-binding core domain of p53 has 10 cysteine residues, three of which participate in holding a zinc atom that is critical for p53 structure and function. Several novel compounds that refold and reactivate missense mutant p53 bind to specific p53 cysteine residues. These compounds can also react with other thiols and target components of the cellular redox system, such as glutathione. Dual targeting of mutant p53 and redox homeostasis may allow more efficient treatment of cancer.

关键词： p53 redox regulation mutation oxidative stress Nrf2 thiols cancer therapy

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On the Fractal Mechanism of Interrelation Between the Genesis, Size and Composition of Atmospheric particulate Matters in Different Regions of the Earth

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2011年第3期1卷 120-133页

作者： Vitaliy D Rusov Radomir Ilic Radojko Jacimovic vladimir N pavlovich Yuriy A Bondarchuk vladimir N. Vaschenko Tatiana N Zelentsova Margarita E Beglaryan Elena p Linnik vladimir p Smolyar Sergey I Kosenko Alla A Gudyma Odessa National polytechnic University Shevchenko av. 1 65044 Odessa Ukraine

Experimental data from the National Air Surveillance Network of Japan from 1974 to 1996 and from inde-pendent measurements performed simultaneously in the regions of Ljubljana (Slovenia), Odessa (Ukraine) and the Ukrainian “Academician Vernadsky” Antarctic station (64o15W;65o15S), where the air elemental composition was determined by the standard method of atmospheric particulate matter (pM) collection on nucleopore filters and subsequent neutron activation analysis, were analyzed. Comparative analysis of dif-ferent pairs of atmospheric pM element concentration data sets, measured in different regions of the Earth, revealed a stable linear (on a logarithmic scale) correlation, showing a power law increase of every atmos-pheric pM element mass and simultaneously the cause of this increase – fractal nature of atmospheric pM genesis. Within the framework of multifractal geometry we show that the mass (volume) of atmospheric pM elemental components has a log normal distribution, which on a logarithmic scale with respect to the random variable (elemental component mass) is identical to normal distribution. This means that the parameters of two-dimensional normal distribution with respect to corresponding atmospheric pM-multifractal elemental components measured in different regions, are a priory connected by equations of direct and inverse linear regression, and the experimental manifestation of this fact is the linear correlation between the concentra-tions of the same elemental components in different sets of experimental atmospheric pM data.

关键词： Atmospheric aerosols Multifractal Neutron activation analysis South pole Ukrainian Antarctic station

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High-speed performance self-powered short wave ultraviolet radiation detectors based onκ(ε)-Ga_(2)O_(3)

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Journal of Semiconductors 2024年第4期45卷 56-62页

作者： Aleksei Almaev Alexander Tsymbalov Bogdan Kushnarev vladimir Nikolaev Alexei pechnikov Mikhail Scheglov Andrei Chikiryaka petr Korusenko Research and Development Center for Advanced Technologies in Microelectronics National Research Tomsk State UniversityTomsk 634050Russia Fokon LLC Kaluga 248035Russia Department of Semiconductor Electronics and physics of Semiconductors National University of Science and Technology MISISMoscow 119049Russia perfect Crystals LLC Saint Petersburg 194223Russia Department of Solid-State Electronics Saint Petersburg State UniversitySaint Petersburg 199034Russia Department of physics Omsk State Technical UniversityOmsk 644050Russia

High-speed solar-blind short wavelength ultraviolet radiation detectors based onκ(ε)-Ga_(2)O_(3)layers with pt contacts were demonstrated and their properties were studied in ***κ(ε)-Ga_(2)O_(3)layers were deposited by the halide vapor phase epitaxy on patterned GaN templates with sapphire *** spectral dependencies of the photoelectric properties of struc-tures were analyzed in the wavelength interval 200-370 *** maximum photo to dark current ratio,responsivity,detectiv-ity and external quantum efficiency of structures were determined as:180.86 ***.,3.57 A/W,1.78×10^(12) Hz^(0.5)∙cm·W^(-1) and 2193.6%,respectively,at a wavelength of 200 nm and an applied voltage of 1 *** enhancement of the photoresponse was caused by the decrease in the Schottky barrier at the pt/κ(ε)-Ga_(2)O_(3)interface under ultraviolet *** detectors demon-strated could functionalize in self-powered mode due to built-in electric field at the pt/κ(ε)-Ga_(2)O_(3)*** responsivity and external quantum efficiency of the structures at a wavelength of 254 nm and zero applied voltage were 0.9 mA/W and 0.46%,*** rise and decay times in self-powered mode did not exceed 100 ms.

关键词： κ(ε)-gallium oxide solar-blind shortwave ultraviolet radiation detectors self-powered operation mode

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Composition of the Diamond Indicator Minerals on the Mitchell Chart――Criteria of CLIppIR Diamonds in Kimberlites and Conditions of their Mantle Crystallization

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2021年第S01期95卷 121-124页

作者： vladimir N.ZINCHENKO Alexandr S.IVANOV Igor V.ASHCHEpKOV CATOCA Mining Society СatocaAngola ALROSA Ltd. MirnyRussia V.S.Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS NovosibirskRussia

In the last decade,researchers have been particularly interested in IIa CLIppIR type diamonds,which differ in composition and physical characteristics from diamonds of peridotite related"p"and eclogite related"E"***(Moore,2009)sought them as mantle kimberlite related megacrysts,but light C isotopy and chemical features needs special explanation.

关键词： CLIppIR diamonds kimberlite mantle pyrope clinopiroxene chromite ilmenite

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TNF-α gene polymorphisms: association with age-related macular degeneration in Russian population

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2019年第1期12卷 25-29页

作者： Valeriy Chernykh Alla Shevchenko vladimir Konenkov Viktor prokofiev Alena Eremina Alexander Trunov Novosibirsk Branch S.Fyodorov Eye microsurgery Federal State Scientific Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymрhology

AIM: To study polymorphisms in promotor regions of tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α TNF-863 A/C(rs1800630), TNF-308 A/G(rs1800629), and TNF-238 A/G(rs361525) in patients with age-related macular degeneration(AMD) and associations of complex TNF-α genotypes with AMD. METHODS: One hundred and two patients(82 women, 20 men; mean age 64.2±1.2 y) with AMD and 100 healthy age-and sex-matched controls(82 women, 18 men; 60±1.4 y) were included in the study. All subjects were Caucasian, all subjects and their parents were inhabitants of Russia. Genomic DNA was obtained from EDTA-preserved blood using the standard phenol-chloroform method. polymorphisms were detected by polymerase chain reaction followed by the restriction fragment length polymorphism method. The following TNF-α genotypes were studied: TNF-α-238 AA, GA, GG, TNF-α-308 AA, GA, GG, TNF-α-863 AA, CA, CC. RESULTS: Differences in TNF-α-863 and TNF-α-238 genotypes frequencies in patients with AMD and healthy controls were not found. The distribution of TNF-α-308 AA and TNF-α-308 GA genotypes was significantly different between the studied group and the controls [odds ratios(OR) =0.22, p=0.0287 and OR=2.91, p=0.0063, respectively]. TNF-863 CC/TNF-308 GA and TNF-308 GA/TNF-238 GG genotypes were associated with the increased risk of AMD(OR=2.48, p=0.0332 and OR=2.51, p=0.0187, respectively). Five genotypes combinations appeared to be protective. CONCLUSION: In the present study, single nucleotide polymorphisms and complex polymorphisms of one of the key inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, and a number of significant associations of these polymorphisms with AMD in Russian population have been shown. Complexanalysis of genotypes could be important in AMD risk factors detection and studying pathogenesis.

关键词： tumor necrosis factor-a genetic polymorphisms age-related macular degeneration

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The bactericidal effect of continuous wave laser with strongly absorbing coating at the fiber tip

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2018年第5期11卷 51-58页

作者： Vadim Elagin Anton Smirnov vladimir Yusupov Alexey Kirillov Nadezhda Ignatova Olga Streltsova Evgeniy Grebenkin Vladislav Kamensky Institute of Biomedical Technologies privolzhsky Research Medical University 10/1 Minina Square Nizhny Novgorod 603005Russia Laboratory of Laser Nanomodification of Materials Institute of Applied physics Russian Academy of Sciences 46 Ulyanova Street Nizhny Novgorod 603950Russia Institute of photon Technologies of Federal Scientific Research Centre"Crystallography and photonics"of the Russian Academy of Sciences 2 pionerskaya Street MoscowTroitsk 108840Russia Department of Innovative program Institute of Applied physics Russian Academy of Sciences 46 Ulyanova Street Nizhny Novgorod 603950Russia

The bactericidal effect of laser radiation with a quartz fiber-based transmission system with a strong absorption coating converter against bacteria associated with urological stones has been *** am-negative rod Escherichia coli and the Gram-positive coccus Staphylococcus epi-dermidis,Staphylococcus aureus,Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium were used in this *** bacterial species was treated by continuous-wave near infrared laser coupled with bare fiber tip or strongly absorption coating fiber *** treatment,the temperature of bacterial suspension was *** addition,the temperature dist ribution was *** has been shown that using laser with a strongly absorption coating fiber tip results in significant bactericidal *** decrease of the amount of *** and *** was 100%after treatment with an output power of6 W of radiation at a wavelength of 0.97 pum for *** of *** and *** colony-forming unit was reduced to 70%after same *** peak temperature of bacterial suspension was 86℃ after treatment by laser with a strongly absorption coating fiber *** with a strongly absorpt ion coating fiber tip provides large scale hydrodynamic flows directed away from the fiber *** laser with a strongly absorption coating fiber tip has bactericidal *** main role is associated with the effect of high temperature,which,in the form of flow in a liquid medium,afects bacteria.

关键词： Laser strongly absorbing coating bacteria bacterididal efect laserinduced hydrodynamic

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preparatory training attenuates drastic response of the insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 at the point of maximal oxygen consumption in handball players

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2017年第3期6卷 372-377页

作者： Olgica Nedic Milos Sunderic Goran Miljus Zoran Valdevit vladimir Jakovljevic Marija Glibetic Vesna Vucic Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy University of BelgradeBelgrade 11080Serbia Faculty of Sport and physical Education University of BelgradeBelgrade 11000Serbia Department of physiology Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism Institute for Medical ResearchUniversity of BelgradeBelgrade 11000Serbia

Background:Intensive exercise changes physiological need for glucose and several biochemical pathways responsible for its metabolism *** them are those which involve insulin,insulin-like growth factor(IGF-1),and IGF-binding proteins(IGFBps).Different types and degrees of exercise,as well as an athlete's fitness,may induce a range of responses regarding concentrations and time needed for the *** idea of the work was to find out whether and how insulin/IGF axis responds to additional physical activity in the already trained subjects and if so,is the adaptation potentially beneficial from the aspect of metabolic ***:The effect of 4-week intensive training on campus(preparatory training) on the levels of insulin,IGF-1,and IGFBps during maximal progressive exercise test(MpET) on a treadmill was compared to the results obtained during MpET conducted after a regular training season of a female elite handball team(n = 17,age:17 ± 1 years,height:171 ± 8 cm,weight:65 ± 8 kg,body mass index:22 ± 1 kg/m^2 at the beginning of the study;there were no significant changes at the end).Serum samples were obtained from players immediately before the test(basal),at the end of the test after reaching the point of maximal oxygen consumption(VO_(2max)),and after ***:The concentration of insulin decreased at VO_(2max),but remained higher in players after preparatory training(12.2 ± 2.5 m U/L vs.8.9 ± 4.4 m U/L,p = 0.049).The level of IGFBp-1 decreased in players at VO_(2max) in either case of training,but it remained much higher in tests performed after the preparatory regime than before(p = 0.029).Concentrations of IGF-1,IGFBp-2,-3,and-4 did not change ***:The inverse relation between insulin and IGFBp-1 was lost during MpET,as these 2 molecules changed in the same *** results obtained suggest less severe stress-induced depression of insulin and IGFBp-1 after preparatory *** another metabolic mechanism

关键词： Female IGF-binding proteins(IGFBps) Insulin Insulin-like growth factor I(IGF-1) progressive exercise test VO_(2max)

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Using prostatic Fluid Levels of Some Trace Elements and Their Combinations in Non-Invasive and Highly Accurate Screening for prostate Cancer

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2020年第1期11卷 1-17页

作者： vladimir Zaichick Radionuclide Diagnostics Department Medical Radiological Research Centre Obninsk Russia

Objective: prostate specific antigen (pSA) does not provide the high reliability and precision that is required for an accurate screening for prostate cancer?(pCa). The aim of our study was to search for a simple, rapid, direct, preferably non-invasive, and highly accurate biomarker and procedure for the screening for pCa. Method: The levels of trace elements (TE) Br, Fe, Rb, Sr,?and Zn were prospectively evaluated in expressed prostatic fluid (EpF). Also?Zn/Br, Zn/Fe, Zn/Rb, Zn/Sr concentration ratios as well as ZnRb and (ZnRb)/Fe concentration combinations were calculated for EpF samples, obtained from 38 apparently healthy males and from 33, 51, and 24 patients with chronic prostatitis, benign prostatic hyperplasia, and pCa, respectively. Measurements were performed using an energy dispersive X-ray fluorescent (EDXRF) microanalysis. Results: It was found that in the EpF of cancerous prostates the levels of Rb, Zn, Zn/Br, Zn/Fe, Zn/Sr, ZnRb, and (ZnRb)/Fe were significantly lower in comparison with those in the EpF of normal, inflamed, and hyperplastic prostates. For example, in comparison hyperplastic?with cancerous prostates p values obtained using Student’s t-test and?Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney U-test were Conclusions: The levels of TE and their combinations in EpF, obtained by EDXRF, is a fast, reliable, andnon-invasive diagnostic tool that can be successfully used by local, non- urologist physicians at the point-of-care to provide a highly effective pCa screening and as an additional confirmatory test before a prostate gland biopsy.

关键词： Urology Screening prostate Cancer Expressed prostatic Fluid Trace Element Content Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescent Analysis

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