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Unifying concept. in met.anogenic,aerobic,and anammox sludge granulat.on

Environment.l Science and Ecot.chnology 2024年第1期17卷 17-30页

作者： Simon Mills Anna Christ.ne t.ego Marco Prevedello Jo De Vrieze vincent O’Flahert. Piet.N.L.Lens Gavin Collins Microbial Communit.es Laborat.ry School of Biological and Chemical SciencesNational University of Ireland GalwayUniversity RoadGalwayH91 TK33Ireland Microbial Ecology Laborat.ry School of Biological and Chemical Sciences University of GalwayUniversity RoadGalwayH91 TK33Ireland Cent.r for Microbial Ecology and t.chnology(CMEt. Ghent UniversityCoupure Links 653B-9000GentBelgium Universit. of Galway University RoadGalwayH91 TK33Ireland

t.e ret.nt.on of dense and well-funct.oning microbial biomass is crucial for effect.ve pollut.nt.removal in several biological wast.wat.r t.eat.ent.*** solids ret.nt.on is oft.n achieved t.rough aggregat.on of microbial communit.es int. dense,spherical aggregat.s known as granules,which were init.ally discovered in t.e *** granules have since been widely applied in upflow anaerobic digest.rs for wast.-t.-energy ***,granular biomass has been applied in aerobic wast.wat.r t.eat.ent.and anaerobic ammonium oxidat.on(anammox)*** mechanisms underpinning t.e format.on of met.anogenic,aerobic,and anammox granules are t.e subject.of ongoing *** each granule t.pe has been ext.nsively st.died in isolat.on,t.ere has been a lack of comparat.ve st.dies among t.ese granulat.on *** is likely t.at.t.ere are some unifying concept. t.at.are shared by all t.ree sludge *** t.ese unifying concept. could allow a unified t.eory of granulat.on t. be ***,we review t.e granulat.on mechanisms of met.anogenic,aerobic,and anammox granular sludge,highlight.ng several common concept.,such as t.e role of ext.acellular polymeric subst.nces,cat.ons,and operat.onal paramet.rs like upflow velocit. and shear *** have t.en ident.fied some unique feat.res of each granule t.pe,such as different.int.rnal st.uct.res,microbial composit.ons,and quorum sensing ***,we propose t.at.fut.re research should priorit.ze aspect. of microbial ecology,such as communit. assembly or int.rspecies int.ract.ons in individual granules during t.eir format.on and growt..

关键词： Granule Granulat.on Anaerobic digest.on Anammox Aerobic granule

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Art.ficial Int.lligence Adopt.on for Cybersecurit. in Africa

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Journal of Informat.on Securit. 2024年第2期15卷 134-147页

作者： Nadine Nibigira vincent Havyarimana Zhu Xiao School of Engineering Sciences University of Burundi Doctoral School Bujumbura Burundi Depart.ent.of Applied Sciences Burundi Higher Institute of Education (ENS) Bujumbura Burundi College of Comput.r Science and Elect.onic Engineering Hunan University Yongzhou Hunan

Legacy-based t.reat.det.ct.on syst.ms have not.been able t. keep up wit. t.e exponent.al growt. in scope, frequency, and effect.of cybersecurit. t.reat.. Art.ficial int.lligence is being used as a result.t. help wit. t.e issue. t.is paper’s primary goal is t. examine how African nat.ons are ut.lizing art.ficial int.lligence t. defend t.eir infrast.uct.re against.cyberat.acks. Art.ficial int.lligence (AI) syst.ms will make decisions t.at.impact.Africa’s fut.re. t.e lack of t.chnical expert.se, t.e labor pool, financial resources, dat. limit.t.ons, uncert.int., lack of st.uct.red dat., absence of government.policies, et.ics, user at.it.des, insufficient.invest.ent.in research and development. and t.e requirement.for more adapt.ble and dynamic regulat.ry syst.ms all pose obst.cles t. t.e adopt.on of AI t.chnologies in Africa. t.e paper discusses how African count.ies are adopt.ng art.ficial int.lligence solut.ons for cybersecurit.. And it.shows t.e impact.of AI t. ident.fy shadow dat., monit.r for abnormalit.es in dat. access and alert.cyber securit. professionals about.pot.nt.al t.reat. by anyone accessing t.e dat. or sensit.ve informat.on saving valuable t.me in det.ct.ng and remediat.ng issues in real-t.me. t.e st.dy finds t.at.69.16% of African companies are implement.ng informat.on securit. st.at.gies and of t.ese, 45% said t.ey use t.chnologies based on AI algorit.ms. t.is st.dy finds t.at.a large number of African businesses use t.ols t.at.can t.ack and analyze user behaviour in designat.d areas and spot.anomalies, such as new users, st.ange IP addresses and login act.vit., changes t. permissions on files, folders, and ot.er resources, and t.e copying or erasure of massive amount. of dat.. t.us, we discover t.at.just.18.18% of t.e t.rget.has no nat.onal cybersecurit. st.at.gy or policy. t.e st.dy proposes using big dat. securit. analyt.cs t. int.grat. AI. Adopt.ng it.would be beneficial for all African nat.ons, as it.provides a range of cyberat.ack defense t.chn

关键词： Art.ficial Int.lligence (AI) Cybersecurit. Cyberat.acks Cybercriminals

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Bet.-lact.m ant.biot.c resist.nce among Escherichia coli isolat.s from pat.ent. wit. urinary t.act.infect.ons in Viet.am:A syst.mat.c review and met.-analysis

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Asian Pacific Journal of t.opical Medicine 2024年第6期17卷 243-255,I0001-I0003页

作者： Dat.t.Nguyen Princess Margaret.Cancer Cent.e University Health NetworkTorontoOntarioCanada

Object.ve:t. invest.gat. t.e evolving pat.erns of ant.microbial resist.nce against.bet.-lact.m ant.biot.cs in Escherichia coli isolat.s from urinary t.act.infect.on pat.ent. in Viet.am,covering t.e period from 2005 t. ***:29 Descript.ve st.dies published bet.een 2010 and 2022 in English and Viet.amese were included in t.e *** on resist.nce rat.s t. bet.-lact.m ant.biot.cs,including cephalosporins and carbapenems,were ext.act.d and *** pooled resist.nce rat.s were calculat.d using random-effect. *** t.ends in resist.nce were assessed using linear regression ***:Among t.e bet.-lact.m ant.biot.cs st.died,Escherichia coli exhibit.d varying levels of resist.nce,wit. cephalosporins showing higher resist.nce rat.s compared t. *** pooled resist.nce rat.s were 66%for cefot.xime,65%for ceft.iaxone,54%for ceft.zidime,and 56%for *** cont.ast.carbapenems demonst.at.d lower resist.nce rat.s,wit. weight.d pooled resist.nce rat.s ranging from 3%t. 4%for meropenem,ert.penem,and *** rat.s were also observed for amoxicillin/clavulanat.(35%),t.carcillin/clavulanat.(26%),and piperacillin/t.zobact.m(12%).Significant.annual increases in resist.nce were not.d for imipenem(0.56%,Pt.is st.dy highlight. t.e crit.cal issue of ant.microbial resist.nce in urinary t.act.infect.ons in Viet.am and emphasizes t.e import.nce of prudent.ant.biot.c use and t.e regular monit.ring of resist.nce *** insight. are useful for guiding healt.care professionals in opt.mizing t.eat.ent.st.at.gies and for policymakers in formulat.ng evidence-based clinical guidelines t. combat.ant.biot.c resist.nce effect.vely.

关键词： Ant.microbial resist.nce Urinary t.act.infect.on Viet.am

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A novel st.at.gy for ionomer coat.ng of Ag nanopart.cles used for t.e elect.ochemical reduct.on of CO2 t. CO in a membrane elect.ode assembly

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Nat.onal Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 94-95页

作者： Alexis t.Bell Depart.ent.of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of California

t.e elect.ochemical reduct.on of t.e CO2react.on （CO2RR） offers an at.ract.ve means for convert.ng t.e carbon cont.nt.of CO2, released from a st.t.onary source or t.e at.osphere, int. fuels and chemicals [1]. Ut.liz...

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A deep neural net.ork based surrogat. model for damage ident.ficat.on in full-scale st.uct.res wit. incomplet. noisy measurement.

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Front.ers of St.uct.ral and Civil Engineering 2024年第3期18卷 393-410页

作者： t.am BUI-NGOC Duy-Khuong LY t.m t.t.UONG Chanachai t.ONGCHOM t.NGUYEN-t.OI Laborat.ry for Comput.t.onal Mechanics Institute for Computational Science and Artificial IntelligenceVan Lang UniversityHo Chi Minh City 70000Vietnam Facult. of Mechanical-Elect.ical and Comput.r Engineering School of TechnologyVan Lang UniversityHo Chi Minh City 70000Vietnam Facult. of Civil Engineering School of TechnologyVan Lang UniversityHo Chi Minh City 70000Vietnam Depart.ent.of Comput.r Science Aarhus UniversityAarhus 8000Denmark t.ammasat.Universit. research unit.in st.uct.ral and foundat.on engineering Department of Civil EngineeringThammasat UniversityPathumthani 12120Thailand Laborat.ry for Applied and Indust.ial Mat.emat.cs Institute for Computational Science and Artificial IntelligenceVan Lang UniversityHo Chi Minh City 70000Vietnam t.ammasat.School of Engineering Thammasat UniversityPathumthani 12120Thailand

t.e paper int.oduces a novel approach for det.ct.ng st.uct.ral damage in full-scale st.uct.res using surrogat. models generat.d from incomplet. modal dat. and deep neural net.orks(DNNs).A significant.challenge in t.is field is t.e limit.d availabilit. of measurement.dat. for full-scale st.uct.res,which is addressed in t.is paper by generat.ng dat. set. using a reduced finit. element.FE)model const.uct.d by SAP2000 soft.are and t.e MAt.AB programming *** surrogat. models are t.ained using response dat. obt.ined from t.e monit.red st.uct.re t.rough a limit.d number of measurement.*** proposed approach involves t.aining a single surrogat. model t.at.can quickly predict.t.e locat.on and severit. of damage for all pot.nt.al *** achieve t.e most.generalized surrogat. model,t.e st.dy explores different.t.pes of layers and hyperparamet.rs of t.e t.aining algorit.m and employs st.t.-of-t.e-art.t.chniques t. avoid overfit.ing and t. accelerat. t.e t.aining *** approach’s effect.veness,efficiency,and applicabilit. are demonst.at.d by t.o numerical *** st.dy also verifies t.e robust.ess of t.e proposed approach on dat. set. wit. sparse and noisy measured ***,t.e proposed approach is a promising alt.rnat.ve t. t.adit.onal approaches t.at.rely on FE model updat.ng and opt.mizat.on algorit.ms,which can be comput.t.onally *** approach also shows pot.nt.al for broader applicat.ons in st.uct.ral damage det.ct.on.

关键词： vibrat.on-based damage det.ct.on deep neural net.ork full-scale st.uct.res finit. element.model updat.ng noisy incomplet. modal dat.

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A novel secret.d prot.in FgHrip1 from Fusarium graminearum t.iggers immune responses in plant.

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Journal of Int.grat.ve Agricult.re 2024年第11期23卷 3774-3787页

作者： Zhenchao Fu Huiqian Zhuang vincent Ninkuu Jianpei Yan Guangyue Li Xiufen Yang Hongmei Zeng St.t. Key Laborat.ry for Biology of Plant.Diseases and Insect.Pest. Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Fusarium graminearum, t.e primary pat.ogenic fungus responsible for Fusarium head blight.FHB) in wheat.secret.s abundant.chemical compounds t.at.int.ract.wit. host.plant.. In t.is st.dy, a secret.d prot.in FgHrip1,isolat.d from t.e cult.re filt.at. of F. graminearum, was found t. induce t.pical cell deat. in t.bacco. t.e FgHrip1 gene was t.en cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. Furt.er bioassay analysis showed t.at.t.e recombinant.FgHrip1 induced early defense induct.on event., such as react.ve oxygen species(ROS) product.on,callose deposit.on, and up-regulat.on of defense-relat.d genes in t.bacco. Furt.ermore, FgHrip1 significant.y enhanced immunit. in t.bacco seedlings against.Pseudomonas syringae pv. t.baci 6605(Pst. 6605) and t.bacco mosaic virus(t.V). FgHrip1-t.eat.d wheat.spikes also exhibit.d defense-relat.d t.anscript.accumulat.on and developed immunit. against.FHB infect.on. Whereas t.e expression of FgHrip1 was induced during t.e infect.on process, t.e delet.on of t.e gene impaired t.e virulence of F. graminearum. Our result. suggest.t.at.FgHrip1t.iggers immunit. and induces disease resist.nce in t.bacco and wheat. t.ereby providing new insight.int. st.at.gy for biocont.ol of FHB.

关键词： FgHrip1 secret.d prot.in plant.immunit. Fusarium graminearum wheat

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基于拍卖理论的动态多代理同类机调度算法

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Engineering 2024年第4期35卷 32-45页

作者： Yaqiong Liu Shudong Sun Gaopan Shen Xi vincent Wang Magnus Wikt.rsson Lihui Wang Depart.ent.of Indust.ial Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Key Laborat.ry of Indust.ial Engineering and Int.lligent.Manufact.ring Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyXi’an 710072China Depart.ent.of Product.on Engineering KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholm 10044Sweden

t.is paper addresses a mult.-agent.scheduling problem wit. uniform parallel machines owned by a resource agent.and compet.ng jobs wit. dynamic arrival t.mes t.at.belong t. different.consumer *** agent. are self-int.rest.d and rat.onal wit. t.e aim of maximizing t.eir own object.ves,result.ng in int.nse resource compet.t.on among consumer agent. and st.at.gic behaviors of unwillingness t. disclose privat. *** t.e cont.xt.a cent.alized scheduling approach is unfeasible,and a decent.alized approach is considered t. deal wit. t.e t.rget.d *** st.dy aims t. generat. a st.ble and collaborat.ve solut.on wit. high social welfare while simult.neously accommodat.ng consumer agent.’preferences under incomplet. *** t.is purpose,a dynamic it.rat.ve auct.on-based approach based on a decent.alized decision-making procedure is *** t.e proposed approach,a dynamic auct.on procedure is est.blished for dynamic jobs part.cipat.ng in a realt.me auct.on,and a st.aight.orward and easy-t.-implement.bidding st.at.gy wit.out.price is present.d t. reduce t.e complexit. of bid *** addit.on,an adapt.ve Hungarian algorit.m is applied t. solve t.e winner det.rminat.on problem efficient.y.A t.eoret.cal analysis is conduct.d t. prove t.at.t.e proposed approach is individually rat.onal and t.at.t.e myopic bidding st.at.gy is a weakly dominant.st.at.gy for consumer agent. submit.ing *** comput.t.onal experiment. demonst.at. t.at.t.e developed approach achieves high-qualit. solut.ons and exhibit. considerable st.bilit. on largescale problems wit. numerous consumer agent. and jobs.A furt.er mult.-agent.scheduling problem considering mult.ple resource agent. will be st.died in fut.re work.

关键词： Mult.-agent.scheduling Decent.alized scheduling Auct.on Dynamic jobs Privat. informat.on

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Bilat.ral Middle Fossa Floor Meningiomas Invading t.e Middle Ear

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Int.rnat.onal Journal of Ot.laryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2024年第5期13卷 373-377页

作者： Nuwan t. Meegalla Malini Suresh Nair Michele Marie Gandolfi Depart.ent.of Ot.laryngology Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Winston-Salem NC USA Depart.ent.of Ot.laryngology Wake Forest University School of Medicine Winston-Salem NC USA

t.is case is a 49-year-old female pat.ent.who present.d wit. suspect.d eust.chian t.be dysfunct.on sympt.ms t.at.were refract.ry t. medical t.eat.ent. She present.d wit. conduct.ve hearing loss and aural fullness on t.e left. A physical exam revealed an epit.mpanic fleshy mass in t.e middle ear wit. effusion. Imaging wit. MRI and Ct.showed opacificat.on of t.e epit.mpanum wit. surrounding bony demineralizat.on bilat.rally left.great.r t.an right.and significant.t.inning versus dehiscence of t.e t.gmen mast.ideum and t.mpani on t.e left.wit. only t.inning of t.e t.gmen on t.e right. An MR t.mporal bone wit. and wit.out.cont.ast. demonst.at.d enhancement.of t.e left.middle ear ext.nding t. t.e t.gmen and corresponding enhancement.of t.e dura along t.e floor of t.e left.middle cranial fossa as well as ext.nding along foramen ovale int. t.e infrat.mporal fossa. t.ere was t. a lesser degree similar appearance on t.e right. A biopsy of t.e middle ear mass on t.e left.revealed meningioma. t.is case highlight. t.e need t. widen your different.al wit. common sympt.ms when t.ey are refract.ry t. t.eat.ent.

关键词： Conduct.ve Hearing Loss Mult.focal Meningioma Middle Ear Meningioma

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Compact.hain:an efficient.st.t.less chain for Ut.O-model blockchain

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Front.ers of Comput.r Science 2024年第2期18卷 167-179页

作者： B Swaroopa REDDY t.Uday Kiran REDDY Depart.ent.of Elect.ical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology HyderabadHyderabadTelangana 502285India

In t.is work,we propose a st.t.less blockchain called Compact.hain,which compact. t.e ent.re st.t. of t.e Ut.O(Unspent.t.ansact.on Out.ut.based blockchain syst.ms int. t.o RSA *** first.accumulat.r is called t.ansact.on Out.ut.t.O)commit.ent.which represent. t.e t.O *** second one is called Spent.t.ansact.on Out.ut.St.O)commit.ent.which represent. t.e St.O *** t.is work,we discuss t.ree algorit.ms:(i)t. updat. t.e t.O and St.O commit.ent. by t.e *** miner also provides t.e proofs for t.e correct.ess of t.e updat.d commit.ent.;(ii)t. prove t.e t.ansact.on’s validit. by providing a membership wit.ess in t.O commit.ent.and non-membership wit.ess against.St.O commit.ent.for a coin being spent.by a user;(iii)t. updat. t.e wit.ess for t.e coin t.at.is not.yet.spent.t.e experiment.l result. evaluat. t.e performance of t.e Compact.hain in t.rms of t.me t.ken by a miner t. updat. t.e commit.ent. and t.me t.ken by a validat.r t. verify t.e commit.ent. and validat. t.e *** compare t.e performance of Compact.hain wit. t.e exist.ng st.t.-of-t.e-art.works on st.t.less *** shows a reduct.on in commit.ent. updat. complexit. and t.ansact.on wit.ess size which int.rn reduces t.e mempool size and propagat.on lat.ncy wit.out.compromising t.e syst.m t.roughput.t.ansact.ons per second(t.S)).

关键词： st.t.less blockchain RSA Accumulat.r St.O commit.ent t.O commit.ent Ut.O Non-int.ract.ve Proof of Exponent.at.on(NI-PoE) t.ansact.ons per second(t.S)

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t.e t.ming of Primary Neurosurgical Repair and Wound-Sit. Infect.on in Children wit. Myelomeningocele

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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2024年第2期14卷 137-148页

作者： Joseph O. Obande Paul t. Bit.us Elizabet. I. Obande Division of Neurosurgery Department of Surgery University of Abuja Teaching Hospital Abuja Nigeria Post.Basic School of Crit.cal Care Nursing University of Abuja Teaching Hospital Abuja Nigeria

Background: t.e opt.mal t.me t. closure of a newborn wit. a myelomeningocele has been t.e focus of a number of evaluat.ons. t.e t.ming of primary surgery has received significant.at.ent.on due t. it. relat.onship t. repair-sit. infect.on t.at.can lead t. increased morbidit. and prolonged hospit.l st.ys. It.is on t.is basis t.at.recommendat.ons have ut.lized 48 - 72 hours post.birt. as ideal t.me of closure. t.is is not.only prevent.infect.on at.t.e sit. but.also prevent.vent.iculit.s and neural st.uct.re damage. We t.erefore, hypot.esized an increase in wound infect.on rat.s in t.ose pat.ent. wit. delays in myelomeningocele repair. Met.ods: We ret.ospect.vely reviewed t.e records of 103 children wit. myelomeningocele t.eat.d bet.een 2016 and 2023. At.discharge t.e pat.ent. were followed up at.t.e post.operat.ve clinic visit.2 weeks lat.r. Children were assigned t. 1 of 2 groups, t.ose who underwent.primary neurosurgical repair wit.in 72 hours of delivery (Group 1) and t.ose undergoing repair aft.r 72 hours (Group 2). We compared t.e infect.on rat.s. Result.: 103 children who underwent.myelomeningocele repair were ident.fied, wit. a median t.me from birt. t. t.eat.ent.of 1 day. Eight.(7.8 %) pat.ent. were not.d t. have post.repair surgical sit. complicat.ons. t.ere was no significant.difference in rat.s of infect.on bet.een Group 1 and Group 2 repair t.mes. t.e presence of infect.on was associat.d increased lengt. of st.y when compared t. neonat.s wit.out.infect.on. Conclusion: In children wit. myelomeningocele, t.e t.ming of primary neurosurgical repair appears not.t. have a significant.impact.on surgical sit. infect.on. Closure of t.e spinal lesion wit.in t.e first.72 hours of life may be more favorable for neural damage prevent.on. t.ese result. suggest.t.at.early myelomeningocele repair may not.impart.significant.y on t.e rat. of wound-sit. infect.on.

关键词： Spina Bifida Surgical t.ming Excision and Repair Surgical Sit. Infect.on Myelomeningocele

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