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Exploring t.e Pat.ways of Leprosy Pat.ent. from t.eir Communit.es t. a Diagnosis in t.e Dist.ict. of Mayuge, Yumbe and Kasese-Uganda

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Advances in Infect.ous Diseases 2024年第2期14卷 346-373页

作者： Rose Kengonzi St.via t.ryahabwe Samuel Orach Lisa Gerwing-Adima Ronald W. Nyot. vincent Kamara Kabugho Fait. Consolat. Mpambara Nat.onal t.berculosis and Leprosy Program Ministry of Health Uganda Kampala Uganda Healt. Depart.ent Uganda Catholic Medical Bureau Kampala Uganda German Leprosy and t.berculosis Relief Associat.on Kampala Uganda Nat.onal t.berculosis and Leprosy Program Kampala Uganda

Background: Leprosy is known t. cause disabilit. t.at.leads t. severe out.omes like st.gma, discriminat.on, ment.l healt. problems and part.cipat.on rest.ict.on. Furt.ermore, in cases of infect.ous leprosy, longer delays increase t.e risk for t.e spread of t.e disease. Despit. being prevent.ble and curable, a significant.proport.on of new leprosy pat.ent. (39%) in 2019 had grade 2 (Described as Visible disabilit.) at.t.e t.me of diagnosis signifying lat. present.t.on. t.e aim of t.is st.dy was t. describe pat.ent.journeys from first.sympt.ms suggest.ve of leprosy t. a diagnosis and individual and communit. level fact.rs associat.d wit. healt. seeking behavior of leprosy pat.ent.. Met.ods: t.is was a cross-sect.onal explorat.ve st.dy implement.d in Kasese, Mayuge and Yumbe dist.ict. .A st.uct.red quest.onnaire was used t. collect.quant.t.t.ve dat.. Qualit.t.ve assessment.included pat.ent., family members, healt. workers, volunt.ry healt. t.ams and t.e dist.ict.healt. t.am. Descript.ve st.t.st.cs were present.d in t.rms of percent.ges, frequency t.bles, pie Chart. and graphs for easy int.rpret.t.on and discussion. Result.: t.e result. indicat. t.at.53% of t.e respondent. ident.fied as female. t.e median age of t.e respondent. being 34 years, wit. a range of 1 t. 76 years (Mean: 44.7, Mode: 65, St.ndard-Deviat.on: 19.6, Kurt.sis: 0.6). t.e most.common first.sympt.m not.ced by respondent. was skin lesions (65%) followed by deformit.es (18%) (P value = 0.05%) occurring most.y in t.e feet.(P-value = 0.48). Majorit. (52%) of t.e pat.ent. had t.ken more t.an 24 mont.s (SD 18.72 OR 2.75) for a diagnosis t. be made wit. a maximum delay of over 60 mont.s. t.e most.common cause of delay in seeking healt. care was lack of knowledge on leprosy (P value=Conclusions: t.ere was a delay of 2 years in seeking healt. care for t.e majorit. of t.e pat.ent.. Key barriers t. early diagnosis were lack of knowledge and infrast.uct.re. Communit. sensit.zat.on and st.engt.ening capacit. buildi

关键词： Leprosy Pat.ent.Pat.way Skin Lesions Disabilit. Discriminat.on Delayed Diagnosis

Mult.-scale habit.t.influences spraint.ng and group size of a freshwat.r-obligat. smoot.-coat.d ot.er(Lut.ogale perspicillat.) in t.ngabhadra Ot.er Conservat.on Reserve, India

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 159-175页

作者： Ankit.Moun P.Ramesh Kumar M.Malat.i Priya t.Ramesh Riddhika Kalle Sálim Ali Cent.e for Ornit.ology and Nat.ral Hist.ry Deput. Conservat.r of Forest. Bellary Territorial Forest Division Deput. Conservat.r of Forest. Working Plan and Survey and Research WingBellary Territorial Forest Division Cent.e for Funct.onal Biodiversit. University of Kwa Zulu-Natal

Background t.e impact.of changing land-use pat.erns and associat.d ant.ropogenic t.reat. on scale-dependent.habit.t.use of semi-aquat.c must.lids in scent.marking and social behaviour can provide import.nt.insight. int. t.e habit.t.ecology of smoot.-coat.d ot.ers(Lut.ogale perspicillat.).Met.ods We sampled 180 st.eam segment.(100–400 m) as spat.al replicat.s of 60 1-km2 sit.s t. record indirect.evidence(i.e. spraint. and mass lat.ine sit.s) and group sizes of smoot.-coat.d ot.ers along t.e t.ngabhadra Ot.er Conservat.on Reserve(t.CR) during t.e dry season. t. quant.fy habit.t. we recorded st.eam charact.rist.cs, riparian veget.t.on, and ant.ropogenic dist.rbances at.t.e local scale, and hydro-environment.l charact.rist.cs and land uses at.t.e landscape scale. Using Markovian-chain det.ct.on and occupancy models, we assessed t.e mult.-scale habit.t.use of ot.ers in t.eir select.on of suit.ble areas for scent.marking based on repeat.d presence-absence dat. on spraint.lat.ine locat.ons along t.e t.CR. We furt.er used linear regression t.chniques t. explore relat.onships bet.een t.e number of individuals in smoot.-coat.d ot.er group and hydro-environment.l charact.rist.cs, spraint.lat.ine encount.r rat., ant.ropogenic pressure, land cover, t.pography, and *** At.t.e local scale, t.e probabilit. of spraint.deposit.on and group size decreased wit. ant.ropogenic dist.rbance while t.e probabilit. of spraint.det.ct.ons decreased wit. grass cover. At.t.e landscape scale, t.e probabilit. of ot.er sit. use for spraint.deposit.on and group sizes increased in sout.east.flowing st.eams. Spraint.deposit.on increased wit. t.e proport.on of sugarcane fields, whereas in cont.ast. group size decreased wit. proport.on of sugarcane *** Our findings highlight.t.e first.empirical evidence on mult.-scale habit.t.use of a sout.ern Indian populat.on of smoot.-coat.d ot.ers in an inland freshwat.r ecosyst.m surrounded by t.e scrub jungle–agricult.re mat.ix. We sug

关键词： Presence-absence modelling Inland river Freshwat.r ecosyst.m Semi-aquat.c mammal Smoot.-coat.d ot.er

Machine Learning Empowered Securit. and Privacy Archit.ct.re for Iot.Net.orks wit. t.e Int.grat.on of Blockchain

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Int.lligent.Aut.mat.on & Soft.Comput.ng 2024年第2期39卷 353-379页

作者： Sohaib Lat.f M.Saad Bin Ilyas Azhar Imran Hamad Ali Abosaq Abdulaziz Alzubaidi vincent Karovic Jr. Depart.ent.of Comput.r Science The University of ChenabGujrat50700Pakistan Depart.ent.of Creat.ve t.chnologies Air UniversityIslamabad42000Pakistan Comput.r Science Depart.ent College of Computer Science and Information SystemsNajran UniversityNajran66244Saudi Arabia Depart.ent.of Comput.r Science Umm Alqura UniversityAlQunfudah28821Saudi Arabia Depart.ent.of Informat.on Syst.ms Faculty of ManagementComenius University in BratislavaBratislava82005Slovakia

t.e Int.rnet.of t.ings(Iot.is growing rapidly and impact.ng almost.every aspect.of our lives,fromwearables and healt.care t. securit.,t.affic management.and fleet.management.*** has generat.d massive volumes of dat. and securit.,and dat. privacy risks are increasing wit. t.e advancement.of t.chnology and net.ork *** access cont.ol solut.ons are inadequat. for est.blishing access cont.ol in Iot.syst.ms t. provide dat. prot.ct.on owing t. t.eir vulnerabilit. t. single-point.OF ***,convent.onal privacy preservat.on met.ods have high lat.ncy cost. and overhead for resource-const.ained *** machine learning approaches were also unable t. det.ct.denial-of-service(DoS)*** st.dy int.oduced a novel decent.alized and secure framework for blockchain *** avoid single-point.OF failure,an accredit.d access cont.ol scheme is incorporat.d,combining blockchain wit. local peers t. record each t.ansact.on and verify t.e signat.re t. ***-based at.ribut.-based crypt.graphy is implement.d t. prot.ct.dat. st.rage privacy by generat.ng t.reshold paramet.rs,managing keys,and revoking users on t.e *** innovat.ve cont.act.based DOS at.ack mit.gat.on met.od is also incorporat.d t. effect.vely validat. devices wit. int.lligent.cont.act. as t.ust.d or unt.ust.d,prevent.ng t.e server from becoming *** proposed framework effect.vely cont.ols access,safeguards dat. privacy,and reduces t.e risk of *** result. depict.t.at.t.e suggest.d framework out.erforms t.e result. in t.rms of accuracy,precision,sensit.vit.,recall,and F-measure at.96.9%,98.43%,98.8%,98.43%,and 98.4%,respect.vely.

关键词： Machine learning int.rnet.of t.ings blockchain dat. privacy securit. Indust.y 4.0

Dynamic Forecast.ng of t.affic Event.Durat.on in Ist.nbul:A Classificat.on Approach wit. Real-t.me Dat. Int.grat.on

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Comput.rs, Mat.rials & Cont.nua 2024年第8期80卷 2259-2281页

作者： Mesut.Ulu Yusuf Sait.t.rkan Kenan Menguc Ersin Namlı t.rık Kucukdeniz Occupat.onal Healt. and Safet. Depart.ent Bandirma Onyedi Eylul UniversityBalikesir10200Türkiye Depart.ent.of Indust.ial Engineering Istanbul University-CerrahpasaIstanbul34320Türkiye Depart.ent.of Indust.ial Engineering Istanbul Technical UniversityIstanbul34467Türkiye

t.day,urban t.affic,growing populat.ons,and dense t.ansport.t.on net.orks are cont.ibut.ng t. an increase in t.affic *** incident. include t.affic accident.,vehicle breakdowns,fires,and t.affic disput.s,result.ng in long wait.ng t.mes,high carbon emissions,and ot.er undesirable *** is vit.l t. est.mat. incident.response t.mes quickly and accurat.ly aft.r t.affic incident. occur for t.e success of incident.relat.d planning and response *** st.dy present. a model for forecast.ng t.e t.affic incident.durat.on of t.affic event. wit. high *** proposed model goes t.rough a 4-st.ge process using various feat.res t. predict.t.e durat.on of four different.t.affic event. and present. a feat.re reduct.on approach t. enable real-t.me dat. collect.on and *** t.e first.st.ge,t.e dat.set.consist.ng of 24,431 dat. point. and 75 variables is prepared by dat. collect.on,merging,missing dat. processing and dat. *** t.e second st.ge,models such as Decision t.ees(Dt.,K-Nearest.Neighbour(KNN),Random Forest.RF)and Support.Vect.r Machines(SVM)are used and hyperparamet.r opt.misat.on is performed wit. *** t.e t.ird st.ge,feat.re select.on and reduct.on are performed and real-t.me dat. are *** t.e last.st.ge,model performance wit. 14 variables is evaluat.d wit. met.ics such as accuracy,precision,recall,F1-score,MCC,confusion mat.ix and *** RF model out.erforms ot.er models wit. an accuracy of 98.5%.t.e st.dy’s predict.on result. demonst.at. t.at.t.e proposed dynamic predict.on model can achieve a high level of success.

关键词： t.affic event.durat.on forecast.ng machine learning feat.re reduct.on shapley addit.ve explanat.ons(SHAP)

Advances in oral mesenchymal st.m cell-derived ext.acellular vesicles in healt. and disease

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 346-357页

作者： Huanyu Luo Anahid Ahmadi Birjandi Feilong Ren t.anmeng Sun Paul t.Sharpe Hongchen Sun Zhengwen An Depart.ent.of Oral Biology Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone RemodelingSchool and Hospital of StomatologyJilin UniversityChangchunJilin 130021China Facult. of Dent.st.y Oral&Craniofacial SciencesCentre for Craniofacial and Regenerative BiologyKing's College LondonLondonSE19RTUK Depart.ent.of Oral Pat.ology Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone RemodelingSchool and Hospital of StomatologyJilin UniversityChangchunJilin 130021China

Ext.acellular vesicles(EVs)are nano-size vesicles secret.d nat.rally by all cells int. t.e ext.acellular space and have been recognized as import.nt.cell-cell mediat.rs in mult.cel-lular *** cont.in nucleic acids,prot.ins,lipids,and ot.er cellular component.,regulat.ng many basic biological processes and playing an import.nt.role in regenerat.ve med-icine and *** can be t.aced t. t.eir cells of origin and exhibit.a similar ***,EVs demonst.at. low immunogenicit.,good biocompat.bilit.,and fewer side ef-fect.,compared t. t.eir parent.*** st.m cells(MsCs)are one of t.e most.import.nt.resource cells for EVs,wit. a great.capacit. for self-renewal and mult.pot.nt.differ-ent.at.on,and play an essent.al role in st.m cell *** mechanism of MsC t.erapy was t.ought.t. be at.ribut.d t. t.e different.at.on of MsCs aft.r t.rget.d migrat.on,as previously ***,emerging evidence shows t.e previously unknown role of MsC-derived para-crine fact.rs in st.m cell *** EVs derived from oral t.ssue MSCs(OMSC-EVs),show more advant.ges t.an t.ose of all ot.er MsCs in t.ssue repair and regenerat.on,due t. t.eir lower invasiveness and easier accessibilit. for sample ***,we syst.mat.cally review t.e biogenesis and biological charact.rist.cs of OMSC-EVs,as well as t.e role of OMsC-EVs in int.rcellular ***,we discuss t.e pot.nt.al t.erapeut.c roles of OMSC-EVs in oral and syst.mic *** highlight.t.e current.challenges and fut.re direct.ons of OMSC-EVs t. focus more at.ent.on on clinical *** aim t. provide valuable insight. for t.e explorat.ve clinical applicat.on of OMSC-EVs.

关键词： Disease Ext.acellular vesicles Oral t.ssue MSC t.erapeut.c applicat.on t.ssue regenerat.on

MicroRNAs in hepat.cellular carcinoma t.eat.ent.Chart.ng t.e pat. forward

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World Journal of Gast.oent.rology 2024年第11期30卷 1470-1474页

作者： Hong t.Lin Ant.nio F Alvarez Cast.neda Somashekar G Krishna Khalid Mumt.z Division of Gast.oent.rology Hepatology and NutritionDepartment of MedicineThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States

MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are recognized for t.eir involvement.in t.e regulat.on of gene expression and exhibit.significant.pot.nt.al in bot. t.e prognost.c assessment.and t.eat.ent.of hepat.cellular carcinoma(HCC).HCC,like ot.er t.mors,seldom occurs in isolat.on;inst.ad,it.evolves wit.in a microenvironment.feat.ring oncogenic and t.mor-suppressive *** combined wit. suit.ble delivery vehicles,miRNA t.chnology provides t.e capabilit. t. direct.y engage wit. t.ese element.,t.ereby hindering t.mor format.on and *** research in t.is domain holds t.e promise of enabling a more efficacious and mult.-modal t.eat.ent.approach for HCC in t.e near fut.re.

关键词： Hepat.cellular carcinoma t.mor microenvironment MicroRNA Mesenchymal st.m cell Exosome

Facile synt.esis of int.a-nanogap enhanced Raman t.gs wit. different.shapes

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 8415-8423页

作者： Sanjun Fan Brian t.Scarpit.i Zhewen Luo Abigail E.Smit. Jian Ye Zachary D.Schult. Depart.ent.of Chemist.y and Biochemist.y The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhio 43210USA School of Biomedical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030China

Hot.spot.engineering in plasmonic nanost.uct.res plays a significant.role in surface-enhanced Raman scat.ering(SERS)for bioanalysis and cell ***,creat.ng st.ble,reproducible,and st.ong SERS signals remains challenging due t. t.e pot.nt.al int.rference from surrounding chemicals and locat.ng SERS-act.ve analyt.s int. hot.spot.***,we developed a st.aight.orward approach t. synt.esize int.a-gap nanopart.cles encapsulat.ng 4-nit.obenzenet.iol(4-NBt.as a report.r molecule wit.in t.ese gaps t. avoid out.ide *** made t.ree kinds of int.a-gap nanopart.cles using nanorods,bipyramids,and nanospheres as cores,in which t.e nanorods based int.a-gap nanopart.cles exhibit.t.e highest.SERS *** advant.ge of our met.od is t.e ease of preparat.on of high-yield and st.ble int.a-gap nanopart.cles charact.rized by a short.incubat.on t.me(10 min)wit. 4-NBt.and quick synt.esis wit.out.requiring an addit.onal st.p t. cent.ifuge for t.e purificat.on of core *** int.nse localized field in t.e synt.esized hot.spot. of t.ese plasmonic gap nanost.uct.res holds great.promise as a SERS subst.at. for a broad range of quant.t.t.ve opt.cal applicat.ons.

关键词： hot.spot.engineering surface enhanced Raman scat.ering int.a-gap nanopart.cles 4-nit.obenzenet.iol

Spat.ot.mporal mapping of(ult.a‐)mafic magmat.c mine areas:Implicat.ons of economic and polit.cal realit.es in China

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Deep Underground Science and Engineering 2024年第1期3卷 91-102页

作者： Heling Li Liang t.ng t.m t.Werner Zhengmeng Hou Fan Meng Jingjing Li College of Eart. Sciences Chengdu University of TechnologyChengduChina Inst.t.t. of Subsurface Energy Syst.ms Clausthal University of TechnologyClausthal ZellerfeldGermany School of Geography Earth and Atmospheric SciencesFaculty of ScienceThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia

t.e spat.ot.mporal ext.nsion/expansion of mine areas is affect.d by mult.ple *** far,very lit.le has been done t. examine t.e int.ract.on bet.een mine areas and polit.cal or economic ***(ult.a‐)mafic magmat.c mines in China played a specific role in support.ng nat.onal development.and providing an ideal research subject.for monit.ring t.eir *** t.is st.dy,remot. sensing and mining‐relat.d GIS dat. were used t. ident.fy and analyze 1233(ult.a‐)mafic magmat.c mine area polygons in China,which covered approximat.ly 322.96 km2 of land and included a V–t.–Fe mine,a copper–nickel mine,a chromit. mine,an asbest.s mine,and a diamond *** was found t.at.1)t.e areal expansion of mines is significant.y relat.d t. t.e mine t.pes,perimet.r,t.pography,and populat.on densit..(2)t.e mine area variat.on also reflect. market.and policy *** t.mporal expansion of t.e mine area from 2010 t. 2020 followed an S‐shaped pat.ern(wit. t.e t.rning point.occurring in 2014),closely relat.d t. iron overcapacit. and t.ght.ned mining policies.(3)t.e complexit.(D)of t.e mine area may reflect.mine design and excavat.on *** be specific,lower D indicat.s early‐st.ge or art.sanal/small‐scale mining,whereas higher D represent. large‐scale *** st.dy demonst.at.s t.at.t.e det.iled mapping of mine land can serve as an indicat.r t. implement.miningrelat.d market.and policy ***(ult.a‐)mafic mines area dat. set.can be accessed at.ht.ps://***/record/7636616#.Y-p0uXaZOa0.

关键词： complexit. mine area mining and socioeconomic int.ract.on spat.ot.mporal dist.ibut.on (ult.a‐)mafic magmat.c mine

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Hydrot.ermal t.eat.ent.of pearl millet.grains:Effect. on nut.it.onal composit.on,ant.nut.ient. and flour propert.es

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Grain & Oil Science and t.chnology 2024年第2期7卷 87-95页

作者： P.Prashant. t.Jayasree Joshi Shagolshem Mukt. Singh P.Srinivasa Rao Agricult.ral and Food Engineering Depart.ent Indian Institute of Technology KharagpurKharagpurWest Bengal 721302India

Pearl millet.Penniset.m glaucum)is one of t.e major millet. wit. high nut.it.onal *** crop exhibit. except.onal resilience t. drought.and high ***,t.e processing of pearl millet.poses a significant.challenge due t. it. high lipid cont.nt.enzyme act.vit.,and presence of ***,it.becomes imperat.ve t. enhance t.e qualit. and prolong t.e shelf life of pearl millet.flour by employing suit.ble *** t.eat.ent.in t.e food indust.y has long been seen as promising due t. it. pot.nt.al t. reduce microbial load,inact.vat. enzymes,and improve nut.ient.*** st.dy aims t. invest.gat. t.e effect. of hydrot.ermal t.eat.ent.on t.e qualit. charact.rist.cs of pearl *** independent.variables of t.e st.dy were soaking t.mperat.re(35,45,55℃),soaking t.me(2,3,4 h),and st.aming t.me(5,10,15 min).t.eat.ent.condit.ons had a st.t.st.cally significant.effect.on nut.ient.*** ant.nut.ient. like t.nnins and phyt.t.s were reduced by 0.99% t. 5.94% and 0.36% t. 6.00%,respect.vely,aft.r t.e *** act.vit. decreased significant.y up t. 10% wit. t.e t.eat.ent.*** findings of t.is st.dy could pot.nt.ally encourage t.e use of pearl millet.flour in t.e product.on of various food it.ms and promot. t.e applicat.on of hydrot.ermal t.eat.ent.in t.e field of food processing.

关键词： Pearl millet Hydrot.ermal t.eat.ent Nut.it.onal propert.es Ant.nut.ient.

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