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Reprogramming cells with synthetic proteins

Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第3期17卷 394-402页

作者： Xiaoxiao Yang vikas Malik Ralf Jauch Genome Regulation Laboratory Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health Chinese Academy of Sciences 190 Kai Yuan Avenue Science Park Guangzhou China

Conversion of one cell type into another cell type by forcibly expressing specific cocktails of transcription factors （TFs） has demonstrated that cell fates are not fixed and that cellular differentiation can be a two-way street with many intersections. These experiments also illustrated the sweeping potential of TFs to ＂read＂ genetically hardwired regulatory information even in cells where they are not normally expressed and to access and open up tightly packed chromatin to execute gene expression programs. Cellular reprogramming enables the modeling of diseases in a dish, to test the efficacy and toxicity of drugs in patient-derived cells and ultimately, could enable cell-based therapies to cure degenerative diseases. Yet, producing terminally differentiated cells that fully resemble their in vivo counterparts in sufficient quantities is still an unmet clinical need. While efforts are being made to reprogram cells nongeneticaUy by using *** molecules, defined TF cocktails still dominate reprogramming protocols. Therefore; the optimization of TFs by protein engineering has emerged as a strategy to enhance reprogramming to produce functional, stable and safe cells for regenerative biomedicine. Engineering approaches focused on Oct4, MyoD, Sox17, Nanog and Mef2c and range from chimeric TFs with added transactivation domains, designer transcription activator-like effectors to activate endogenous TFs to reprogramming TFs with rationally engineered DNA recognition principles. Possibly, applying the complete toolkit of protein design to cellular reprogramming can help to remove the hurdles that, thus far, impeded the clinical use of cells derived from reprogramming technologies.

关键词： cellular reprogramming protein design protein engineering synthetic transcription factors transactivation

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Randomized, double-blind, comparative study of dexrabeprazole 10 mg versus rabeprazole 20 mg in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第30期13卷 4100-4102页

作者： vikas Pai Nitin Pai Pai Clinic Pune Abhinav Apts 778/B-1 Shivajinagar Pune 411005 India

AIM：TO compare the efficacy and safety of dexrabe-prazole 10 mg versus rabeprazole 20 mg in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease （GERD）.METHODS： This was a randomized, double-blind clinical study. Fifty patients with GERD were randomly assigned to receive dexrabeprazole 10 mg or rabeprazole 20 mg once daily. Efficacy was assessed by evaluating improvement in visual analog scale （VAS） scores of heart-burn and regurgitation and safety was assessed by recording incidence of any adverse drug reactions. Laboratory investigations and upper gastro-intestinal endoscopy was conducted at baseline and after 28 d of therapy.RESULTS： A total of 50 patients （n = 25 in dexrabeprazole group and rabeprazole group each） completed the study. There were no significant differences in the baseline characteristics between the two groups. The VAS score （mean 4. SD） of heartburn and regurgitation in dexrabeprazole （64.8±5.1 and 64 ± 8.1, respectively） and rabeprazole （64.4 ± 8.7 and 57.6 ± 9.7, respectively） groups significantly reduced （P 〈 0.0001） to 30 ± 11.5, 24 ± 10 and 32 ± 9.5, 29.2±11.9, respectively on d 28. A significantly higher （P = 0.002） proportion of patients showed ≥ 50% improvement in regurgitation with dexrabeprazole 10 mg （96%） compared to rabeprazole 20 mg （60%）. Onset of symptom improvement was significantly earlier with dexrabeprazole than with rabeprazole （1.8 ± 0.8 d vs 2.6 ± 1.4 d; P 〈0.05）. The incidences of esophagitis in the dexrabeprazole group and rabeprazole group before therapy were 84% and 92%, respectively （P = 0.38）. The incidence of improvement/healing of esophagitis after therapy was more （P = 0,036） in the dexrabeprazole group （95.2%） compared to the rabeprazole group （65.2%）. No adverse drug reaction was seen in either group.CONCLUSION： In the treatment of GERD, efficacy of dexrabeprazole 10 mg is better than rabeprazole 20 mg, with regards to improvement/healing of endoscopic lesions and relief from symptoms of regurgitation.

关键词： Dexrabeprazole/R(+) rabeprazole Gastroesophageal reflux disease Efficacy Safety

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Is age just a number: pancreaticoduodenectomy in elderly patients?

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2016年第4期15卷 346-347页

作者： vikas Dudeja Alan Livingstone Division of Surgical Oncology De Witt Daughtry Family Department of SurgeryUniversity of Miami Miller School of Medicine

Pancreatic cancer incidence is increasing *** the developed countries have seen a greater increase in the age-standardized incidence rate of pancreatic cancer（29%from 1990-2013）,developing countries are also not spa... 详细信息

关键词： standardized elderly incidence safely mortality Whipple morbidity malignancy postoperative curative

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Lie group analysis, numerical and non-traveling wave solutions for the (2+1)-dimensional diffusion–advection equation with variable coefficients

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Chinese Physics B 2014年第3期23卷 71-76页

作者： vikas Kumar R.K.Gupta Ram Jiwari Department of Mathematics D.A.V.College Pundari School of Mathematics and Computer Applications Thapar University

In this paper, the variable-coefficient diffusion-advection （DA） equation, which arises in modeling various physical phenomena, is studied by the Lie symmetry approach. The similarity reductions are derived by determining the complete sets of point symmetries of this equation, and then exact and numerical solutions are reported for the reduced second-order nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Further, an extended （Gl/G）-expansion method is applied to the DA equation to construct some new non-traveling wave solutions.

关键词： diffusion-advection equation Lie group analysis numerical solutions extended (G'/G)-expansion method

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Evaluating location specific strain rates, temperatures,and accumulated strains in friction welds through microstructure modeling

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2018年第2期14卷 83-92页

作者： Javed Akram Prasad Rao Kalvala vikas Jindal Mano Misra Dept. of Metallurgical Engineering University of Utah Dept. of Metallurgical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology(BHU)

A microstructural simulation method is adopted to predict the location specific strain rates, temperatures, grain evolution, and accumulated strains in the Inconel 718 friction welds. Cellular automata based 2D microstructure model was developed for Inconel 718 alloy using theoretical aspects of dynamic recrystallization. Flow curves were simulated and compared with experimental results using hot deformation parameter obtained from literature work. Using validated model, simulations were performed for friction welds of Inconel 718 alloy generated at three rotational speed i.e., 1200, 1500, and1500 RPM. Results showed the increase in strain rates with increasing rotational speed. These simulated strain rates were found to match with the analytical results. Temperature difference of 150 K was noticed from center to edge of the weld. At all the rotational speeds, the temperature was identical implying steady state temperature(0.89 T_m) attainment.

关键词： Microstructure modeling Dynamic recrystallization Friction welding Inconel 718 EBSD Hot deformation Strain map

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Comparative study of travelling-wave and numerical solutions for the coupled short pulse (CSP) equation

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Chinese Physics B 2013年第5期22卷 60-66页

作者： vikas Kumar R. K. Gupta Ram Jiwari School of Mathematics and Computer Applications Thapar University

The Lie symmetry analysis is performed for the coupled short plus （CSP） equation. We derive the infinitesimals that admit the classical symmetry group. Five types arise depending on the nature of the Lie symmetry generator. In all types, we find reductions in terms of system of ordinary differential equations, and exact solutions of the CSP equation are derived, which are compared with numerical solutions using the classical fourth-order Runge-Kutta scheme.

关键词： coupled short pulse (CSP) equation Lie symmetric analysis Runge-Kutta scheme exact solutions

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Glucose measurement via Raman spectroscopy of graphene:Principles and operation

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Nano Research 2022年第10期15卷 8697-8704页

作者： Alireza Ahmadianyazdi Ngoc Hoang Lan Nguyen Jie Xu vikas Berry Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinois 60607USA Department of Chemical Engineering University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinois 60607USA

The sensitivity of graphene’s Raman characteristics to external perturbations can be exploited for sensing *** apply this principle,Raman spectroscopy of graphene in contact with a chemical/biological analyte is recorded to unravel a correlation between analyte’s physical/chemical/biological properties and electronic properties(Fermi energy and dopants level)of *** an example,we demonstrate the principle and operation of glucose measurement using graphene’s Raman spectroscopy,utilizing both affinity and enzymatic detection *** the affinity detection,we monitor Raman spectrum of graphene in contact with a glucose containing sample to quantify the attachment of glucose onto 1-pyrene boronic acid(PBA)functionalized *** is revealed that glucose covalent bond to PBA induces n-type doping in graphene and increases its Fermi level following the Hill–Langmuir *** the enzymatic detection,we show that graphene’s Fermi energy shifts due to the biocatalytic oxidation of glucose by immobilized glucose oxidase(GOx)*** a result,graphene becomes p-doped with increasing glucose *** attribute this sensitivity to a re-distribution of ionic charges within the electric double layer(EDL)of graphene upon introducing the glucose *** model explains both our affinity and enzymatic glucose detection *** glucose detection,our graphene Raman spectroscopy-based sensor(GRS)may extend its applications to a broader range of remote and non-invasive detection without the need to employ electronics such as field-effect transistors.

关键词： graphene Raman spectroscopy glucose affinity detection glucose oxidase

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Space–time finite element method with domain reduction techniques for dynamic soil–structure interaction problems

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International Journal of Mechanical System Dynamics 2024年第2期4卷 117-130页

作者： vikas Sharma Shion Shimizu Kazunori Fujisawa Division of Environmental Science and Technology Graduate School of AgricultureKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan

Design of earth structures,such as dams,tunnels,and embankments,against the vibrational loading caused by high-speed trains,road traffic,underground explosions,and,more importantly,earthquake motion,demands solutions of the dynamic soil–structure Interaction(SSI)*** paper presents a velocity-based space–time finite element procedure,v-ST/finite element method(FEM),to solve dynamic SSI *** main goal of this study is to present the computation details of implementing viscous boundary conditions of Lysmer–Kuhlemeyer to truncate the unbounded soil ***,additional time-dependent boundary conditions,in terms of the free-field response,are included to facilitate energy flow from the far field to the computation domain at the vertical truncated *** the FEM,seismic input motion is applied to an effective nodal force vector,which can be obtained explicitly in the numerical ***,the response of a concrete gravity dam resting on an elastic half-space to the horizontal component of earthquake motion is computed and successfully compared with the results of semidiscrete FEM using the Newmark-βmethod.

关键词： absorbing boundary domain reduction FEM soil-structure interactions space-time

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Analysis of Capacity Decay, Impedance, and Heat Generation of Lithium-ionBatteries Experiencing Multiple Simultaneous Abuse Conditions

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Energy Engineering 2023年第12期120卷 2721-2740页

作者： Casey Jones Meghana Sudarshan vikas Tomar School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Purdue UniversityWest Lafayette47907USA

Abuse of Lithium-ion batteries,both physical and electrochemical,can lead to significantly reduced operational *** some instances,abuse can cause catastrophic failure,including thermal runaway,combustion,and *** different test standards that include abuse conditions have been developed,but these generally consider only one condition at a time and only provide go/no-go *** this work,different types of cell abuse are implemented concurrently to determine the extent to which simultaneous abuse conditions aggravate cell degradation and *** loading is chosen to be the consistent type of physical abuse,and the first group of cells is cycled at different vibrational *** next group of cells is cycled at the same frequencies,with multiple charge pulses occurring during each *** final group of cells is cycled at the same frequencies,with a partial nail puncture occurring near the beginning of *** results show that abusing cells with vibrational loading or vibrational loading with current pulses does not cause a significant decrease in operational capabilities while abusing cells with vibrational loading and a nail puncture drastically reduces operational *** cells with vibration only experience an increase in internal resistance by a factor of 1.09–1.26,the cells with vibration and current pulses experience an increase in internal resistance by a factor of 1.16–1.23,and all cells from each group reach their rated lifetime of 500 cycles without reaching their end-of-life ***,the cells with vibration and nail puncture experience an increase in internal resistance by a factor of 6.83–22.1,and each cell reaches its end-of-life capacity within 50 ***,the results show that testing multiple abuse conditions simultaneously provides a better representation of the extreme limitations of cell operation and should be considered for inclusion in reference test standards.

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries dynamic abuse testing electrochemical impedance spectroscopy incremental capacity analysis thermal profile analysis

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EPASAD:ellipsoid decision boundary based Process-Aware Stealthy Attack Detector

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Cybersecurity 2024年第3期7卷 32-48页

作者： vikas Maurya Rachit Agarwal Saurabh Kumar Sandeep Shukla Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology KanpurkanpurIndia Merkle Science BangaloreIndia

Due to the importance of Critical Infrastructure(Cl)in a nation's economy,they have been lucrative targets for cyber *** critical infrastructures are usually Cyber-Physical Systems such as power grids,water,and sewage treatment facilities,oil and gas pipelines,*** recent times,these systems have suffered from cyber attacks numer-ous *** have been developing cyber security solutions for Cls to avoid lasting *** to standard frameworks,cyber security based on identification,protection,detection,response,and recovery are at the core of these *** of an ongoing attack that escapes standard protection such as firewall,anti-virus,and host/network intrusion detection has gained importance as such attacks eventually affect the physical dynamics of the ***,anomaly detection in physical dynamics proves an effective means to implement *** is one example of anomaly detection in the sensor/actuator data,representing such systems physical *** present EPASAD,which improves the detection technique used in PASAD to detect these micro-stealthy attacks,as our experiments show that PASAD's spherical boundary-based detection fails to *** method EPASAD overcomes this by using Ellipsoid boundaries,thereby tightening the boundaries in various dimen-sions,whereas a spherical boundary treats all dimensions *** validate EPASAD using the dataset produced by the TE-process simulator and the C-town *** results show that EPASAD improves PASAD's average recall by 5.8%and 9.5%for the two datasets,respectively.

关键词： Intrusion detection system Critical infrastructure security Industrial control system Machine learning

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