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A Tutorial on Federated learning from Theory to Practice:Foundations,Software Frameworks,Exemplary Use Cases,and Selected Trends

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第4期11卷 824-850页

作者： M.victoria luzón Nuria Rodríguez-Barroso Alberto Argente-Garrido Daniel Jiménez-lópez Jose M.Moyano Javier Del Ser Weiping Ding Francisco Herrera Department of Software Engineering Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence(DaSCI)University of GranadaGranada 18071Spain Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence(DaSCI)University of GranadaGranada 18071Spain Department of Communications Engineering University of the Basque Country(UPV/EHU)and also with TECNALIABasque Research&Technology Alliance(BRTA)Spain School of Information Science and Technology Nantong UniversityNantong 226019China

When data privacy is imposed as a necessity,Federated learning(Fl)emerges as a relevant artificial intelligence field for developing machine learning(Ml)models in a distributed and decentralized *** allows Ml models to be trained on local devices without any need for centralized data transfer,thereby reducing both the exposure of sensitive data and the possibility of data interception by malicious third *** paradigm has gained momentum in the last few years,spurred by the plethora of real-world applications that have leveraged its ability to improve the efficiency of distributed learning and to accommodate numerous participants with their data *** virtue of Fl,models can be learned from all such distributed data sources while preserving data *** aim of this paper is to provide a practical tutorial on Fl,including a short methodology and a systematic analysis of existing software ***,our tutorial provides exemplary cases of study from three complementary perspectives:i)Foundations of Fl,describing the main components of Fl,from key elements to Fl categories;ii)Implementation guidelines and exemplary cases of study,by systematically examining the functionalities provided by existing software frameworks for Fl deployment,devising a methodology to design a Fl scenario,and providing exemplary cases of study with source code for different Ml approaches;and iii)Trends,shortly reviewing a non-exhaustive list of research directions that are under active investigation in the current Fl *** ultimate purpose of this work is to establish itself as a referential work for researchers,developers,and data scientists willing to explore the capabilities of Fl in practical applications.

关键词： Data privacy distributed machine learning federated learning software frameworks

Qigong improves balance in young women: a pilot study

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2013年第4期11卷 241-245页

作者： María victoria González lópez-Arza Enrique Varela-Donoso Jesús Montanero-Fernández Juan Rodríguez-Mansilla Blanca González-Sánchez luis González lópez-Arza Medicine and Surgery Department Extremadura University School of Medicine Adolor Research Group of the Extremadura University Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Department Complutense University School of Medicine Mathematics Department Extremadura University School of Sciences Health Care Centre of Zafra

BACKGROUND： Balance problems are common in people of all ages and can lead to falls, thus causing fractures with consequent disability. Qigong practice has long been part of daily life in Chinese culture, and has good effects on physical health maintenance. OBJECTIVE： The present work describes the change in balance in young, healthy women after practising Qigong for eight weeks. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTIONS： The study took the form of a controlled, randomised longitudinal trial, and involved 30 women aged 18-25 years. The subjects had no prior experience of Qigong or Tai Chi and were unaware of the aims of the study. Subjects were randomly assigned to a Qigong intervention group or a control group. Those in the Qigong intervention group performed ＂exercises in 20 figures for health and long-life＂（Wang Ziping） for 1 h twice per week, for 4 weeks. The control group undertook no exercise at all. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The main outcome measure was the stabilometry values. These were obtained in a unipodal support test, using a plantar pressure platform with optical sensors. RESUlTS： The Qigong subjects showed a significant improvement in their stabilometry results （40.1% pre-intervention and 56.4% post-intervention）（P〈0.045）, while no improvement was seen in the control group （51.2% pre-intervention and 53.5% post-intervention）. At the beginning of the intervention, the stabilometry values recorded for the Qigong intervention group were worse than those recorded for the control group （40.15% and 51.21% respectively; P=0.121）. However, a comparison of the post-intervention values between these groups showed that these differences have disappeared （P=0.653）. CONClUSION： Qigong can improve balance in healthy, young women.

关键词： Qigong musculoskeletal equilibrium women pilot projects

Unveiling DNA methylation in Alzheimer’s disease:a review of array-based human brain studies

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2365-2376页

作者： victoria Cunha Alves Eva Carro Joana Figueiro-Silva Neurodegenerative Diseases Group Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre Research Institute(imas12)MadridSpain Network Center for Biomedical Research Neurodegenerative Diseases(CIBERNED)MadridSpain PhD Program in Neuroscience Autonoma de Madrid UniversityMadridSpain Neurotraumatology and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Group Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre Research Institute(imas12)MadridSpain Neurobiology of Alzheimer’s Disease Unit Functional Unit for Research Into Chronic DiseasesInstituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain Institute of Medical Genetics University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland Department of Molecular life Science University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland

The intricacies of Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis are being increasingly illuminated by the exploration of epigenetic mechanisms,particularly DNA *** review comprehensively surveys recent human-centered studies that investigate whole genome DNA methylation in Alzheimer’s disease *** examination of various brain regions reveals distinctive DNA methylation patterns that associate with the Braak stage and Alzheimer’s disease *** entorhinal cortex emerges as a focal point due to its early histological alterations and subsequent impact on downstream regions like the ***,ANK1 hypermethylation,a protein implicated in neurofibrillary tangle formation,was recurrently identified in the entorhinal ***,the middle temporal gyrus and prefrontal cortex were shown to exhibit significant hypermethylation of genes like HOXA3,RHBDF2,and MCF2l,potentially influencing neuroinflammatory *** complex role of BIN1 in late-onset Alzheimer’s disease is underscored by its association with altered methylation *** the disparities across studies,these findings highlight the intricate interplay between epigenetic modifications and Alzheimer’s disease *** research efforts should address methodological variations,incorporate diverse cohorts,and consider environmental factors to unravel the nuanced epigenetic landscape underlying Alzheimer’s disease progression.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease ANK1 BIN1 DNA methylation epigenome-wide association studies HOXA3 MCF2l RHBDF2

Pathological and therapeutic effects of extracellular vesicles in neurological and neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 55-61页

作者： Paula lzquierdo-Altarejos victoria Moreno-Manzano Vicente Felipo laboratory of Neurobiology Centro Investigación Príncipe FelipeValenciaSpain Neuronal and Tissue Regeneration laboratory Centro Investigación Príncipe FelipeValenciaSpain

Extracellular vesicles are released by all cell types and contain proteins,microRNAs,mRNAs,and other bioactive *** vesicles play an important role in intercellular communication and in the modulation of the immune system and *** cargo of extra cellular vesicles(e.g.,proteins and microRNAs)is altered in pathological *** vesicles contribute to the pathogenesis of many pathologies associated with sustained inflammation and neuroinflammation,including cance r,diabetes,hype rammonemia and hepatic encephalopathy,and other neurological and neurodegenerative *** vesicles may cross the blood-brain barrier and transfer pathological signals from the periphery to the *** contributes to inducing neuroinflammation and cognitive and motor impairment in hyperammonemia and hepatic encephalopathy and in neurodegenerative *** mechanisms involved are beginning to be unde *** example,increased tumor necrosis factor a in extracellular vesicles from plasma of hype rammonemic rats induces neuroinflammation and motor impairment when injected into normal *** the mechanisms by which extracellular vesicles contribute to the pathogenesis of these diseases will help to develop new treatments and diagnostic tools for their easy and early *** contrast,extra cellular vesicles from mesenchymal stem cells have therapeutic utility in many of the above pathologies,by reducing inflammation and neuroinflammation and improving cognitive and motor *** extra cellular vesicles recapitulate the beneficial effects of mesenchymal stem cells and have advantages as therapeutic tools:they are less immunoge nic,may not diffe rentiate to malignant cells,cross the blood-brain barrier,and may reach more easily target *** vesicles from mesenchymal stem cells have beneficial effects in models of ischemic brain injury,Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases,hyperammonemia,and

关键词： extracellular vesicles inflammation cognitive function mesenchymal stem cells neurodegenerative diseases neuroinflammation therapy transforming growth factor-β

Medical management of urolithiasis: Great efforts and limited progress

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第2期11卷 149-155页

作者： victoria Jahrreiss Christian Seitz Fahad Quhal Department of Urology Comprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Urology King Fahad Specialist HospitalDammamSaudi Arabia

Objective:To provide a comprehensive review on the existing literature on medical management of ***:A thorough literature review was performed using Medline,PubMed/PMC,Embase,and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews up to December 2022 to identify publications on the medical management of *** that assessed dietary and pharmacologic management of urolithiasis were reviewed;studies on medical expulsive therapy were not included in this ***:Medical management of urolithiasis ranges from the prophylactic management of kidney stone disease to dissolution *** most treatment concepts have been long established,large randomized controlled trials are *** modification and increased fluid intake remain cornerstones in the conservative management of urolithiasis.A major limitation for medical management of urolithiasis is poor patient ***:Medical management of urolithiasis is more important in patients with recurrent urolithiasis and patients with metabolic abnormalities putting them at higher risk of developing *** medical management can be effective in limiting stone recurrence,medical interventions often fail due to poor compliance.

关键词： Medicalmanagement Medical therapy Urolithiasis Kidneystonedisease

Novel insights into D-Pinitol based therapies:a link between tau hyperphosphorylation and insulin resistance

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 289-295页

作者： Dina Medina-Vera Antonio Jesús lópez-Gambero Juan Antonio Navarro Carlos Sanjuan Elena Baixeras Juan Decara Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND UGC Salud MentalMálagaSpain Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de MálagaMálagaSpain CIBER Enfermedades Cardiovasculares(CIBERCV) Hospital Universitario Virgen de la VictoriaUGC del CorazónMálagaSpain University of Bordeaux INSERMNeurocentre MagendieBordeauxFrance Euronutra S.l.Calle Johannes Kepler MálagaSpain Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de MálagaMálagaSpain

Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the amyloid accumulation in the brains of patients with Alzheimer’s *** pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease is mainly mediated by the phosphorylation and aggregation of tau *** the multiple causes of tau hyperphosphorylation,brain insulin resistance has generated much attention,and inositols as insulin sensitizers,are currently considered candidates for drug *** present narrative review revises the interactions between these three elements:Alzheimer’s disease-tau-inositols,which can eventually identify targets for new disease modifiers capable of bringing hope to the millions of people affected by this devastating disease.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease cyclin-dependent kinase 5 diabetes D-Pinitol inositols insulin resistance kinases phosphorylation PI3K/Akt tau

Molecular mechanisms underlying SARS-CoV-2 hepatotropism and liver damage

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第1期16卷 1-11页

作者： Jorge Quarleri M victoria Delpino Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida(INBIRS) Universidad de Buenos Aires(UBA)Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET)Buenos Aires 1121Argentina

In coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)primarily targets the respiratory system,but evidence suggests extrapulmonary organ involvement,notably in the *** RNA has been detected in hepatic tissues,and in situ hybridization revealed virions in blood vessels and endothelial *** microscopy confirmed viral particles in hepatocytes,emphasizing the need for understanding hepatotropism and direct cytopathic effects in COVID-19-related liver *** factors contribute to liver injury,including direct cytotoxicity,vascular changes,inflammatory responses,immune reactions from COVID-19 and vaccinations,and druginduced liver *** a typical hepatitis presentation is not widely documented,elevated liver biochemical markers are common in hospitalized COVID-19 patients,primarily showing a hepatocellular pattern of ***-term studies suggest progressive cholestasis may affect 20%of patients with chronic liver disease post-SARS-CoV-2 *** molecular mechanisms underlying SARS-CoV-2 infection in the liver and the resulting liver damage are ***“Editorial”highlights the expression of the Angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 receptor in liver cells,the role of inflammatory responses,the impact of hypoxia,the involvement of the liver's vascular system,the infection of bile duct epithelial cells,the activation of hepatic stellate cells,and the contribution of monocyte-derived *** also mentions that pre-existing liver conditions can worsen the outcomes of *** the interaction of SARS-CoV-2 with the liver is still evolving,and further research is required.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Hepatotropism Angiotensin-converting enzyme-2

Mucopolysaccharidosis typeⅢB:a current review and exploration of the AAV therapy landscape

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 355-359页

作者： Courtney J.Rouse victoria N.Jensen Coy D.Heldermon lacerta Therapeutics AlachuaFLUSA University of Florida College of Medicine GainesvilleFLUSA

Mucopolysaccharidoses typeⅢB is a rare genetic disorder caused by mutations in the gene that encodes for *** results in the aggregation of heparan sulfate polysaccharides within cell lysosomes that leads to progressive and severe debilitating neurological *** treatment options are expensive,limited,and presently there are no approved cures for mucopolysaccharidoses typeⅢ***-associated virus gene therapy has significantly advanced the field forward,allowing researchers to successfully design,enhance,and improve potential *** group recently published an effective treatment using a codon-optimized triple mutant adeno-associated virus 8 vector that restores N-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase levels,auditory function,and lifespan in the murine model for mucopolysaccharidoses typeⅢB to that seen in healthy ***,we review the current state of the field in relation to the capsid landscape,adeno-associated virus gene therapy and its successes and challenges in the clinic,and how novel adenoassociated virus capsid designs have evolved research in the mucopolysaccharidoses typeⅢB field.

关键词： adeno-associated virus central nervous system gene therapy heparan sulfate immune response mucopolysaccharidoses type IIIB N-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase newborn screening

Sustainable Potato Production in the Mountain Area of Ecuador, an Approach to Increase Productivity with Small Scale Farmers

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Agricultural Sciences 2022年第10期13卷 1080-1090页

作者： Alicia Villavicencio Chang Hwan Park Kangjin Cho Rona Bae Diego Peñ aherrera Gabriela Narváez victoria lópez José Camacho Jovanny Suquillo Fausto Yumisaca Cesar Asaquibay María Nieto David Ortega Verónica Quimbiamba Cristian Torres Edwin Naranjo Stalin Cuenca Ricardo Alvarez Korean Program on International Agriculture and Technology—KOPIA Quito Ecuador Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias—INIAP Quito Ecuador Extension Services KOPIA-INIAP Quito Ecuador

Ecuador potato crop is family based production system. Potato production has two roles in their economy, the first is providing food for their families and the second is a source of income for the household. However small scale farmers have limited access to local markets and most of the sales are through intermediates’ who purchase directly in the field at the lowest price possible. Potato production challenges for the small-scale farmers are among others availability of quality potato seed, direct sales, purchase of agrochemical inputs to maintain their crops and lack of education. In 2021, only 4% of potato farmers used certified seed. Potato yield is still low around 16.1 t·ha-1, in the last 10 years the total potato cultivated area was reduced by at least 50%. The farmers produce “Bokashi” and other organic fertilizer and these are effective to improve soil fertility and plant health. Homemade bio-pesticides reduce agrochemical pesticides. The Decision Support System (DSS) is a handheld device to control late blight, minimizes fungicide applications and improve fungicide rotation. In 2018 Candidatus liberibacter solanacearum (lso), the causal agent of zebra chip, and its vector, the potato psyllid Bactericera cockerelli, together created havoc for farmers and researchers. Promotion of early potato varieties INIAP—libertad is an alternative to lower the impact of this newest pest.

关键词： Potato Yield Small-Scale Farmers Agro-Ecological Production Quality Seed