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<i>In Vitro</i>Screening and Selection of Probiotic Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Spontaneously Fermenting Kunu-Zaki

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Advances in Microbiology 2013年第4期3卷 309-316页

作者： Solakunmi Omotunde Oluwajoba Felix Akinsola Akinyosoye victor olusegun oyetayo Department of Microbiology School of Science Federal University of Technology Akure Nigeria

The present study was conducted to determine the pro-biotic properties in vitro of the lactic acid bacteria isolated from spontaneously fermenting kunu-zaki. Kunu-zaki was processed using composite, non composite, germinated and ungerminated Digitaria exilis (Fonio), Sorghum bicolor (Sorghum) and Pennisetum americanum (Millet) cereals. A total of 150 LAB isolates were obtained from all the fermenting slurries. These 150 LAB isolates were screened for their ability to grow at pH 3.0, resistance against bile salt and ability to inhibit reference test pathogens. Out of these 150 LAB isolates;21 exhibited good probiotic properties. All the 21 isolates were further identified to specie and subspecies level using standard API50CHL system with all 21 showing good survival (P < 0.05) in a pH 3.0 buffered medium and subsequent resistance to 0.3% bile. The LAB isolates which survived these conditions consisted of 18 Lactobacillus species, 2 Pediococcus species and 1 Lactococcus specie. These LAB species were further examined for antimicrobial activity against the growth of reference pathogens Staphylococcus aureus 25923, Escherichia coli 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 27853 and Enterococcus faecalis 29212. All 21 LAB species exhibited good inhibition of all test reference pathogens except Lactobacillus fructivorans, Lactococcus lactis sp lactis and L. fermentum which however, showed no zone of inhibition against the growth of E. faecalis. Kunu-zaki made from composite un-germinated Sorghum bicolor (Sorghum) and Pennisetum americanum (Millet) cereal grains contained the highest percentage (52%) of LAB species which showed good probiotic criteria in vitro. Non composite ungerminated cereals accounted for 33% of the total probiotic LAB isolates whilst the germinated non composite and composite cereals recorded the lowest percentage (10%) and (5%) of probiotic LAB respectively. The results of this research study showed that the LAB species isolated from wild fermentation of kunu-z

关键词： Probiotic Spontaneously Fermenting Germination Composite Non Composite

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Health and Labor Productivity among Female Farmers in Imo State, Nigeria

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2012年第7期2卷 856-863页

作者： Agulanna Foluso Temitope kpi Anthony Okoruwa victor olusegun Department of Agricultural Economics University of lbadan lbadan Nigeria

This study examined the impact of farmers＇ health on labor data was collected through a field survey of 290 rural households productivity of female farmers in Imo State, Nigeria. Primary Descriptive statistics and estimation of efficiency following maximum likelihood estimation （MLE） procedure available in Frontier 4.1 were used to analyze the data. Results from the analyses showed that malaria has the highest prevalence level among female farmers in the study area followed by typhoid fever. The causes of sicknesses vary from cold, stress, mosquito bites and bad drinking water. Furthermore, the results showed that sicknesses affect the productivity of farmers by reducing their work capacity. Also, the distance to source of drinking water from home, source of drinking water, age, body mass index of farmers are also found to significantly affect the physical work output of farmers in the study area. The result shows that the distribution of farmers was highly skewed with about 99% of the farmers having their efficiency above 0.61. This indicates that majority of the farmers are technically efficient in the allocation of resources to crop production, The result also shows that the average efficiency was about 82.9%. Thus, the farmers＇ level of efficiency can be improved if there is a shift in the fi＇ontier, i.e. if factors contributing to inefficiency are adequately controlled. The study recommends the need to invest more on human capital especially health for there to be an improvement in rural productivity. Also, rural development policies should include health policies especially for women since it has a great influence on the household and emphasis should also be on preventive rather than curative health services.

关键词： Labor productivity sickness health status female farmers Imo State.

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Survival Rate Analysis on Breast Cancer Cases at Univesity College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Statistics 2022年第2期12卷 238-260页

作者： Olatayo olusegun Alabi Aminat Yetunde Saula Ezra Gayawan victor Samuel Alabi Hamidu Abimbola Bello Rasaq Yinka Akinbo Taiwo Abideen Lasisi Department of Statistics Federal University of Technology Akure Nigeria Department of Clinical Science University of Medical Sciences Ondo Nigeria Department of Mathematics and Statistics Federal Polytechnic Ilaro Nigeria Department of Statistics Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomoso Nigeria

Breast cancer is one of the leading diseases that affect women’s lives. It affects their lives in so many ways by denying them the required standard of health needed to carry out all of their daily activities for some days, weeks, months or years before eventually causing death. This research estimates the survival rate of breast cancer patients and investigates the effects of stage of tumor, gender, age, ethnic group, occupation, marital status and type of cancer upon the survival of patients. Data used for the study were extracted from the case file of patients in the Radiation Oncology Department, University College Hospital, Ibadan using a well-structured pro forma in which 74 observations were censored and 30 events occurred. The Kaplan-Meier estimator was used to estimate the overall survival probability of breast cancer patients following their recruitment into the study and determine the mean and median survival times of breast cancer patients following their time of recruitment into the study. Since there are different groups with respect to the stages of tumor at the time of diagnosis, the log-rank test was used to compare the survival curve of the stages of tumor with considering p-values below 0.05 as statistically significant. Multivariate Cox regression was used to investigate the effects of some variables on the survival of patients. The overall cumulative survival probability obtained is 0.175 (17.5%). The overall estimated mean time until death is 28.751 weeks while the median time between admission and death is 23 weeks. As the p-value (0.000032) of the log-rank test for comparing stages of tumor is less than 0.05, it is concluded that there is significant evidence of a difference in survival times for the stages of tumor. The survival function plot for the stages of tumor shows that patients with stage III tumor are less likely to survive. From the estimated mean time until death for the stages of tumor, it was deduced that stage I tumor patients

关键词： Survival Rate Breast Cancer Kaplan-Meier Estimator Log-Rank Test and Multivariate Cox Regression

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