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Energetic-protein supplementation in the last 60 days of gestation improves performance of beef cows grazing tropical pastures

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第1期9卷 208-216页

作者： Aline Gomes da Silva Mário Fonseca Paulino Edenio detmann Henrique Jorge Fernandes Lincoln da Silva Amorim Román Enrique Maza Ortega victor valério de carvalho Josilaine Aparecida da Costa Lima Felipe Henrique de Moura Mariana Benevides Monteiro Jéssika Almeida Bitencourt Universidade Federal de Vicosa VicosaMinas Gerais 36570-000Brazil Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul Campo GrandeMato Grosso do Sul 79074-460Brazil Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul AquidauanaMato Grosso do Sul 79200-000Brazil Biotran Biotecnologia e Treinamento em Reproducao Animal AlfenasMinas Gerais 37130-000Brazil Universidade Federal do Acre Rio BrancoAcre 69920-900Brazil

Background： Nutrition is one of the most important factors that affect animal performance, and it therefore also impacts on financial results in beef systems. In this way, finding the best strategy for feeding supplements is of paramount importance. Aiming to evaluate the effect of supplement feeding strategies for beef cows in the last third of gestation, two experiments were conducted. In Experiment 1, 35 pregnant Nellore cows were assigned to a completely randomized design with four treatments： control, which received no supplement; supplementation for the last 30 d of gestation（30-d; 3.0 kg/d）; supplementation for the last 60 d of gestation（60-d; 1.5 kg/d）; or supplementation for the last 90 d of gestation（90-d; 1.0 kg/d）. All supplemented treatments received the same total amount of supplement throughout the experiment： 90 kg（20% of crude protein）. A second experiment（Experiment 2） was delineated to evaluate the effects of the amounts offered in Experiment 1 on intake and metabolism. Four multiparous pregnant Nellore cows were assigned to a 4 × 4 Latin square design, with periods of15 d ***： There was a linear effect of the number of days of supplementation on calving body weight（BW; P 〈 0.05）and a quadratic effect on BW change from parturition to d 31 post-calving（P 〈 0.05）, with cows on the 60-d strategy losing less BW post-calving. No difference was found in offspring birth BW（P 〉 0.10）. A significant linear effect on interval from parturition to conception（P 〈 0.05） was observed, with the highest calving to conception interval being observed in the 90-d strategy. The level of supplementation did not affect forage intake or neutral detergent fiber digestibility（P 〉 0.10）. Nitrogen excreted through urine tended to increase linearly with the level of supplementation（P 〈 0.10）.Conclusion： Providing 1.5 kg of supplement during the last 60 d of gestation improves cow performance after calving, reducing the magnitude of BW lost, and reduces the number of

关键词： Flushing Nutrition Parturition Reproduction

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Sex and season explain spleen weight variation in the Egyptian mongoose

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Current Zoology 2019年第1期65卷 11-20页

作者： victor BANdeIRA Emilio Virgos Alexandre AZEVEDO Joao carvalho Monica V. CUNHA Carlos Fonseca Dartment of Biology Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM) University of Aveiro Campus Universitario de Santiago Aveiro 3810-193 Portugal departamento de Biologia Geologia Fisica y Qufmica Inorganica Area Biodiversidad y Conservacion Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnologia (ESCET) Universidad Rey Juan Carlos c/Tulipan s/n Mostoles Madrid E-28933 Spain Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research Alfred-Kowalke-Straβe 17 Berlin 10315 Germany Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas Abel Salazar R. Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228 Porto 4050-313 Portugal Instituto Nacional de Investigaqao Agraria e Veterinaria (INIAV) IP-National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinary Research Rua dos Lagidos Lugar da Madalena Vairao 4485-655 Portugal cE3c-Centre for Ecology Evolution and Environmental Changes Faculdade de Ciencias Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa 1749-016 Portugal BiolSI-Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute Faculdade de Ciencias Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa 1749-016 Portugal Wildlife Ecology & Health group (WE&H) and Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS) Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona 08193-Bellaterra Barcelona Spain

The Egyptia n mon goose (Herpestes ichneumon Linn aeus, 1758) is a medium-sized car nivore that experienced remarkable geographic expansion over the last 3 decades in the Iberian Peninsula. In this study, we investigated the association of species-related and abiotic factors with spleen weight (as a proxy for immunocompete nee) in the species. We assessed the relationship of body con dition, sex, age, seas on, and envir onmental conditi ons with splee n weight established for 508 hunted specimens. Our results indicate that the effects of sex and season outweigh those of all other variables, including body condition. Spleen weight is higher in males than in females, and heavier spleens are more likely to be found in spring, coinciding with the highest period of investment in reproduction due to mating, gestation, birth, and lactation. Coupled with the absence of an effect of body condition, our findi ngs suggest that splee n weight variation in this species is mostly influe need by lifehistory traits linked to reproduction, rather than overall energy availability, winter immunoenhancement, or energy partitioning effects, and prompt further research focusing on this topic.

关键词： body condition carnivore Herpestes ichneumon Iberian Peninsula mongoose spleen weight

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Tertiary peritonitis: A disease that should not be ignored

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第10期9卷 2160-2169页

作者： Hanna Santos Marques Glauber Rocha Lima Araújo Filipe Antônio França da Silva Breno Bittencourt de Brito Paulo victor Dias Versiani Jaqueline Silva Caires Thiago de carvalho Milet Fabrício Freire de Melo Campus Vitória da Conquista Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da BahiaVitória da Conquista 45083-900BahiaBrazil Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde Universidade Federal da BahiaVitória da Conquista 45029-094BahiaBrazil department of Surgery Hospital Geral de Vitória da ConquistaVitória da Conquista 45029-094BahiaBrazil

Intra-abdominal infections can be classified into uncomplicated or complicated(peritonitis). Peritonitis is divided into primary, secondary, and tertiary. Tertiaryperitonitis is the less common but the most severe among peritonitisstratifications, being defined as a recurrent intra-abdominal infection that occurs48 h after a well-succeeded control of a secondary peritonitis. This disease has acomplex pathogenesis that is closely related to the capacity of the peritonealcavity to activate immunological processes. Patients who progress to persistentperitonitis are at an increased risk of developing several infectious complicationssuch as sepsis and multiple organ failure syndrome. Moreover, tertiary peritonitisremains an important cause of hospital death mainly among patients withassociated risk factors. The microbiological profile of organisms causing tertiaryperitonitis is often different from that observed in other types of peritonitis. Inaddition, there is a high prevalence of multidrug-resistant pathogens causing thiscondition, and an appropriate and successful clinical management depends on anearly diagnosis, which can be made easier with the use of clinical scorespresenting a good prediction value during the intensive care unit ***, immediate therapy should be performed to control theinfectious focus and to prevent new recurrences. In this sense, the treatment isbased on initial antimicrobial therapy and well-performed peritoneal drainage.

关键词： Tertiary peritonitis Pathogenesis Clinical manifestation Diagnosis Treatment Prognosis

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Association of Helicobacter pylori infection and giardiasis: Results from a study of surrogate markers for fecal exposure among children

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第18期11卷 2759-2763页

作者： Edson Duarte Moreira Jr victor Bastos Nassri Rafaela Sousa Santos Junísia Ferraz Matos Wilson Andrade de carvalho Célia Stolve Silvani Círia Santana e Sant'Ana Núcleo de Apoio à Pesquisa Fundac■o Irm■ Dulce Salvador Bahia Brazil Centro de Pesquisas Goncalo Moniz Fundac■o Oswaldo Cruz Salvador Bahia Brazil Diretoria Científica e Laboratório do Hospital S■o Rafael Salvador Bahia Brazil Núcleo de Apoio à Pesquisa Fundac■o Irm■Dulce Salvador Bahia Brazil Centro de Pesquisas Goncalo Moniz Fundac■o Oswaldo Cruz Salvador Bahia Brazil Diretoria Científica e Laboratório do Hospital S■o Rafael Salvador Bahia Brazil Diretoria Científica e Laboratório do Hospital S■o Rafael Salvador Bahia Brazil Diretoria Científica e Laboratório do Hospital S(?)o Rafael Salvador Bahia Brazil Núcleo de Apoio à Pesquisa Fundac(?)o Irm(?) Dulce Salvador Bahia Brazil

AIM: To investigate whether Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection is associated with hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection, presence of enteroparasites, and other surrogates of fecal exposure. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study in 121 children consecutively admitted at a pediatric hospital in Salvador, Brazil. H pyloriand HAV infection were identified by the presence of serum antibodies. Stool specimens were examined for the presence of ova and parasites. A structured questionnaire inquiring about sanitary conditions and life style was applied to each subject. RESULTS: Fifty-one of the 121 children (42.1%) were found to be seropositive for H pylori, and 45 (37.2%) for HAV. The seroprevalence of Hpyloriand HAV both increased significantly with age. Cross-tabulation of data showed that 26 (21.5%) were seropositive and 51 (42.1%) were negative for both H py/lriand HAV antibodies (x^2=7.18, OR=2.8, CI 1.30-5.97). The age adjusted OR for an HAV-infected child being H pylori positive was 2.3 (CI 1.02-5.03). The agreement between H pylori and HAV seropositivity was fair (k=0.24). After controlling for possible confounding, the variables remaining independently associated with seropositivity to H pylori were age, presence of Giardia lamblia in feces (OR=3.2, 95%CI, 1.1-9.5) and poor garbage disposal quality (OR=2.4, 95%CI, 1.1-5.1). CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that H pylori infection is associated with surrogate markers of fecal exposure. Thus, we conclude that the fecal-oral route is relevant in the transmission of HP among children in an urban setting of a developing country. The association observed between G. lamblia and H pylori infection may have several explanations. Further studies to investigate this relationship are warranted.

关键词： H pylori Hepatitis A virus Epidemiology Transmission Enteroparasites Brazil

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Leaf Gas Exchange,Photon Capture and Light Harvest in Aldina heterophylla along a Vegetation Gradient in the Amazon Rainforest

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第10期5卷 1477-1488页

作者： Joao victor Figueiredo Cardoso Rodrigues José Francisco de carvalho Goncalves Federal University of Amazonas Center for Distance EducationManausBrazil Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry National Institute for Research in the AmazonManausBrazil

Adaptation along environmental gradients is presumed to induce physiological and biochemical leaf changes in plant species. In this paper, we report how leaf gas exchange, photon capture and light harvest for photosynthesis in Aldina heterophylla change along a vegetation gradient from low stature open vegetation on extremely nutrient-poor white sand (Campina, CP), through inter-mediate closet type (Campinarana, CR) to tall closed rain forest (RF). The pigment concentrations did not differ between the CP, CR and RF habitats. The performance index for the photosynthesis (PIABS) of individuals in RF and CP was approximately 30% higher than that in CR individuals. This species showed similar potential rates of photosynthesis in the different vegetation types;however, the dark respiration rates were higher in CP. Our results indicate that the differences in the leaves and soil nitrogen concentrations are not enough to change the levels of gas exchange. Other environmental features may be driving the observed morphological features in this gradient, in particular, the tree height.

关键词： Chloroplast Pigments Dark Respiration Net Photosynthesis Physiological Plasticity Tropical Forest Biomass Accumulation

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Clinical use of estimating glomerular filtration rate equ-ations during pregnancy

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Health 2011年第1期3卷 32-36页

作者： Luiz Paulo José Marques Regina Rocco Maria Helena victor Benedita Calheiros de Novaes Ana Luiza Batista de carvalho Omar da Rosa Santos 不详

Background: Kidney disease, even when mild, was once considered so major an impediment to successful pregnancy and so dangerous to the mother’s wellbeing. High-risk pregnancy mainly associated to renal impairment may occur in 10-20% of gestations and it is very important that renal function is closely monitored to prevent or minimize maternal and fetal complications. This study was designed to investigate the performance of Cockcroft-Gault CGeq and the simplified MDRdeq equations in healthy pregnant women to assess renal function. Methods: We studied 167 normal ambulatory pregnant women and kidney function was contemporaneously estimated through the CGeq and the simplified MDRdeq and calculated through the creatinine clearance (Ccr). Serum and urinary creatinine were assayed using Jaffé reaction method in the same AutoAnalyser. Results: When we compared calculated and estimated clearences for measurement of kidney function we observed that CGeq overestimated renal function (CGeq = 168.41 ± 38.80 ml/ min/1.73 m2, Ccr = 146.27 ± 30.49 ml/min / 1.73 m2, p deq underestimated renal function (Ccr = 146.27 ± 30.49 ml/min / 1.73 m2, MDRdeq = 129.15 ± 29.28 ml/min / 1.73m2, p demonstrated that CGeq overestimated, MDRdeq underestimated significantly kidney function during gestation in healthy women and cannot be recommended to assess renal function in obstetric practice. Ccr remains a useful clinical tool in pregnant women until the development of a specific equation that considers the several important maternal renal physiological alterations and provides the measure of GFR the most unbiased and precise as possible.

关键词： Pregnancy Kidney function Glomerular Filtration Rate MDRD equation Cockcroft-Gault equation.

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Herpetological Diversity of Timor-Leste: Updates and a Review of Species Distributions

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Asian Herpetological Research 2015年第2期6卷 73-131页

作者： Mark O'SHEA Caitlin SANCHEZ Andrew KATHRINER Sven MECKE Venancio LOPES carvalho Agivedo VARELA RIBEIRO Zito AFRANIO SOARES Luis LEMOS de ARAUJO Hinrich KAISER Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Wolverhampton Wulfruna Street Wolverhampton WV1 1LY United Kingdom and West Midland Safari Park Bewdley Worcestershire DY12 LF United Kingdom department of Biology Victor Valley College department of Biology Villanova University 800 East Lancaster Avenue Villanova Pennsylvania 19085 USA department of Herpetology Bronx Zoo 2300 Southern Boulevard Bronx New York 10460 USA department of Animal Evolution and Systematics Faculty of Biology Philipps Universit?t Marburg Universidade National Timor-Lorosa’e Faculdade de Ciencias da Educa?ao Departamentu da Biologia Avenida Cidade de Lisboa Liceu Dr. Francisco Machado Dili Timor-Leste department of Vertebrate Zoology National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution

We report the results of five herpetological surveys during 2011-2013 that included visits to all districts of Timor-Leste （Aileu, Ainaro, Baucau, Bobonaro, Dili, Covalima, Ermera, Laut6m, Liquiga, Manatuto, Manufahi, Viqueque） except the Oecusse exclave. Our fieldwork culminated in the discovery of one putative new frog species （genus Kaloula）, at least five putative new lizard species （genera Cyrtodactylus, Cryptoblepharus, and Sphenomorphus）, and two putative new snake species （genera Stegonotus and Indotyphlops）. In addition, we present new distribution records of amphibians and reptiles for 11 of the country＇s 12 contiguous districts, along with additional natural history data. Results from our surveys increase the number of amphibian and reptiles known to occur in Timor-Leste from 22 species before our surveys began to over 60, including over 20 as yet undescribed species.

关键词： Timor-Leste Kaloula Cyrtodactylus Eremiascincus Stegonotus

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First Update to Herpetofaunal Records from Timor-Leste

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Asian Herpetological Research 2012年第2期3卷 114-126页

作者： Mark O'SHEA Caitlin SANCHEZ Scott HEACOX Andrew KATHRINER Venancio LOPES carvalho Agivedo VARELA RIBEIRO Zito AFRANIO SOARES Luis LEMOS de ARAUJO Hinrich KAISER West Midland Safari Park Bewdley Worcestershire DY12 1LF United Kingdom and Australian Venom Research Unit Department of Pharmacology University of MelbourneVictoria 3010 Australia department of Biology Victor Valley College 18422 Bear Valley Road VictorvilleCalifornia 92395 USA department of Ecology and Evolution Stony Brook University Stony Brook New York 11794 USA Present Address: department of Biology Villanova University 800 Lancaster Avenue VillanovaPennsylvania 19085 USA Universidade National Timor-Lorosa’e Faculdade de Ciencias da Educa ao Departamentu da Biologia Avenida Cidade de Lisboa Liceu Dr. Francisco MachadoDili Timor-Leste

Herpetological surveys of locations in six districts of Timor-Leste(Dili, Baucau, Ermera, Liqui a, Manatuto, Viqueque) during 2010 led to the discovery of a new, high-altitude species of Cryptoblepharus from Ermera District, a new country record(Hemidactylus cf. tenkatei), and the recording of two previously unvouchered species(Python r. reticulatus and Liasis m. mackloti). In this article, we summarize these new records and present numerous new district records for Timor-Leste and four records for road-killed snakes seen in West Timor(Indonesia). With the addition of the results from our 2009 survey, the update presented herein increases the confirmed number of amphibian and reptile species for Timor-Leste to 47.

关键词： herpetofauna biodiversity Timor-Leste West Timor Wallacea Cryptoblepharus Hemidactylus cf.tenkatei

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Analysis of the stomatognathic system after anterior cruciate ligamentplasty

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2012年第2期2卷 88-94页

作者： Bruno Ferreira Gabriel Pádua da Silva Edson Donizetti Verri Marisa Semprini Selma Siéssere Emanuela Martins Nepomuceno victor Rodrigues Nepomuceno Camila Melo de carvalho Simone Cecilio Hallak Regalo departamento de Morfologia Estomatologia e FisiologiaFaculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirao Preto(FORP-USP)Ribeirao PretoBrazil departamento de Fisioterapia Centro Universitário UNIFAFIBEBebedouroBrazil departamento de Fisioterapia Centro Universitário Claretiano de BatataisBatataisBrazil departamento de Fisioterapia Centro Universitário Luterano de PalmasPalmasBrazil

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of postural imbalances, which can interfere with the mandible position and affect the actions of the stomatognathic system. Materials and Methods: Forty men, aged between 23 to 29 years, were selected and divided into two groups: Group I comprised 20 healthy individuals with no clinical postural change diagnosis;Group II, 20 individuals who had ACL surgical, unilateral with patellar tendon graft, paired individual to individual (age and weight). All of them were submitted to an electromyography in different clinical conditions. In addition, a condylar biomechanical assessment was performed through videogrametry. Results: In electromyography and videogrametry, a normal standard biomechanical was observed for both groups, however, Group GII—Ligamentplasty presented an inhibition of the masticatory muscles and decreased joint kinesthetic. Conclusion: Based on the results obtained, it was concluded that after the reconstruction of the ACL, individuals presented changes in the stomatog-nathic system.

关键词： Electromyography Stomatognathic System Anterior Cruciate Ligament

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Human Centered design of the Interfaces of a Radiation Monitoring System

Human Centered Design of the Interfaces of a Radiation Monit...

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第十七届国际工效学大会暨中国人类工效学会成立20周年庆祝大会

作者： Isaac J.A.Luquetti dos Santos Marcos S.Farias Paulo victor R.carvalho Cláudio H.S.Grecco Maurício A.Aghina National Nuclear Energy Commission Nuclear Engineering Institute

Inadequate human-system integration reduces the safety,increases the overall complexity of the system,the time needed to perform tasks,the probability of human errors occurrence and complicates training and maintenance of the *** is imperative to understand and to incorporate the requirements related to the operators,their needs and ability,the current work practices of the operators,the requirements of workplace environment and the organizational aspects of the job into the life cycle of the *** aim is to guarantee the involvement of the users in all phases of the system development,to improve the operational reliability,to design reliable and robust system,so that the task demands can be compatible with human capabilities and *** monitoring systems are critical systems that operate twenty-four hours a day,monitoring the radiation condition in work environments inside a nuclear *** data signals from radiation detectors installed at work site are transmitted to a central control room where radiation levels and alarm activated are operated and monitored on *** this paper is proposed a methodological framework,applied to the design of the human-system interfaces,that includes the analysis of the reference systems,the functional requirements analysis,the functions allocation,the task analysis,the job analysis,the analysis of the work context and the analysis of the users *** case study is based on the development of the interfaces of the radiation monitoring supervisory system to be installed in a research nuclear reactor.

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