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Trends in gastrointestinal disease hospitalizations and outcomes during the first year of the coronavirus pandemic

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第4期29卷 744-757页

作者： Ayooluwatomiwa Deborah Adekunle Muni Rubens mary Sedarous Tahniyat Tariq Philip N Okafor Division of Internal Medicine St.Luke's HospitalChesterfieldMI 63017United States Office of Clinical Research Miami Cancer InstituteMiamiFL 33176United States Division of Internal Medicine McMaster UniversityHamilton ON L8S 4L8OntarioCanada Division of Gastroenterology Stanford University School of MedicineRedwood CityCA 94063United States Division of Gastroenterology Stanford University College of MedicineRedwood CityCA 94063United States

BACKGROUND The impact of the coronavirus on hospitalizations for gastrointestinal(GI)disease,particularly at a population level is *** To investigate trends in hospitalizations,inpatient endoscopy resource utilization,and outcomes during the first year of the coronavirus pandemic and subsequent *** Using the California State Inpatient Database for 2018-2020,we explored year-toyear and 2020 month-to-month trends in hospitalizations,length of stay,and inpatient mortality(all-cause&viral pneumonia-specific)for common inpatient GI diagnoses including acute pancreatitis,diverticulitis,cholelithiasis,noninfectious gastroenteritis,upper and lower GI bleeding(LGIB),Clostridium difficile,viral gastroenteritis,inflammatory bowel disease,and acute *** Disease-specific hospitalizations decreased for all included conditions except nonvariceal upper GI bleeding(NVUGIB),LGIB,and ulcerative colitis(UC)(ptrend<0.0001).Allcause inpatient mortality was higher in 2020 vs 2019,for acute pancreatitis(P=0.029),diverticulitis(P=0.04),NVUGIB(P=0.003),and Crohn’s disease(P=0.004).In 2020,hospitalization rates were lowest in April,November,and *** was no significant corresponding increase in inpatient mortality except in UC(ptrend=0.048).Viral pneumonia and viral pneumonia complicated by respiratory failure increased(P<0.001)among GI *** utilization within 24 h of admission was unchanged for GI emergencies except NVUGIB(P<0.001).CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that hospitalization rates for common GI conditions significantly declined in California during the COVID pandemic,particularly in April,November and December *** mortality was significantly higher among acute pancreatitis,diverticulitis,NVUGIB,and Crohn’s disease *** endoscopy rates were mostly comparable between 2020 and 2019.

关键词： COVID-19 Shelter-in-place Procedure utilization Outcomes Hospitalizations Gastrointestinal diseases

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Business communication : process and product / mary Ellen Guffey. 4th ed.

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2003年

作者： mary Ellen Guffey.

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Rectal cancer: An evidence-based update for primary care providers

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第25期21卷 7659-7671页

作者： Wolfgang B Gaertner mary R Kwaan Robert D Madoff Genevieve B Melton Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery Department of Surgery University of Minnesota

Rectal adenocarcinoma is an important cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and key anatomic differences between the rectum and the colon have significant implications for management of rectal cancer. Many advances have been made in the diagnosis and management of rectal cancer. These include clinical staging with imaging studies such as endorectal ultrasound and pelvic magnetic resonance imaging, operative approaches such as transanal endoscopic microsurgery and laparoscopic and robotic assisted proctectomy, as well as refined neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapies. For stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ rectal cancers, combined chemoradiotherapy offers the lowest rates of local and distant relapse, and is delivered neoadjuvantly to improve tolerability and optimize surgical outcomes, particularly when sphincter-sparing surgery is an endpoint. The goal in rectal cancer treatment is to optimize diseasefree and overall survival while minimizing the risk of local recurrence and toxicity from both radiation and systemic therapy. Optimal patient outcomes depend on multidisciplinary involvement for tailored therapy. The successful management of rectal cancer requires a multidisciplinary approach, with the involvement of enterostomal nurses, gastroenterologists, medical and radiation oncologists, radiologists, pathologists and surgeons. The identification of patients who are candidates for combined modality treatment is particularly useful to optimize outcomes. This article provides an overview of the diagnosis, staging and multimodal therapy of patients with rectal cancer for primary care providers.

关键词： Rectal cancer Diagnosis Treatment Review Primary care

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Pharmacology : reviews & rationales /

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丛书名： Prentice Hall nursing reviews & rationales series

2005年

作者： Hogan mary Ann.

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Macrophage depletion and Schwann cell transplantation reduce cyst size after rat contusive spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第4期13卷 684-691页

作者： Yee-Shuan Lee Lucy H.Funk Jae K.Lee mary Bartlett Bunge The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Department of Neurological Surgery University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Department of Cell Biology University of Miami Miller School of Medicine

Schwann cell transplantation is a promising therapy for the treatment of spinal cord injury（SCI） and is currently in clinical *** our continuing efforts to improve Schwann cell transplantation strategies,we sought to determine the combined effects of Schwann cell transplantation with macrophage *** macrophages are major inflammatory contributors to the acute spinal cord injury,and are the major phagocytic cells,we hypothesized that transplanting Schwann cells after macrophage depletion will improve cell survival and integration with host tissue after *** test this hypothesis,rat models of contusive SCI at thoracic level 8 were randomly subjected to macrophage depletion or *** rat subjected to macrophage depletion,liposomes filled with clodronate were intraperitoneally injected at 1,3,6,11,and 18 days post *** not subjected to macrophage depletion were intraperitoneally injected with liposomes filled with phosphate buffered *** cells were transplanted 1 week post injury in all *** dextran amine（BDA） was injected at thoracic level 5 to evalute axon *** Basso,Beattie,and Bresnahan locomotor test,Gridwalk test,and sensory test using von Frey filaments were performed to assess functional *** was used to detect glial fibrillary acidic protein,neurofilament,and green fluorescent protein（GFP）,and also to visulize BDA-labelled *** GFP labeled Schwann cell and cyst and lesion volumes were quantified using stained *** numbers of BDA-positive axons were also *** 8 weeks after Schwann cell transplantation,there was a significant reduction in cyst and lesion volumes in the combined treatment group compared to Schwann cell transplantation *** changes were not associated,however,with improved Schwann cell survival,axon growth,or locomotor *** combining Schwann cell transplantation with macrophage depletion does improve histopathology of the in

关键词： Schwann cell Iiposome clodrosome clodronate axon regeneration Schwann cell survival neuroprotection glial scar cyst cell transplantation

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GC–MS analysis of bioactive compounds present in different extracts of an endemic plant Broussonetia luzonica (Blanco) (Moraceae) leaves

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第11期6卷 957-961页

作者： Franelyne Pataueg Casuga Agnes Llamasares Castillo mary Jho-Anne Tolentino Corpuz The Graduate School University of Santo Tomas Faculty of Pharmacy University of Santo Tomas Research Center for Natural and Applied Sciences University of Santo Tomas

Objective: To investigate and characterize the chemical composition of the different crude extracts from the leaves of Broussonetia luzonica(Blanco)(Moraceae)(B. luzonica), an endemic plant in the ***: The air dried leaves were powdered and subjected to selective sequential extraction using solvents of increasing polarity through percolation, namely, n-hexane,ethyl acetate and methanol to obtain three different extracts. Then, each of the extracts was further subjected to gas chromatography–mass ***: Qualitative determination of the different biologically active compounds from crude extracts of B. luzonica using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry revealed different types of high and low molecular weight chemical entities with varying quantities present in each of the extracts. These chemical compounds are considered biologically and pharmacologically important. Furthermore, the three different extracts possess unique physicochemical characteristics which may be attributed to the compounds naturally present in significant quantities in the leaves of B. ***: The three extracts possess major bioactive compounds that were identified and characterized spectroscopically. Thus, identification of different biologically active compounds in the extracts of B. luzonica leaves warrants further biological and pharmacological studies.

关键词： Broussonetia luzonica(Blanco) Selective sequential extraction GC–MS analysis Endemic Percolation

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Household Environmental Factors and Childhood Morbidity in South-Western Nigeria

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Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 2018年第3期11卷 411-425页

作者： Peter Ekundayo Mesagan Ogechukwu mary Adeniji.Ilori Department of Economics University of Lagos Yaba Nigeria Department of Demography and Social Statistics Obafemi Awolowo University lle-IfeNigeria

This study investigates household environmental factors and childhood morbidity in South-western Nigeria. To determine patterns of household environ- mental characteristics in south-western Nigeria, both primary and secondary data were employed in the study. The primary data were obtained through in-depth interviews （IDIs） with women of childbearing age who have at least a child within the last 5 years in two randomly selected states, Oyo and Osun states, in south-west Nigeria, while the secondary data were extracted from the 2013 Nigeria Demo- graphic Health Surveys （NDHS） designed to elicit information from 33,385 women of ages between 15 and 49 years in randomly selected households across all the states in Nigeria and the Federal Capital, Abuja. Three remarkable contributions were obtained：（i） the prevalence of childhood disease is high among homes with poor household environmental facilities; （ii） incidence of childhood diseases is greatly influenced by poor toilet facilities, biomass source of cooking fuel and unhealthy type of roofing material; （iii） age of mothers, mothers＇ educational status, wealth index and access to health facility were found to have a significant rela- tionship with childhood diseases. Therefore, it is confirmed that poor household environmental condition and low socio-economic status impede child health in South-western Nigeria.

关键词： Environmental factors Household Child morbidity Childhealth Nigeria

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Conservation and Adaptive Management of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS)

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2011年第1期2卷 22-28页

作者： Parviz KOOHAFKAN mary Jane dela CRUZ 联合国粮食及农业组织

Worldwide specific agricultural systems and landscapes have been created, shaped and maintained by generations of farmers and herders based on diverse natural resources using locally adapted management practices. Building on local knowledge and experience these ingenious agricultural systems reflect the evolution of humankind, the diversity of its knowledge and its profound relationship with nature. These systems have resulted not only in outstanding landscapes maintenance and adaptation of globally significant agricultural biodiversity indigenous knowledge systems and resilient ecosystems, but above all, in the sustained provision of multiple goods and services, food and livelihood security and quality of life. However, many of these systems are facing severe threats from various sources including globalization. In 2002 FAO initiated an international partnership initiative：＂conservation and adaptive management of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems （GIAHS）＂. The global GIAHS initiative aims to establish the basis for the international recognition, dynamic conservation and sustainable management of such systems, agricultural biodiversity and their associated biodiversity knowledge systems, food and livelihood security, landscapes and cultures.

关键词： Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) dynamic conservation agricultural biodiversity indigenous knowledge FAO/UN

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Neurotherapy for chronic headache following traumatic brain injury

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Journal of Medical Colleges of PLA(China) 2015年第2期30卷 91-95页

作者： David V.Nelson mary Lee Esty Department of Psychology and Philosophy Box 2447Sam Houston State University Brain Wellness and Biofeedback Center of Washington

Background: Chronic headache following traumatic brain injury(TBI) sustained in military service, while common, is highly challenging to treat with existing pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic interventions, and it may be complicated by co-morbid posttraumatic stress. Recently, a novel form of brainwave-based intervention known as the Flexyx Neurotherapy System(FNS), which involves minute pulses of electromagnetic energy stimulation of brainwave activity, has been suggested as a means to address symptoms of TBI. This study reports on a clinical series of patients with chronic headache following service-connected TBI treated with ***: Nine veterans of the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq with moderate to severe chronic headaches following service-connected TBI complicated by posttraumatic stress symptoms were treated in 20 individual FNS sessions at the Brain Wellness and Biofeedback Center of Washington(in Bethesda, maryland, USA). They periodically completed measures including the Brief Pain Inventory-Headache(BPI-HA), previous week worst and average pain ratings, the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-Military version(PCL-M), and an individual treatment session numerical rating scale(NRS) for the degree of cognitive dysfunction. Data analyses included beginning-to-end of treatment t-test comparisons for the BPI-HA, PCL-M, and cognitive dysfunction NRS. Results: All beginning-to-end of treatment t-test comparisons for the BPI-HA, PCL-M, and cognitive dysfunction NRS indicated statistically significant decreases. All but one participant experienced a reduction in headaches along with reductions in posttraumatic stress and perceived cognitive dysfunction, with a subset experiencing the virtual elimination of headaches. One participant obtained modest headache relief but no improvements in posttraumatic stress or cognitive dysfunction. Conclusions: FNS may be a potentially efficacious treatment for chronic posttraumatic headache sustained in military service.

关键词： Chronic headache Posttraumatic headache Traumatic brain injury Neurotherapy Electroencephalograph(EEG) biofeedback Neurofeedback

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Essentials of Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing 4th ed.

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2008年

作者： mary C. TOWNSEND DSN APRN BC

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN: (纸本)9780803616110

Includes bibliographical references and index.

关键词： Mental Disorders

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