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Increasing the number of discrete character states for continuous characters generates well-resolved trees that do not reflect phylogeny

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Integrative Zoology 2014年第4期9卷 531-541页

作者： Jérémie BARDIN Isabelle ROUGET Margaret mary YACOBUCCI Fabrizio CECCA Sorbonne University Pierre-and-Marie-Curie University(UPMC-P6)ParisFrance National Museum of Natural History(MNHN) ParisFrance The National Center for Scientific Research(CNRS) ParisFrance Department of Geology Bowling Green State UniversityBowling GreenOhioUSA

Since the introduction of the cladistic method in systematics,continuous characters have been integrated into analyses but no methods for their treatment have received unanimous *** methods require a large number of character states to discretise continuous characters in order to keep the maximum level of information about taxa differences within the coding *** objective was to assess the impact of increasing the character state number on the outcomes of phylogenetic *** of a variety of simulated datasets shows that these methods for coding continuous characters can lead to the generation of well-resolved trees that do not reflect a phylogenetic *** call this phenomenon the flattening of the tree-length distribution;it is influenced by both the relative quantity of continuous characters in relation to discrete characters,and the number of characters in relation to the number of *** tests provide a method to avoid this potential bias.

关键词： cladistics continuous character gap weighting phylogeny

Removal of bentazone from micro-polluted water using MIEX resin:Kinetics,equilibrium,and mechanism

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第3期23卷 381-387页

作者： Zequn Liu Xiaomin Yan mary Drikas Danong Zhou DongshengWang Min Yang Jiuhui Qu State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 Australian Water Quality Center South Australia Water Corporation Victoria Square 250 Adelaide SA 5000 Australia No.9 Water Plant Beijing Waterworks Group Beijing 100192 China

The contamination of surface and ground water by bentazone has attracted increasing global concern in recent years. We conducted a detailed investigation using MIEX resin to eliminate bentazone from waters. Batch experiments were carried out to evaluate the effect of process parameters, such as retention time, resin amount, and initial pesticide concentration, on removal efficiency of bentazone. Results showed the sorption process was fast and bentazone could be efficiently removed in 30 minutes. The kinetic process of bentazone sorption on MIEX resin was well described by pseudo second-order model and intraparticle diffusion was the rate controlling step. The MIEX resin possessed the highest sorption capacity of 0.2656 mmol/mL for bentazone according to Langmuir fitting, Bentazone is a hydrophobic ionizable organic compound, and both ionic charge and hydrophobic aromatic structure governed the sorption characteristics on MIEX resin. The different removal efficiencies of ionic and non-ionic pesticides, combined with the charge balance equations of bentazone, SO4^2-, NO3- and Cl-, indicated that removal of bentazone using MIEX resin occurred primarily via ion exchange.

关键词： bentazone MIEX resin ion exchange micro-polluted water

Diagnostic utility of IgG and IgM immunohistochemistry in autoimmune liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第4期16卷 453-457页

作者： Roger Klein Moreira Frank Revetta Elizabeth Koehler mary Kay Washington Department of Pathology Columbia University College of Physicians & SurgeonsNew YorkNY 10038United States Department of Pathology Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTN 37232United States Department of Biostatistics Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTN 37232United States

AIM:To assess the role of IgM and IgG immunohistochemistry(IHC) in the evaluation of autoimmune liver conditions-autoimmune hepatitis(AIH),primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC),and primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC).METHODS:Forty one biopsies from untreated patients diagnosed with autoimmune liver disease(AIH,n = 20;PBC,n = 13;PSC,n = 8) and fourteen biopsies of patients with chronic hepatitis C were *** and IgG-positive plasma cells were counted in each ***:A predominance of IgG-positive plasma cells was seen in AIH(90% of cases),PSC(75% of cases),and chronic hepatitis C(100% of cases),while IgMpositive plasma cells predominated in PBC(92.8% ofcases).The IgM /IgG ratio(< 1 or ≥ 1) accurately distinguished PBC from AIH in 90.9% of cases(sensitivity = 92.3%,specificity = 90%),and PBC from either AIH or PSC in 87.8% of cases(sensitivity = 92.3%,specificity = 85.7%).CONCLUSION:Plasmacytic infiltrates expressing predominantly IgM are characteristic of PBC,while other forms of liver disease analyzed in this study,including AIH,typically show an IgG-predominant plasma cell *** data indicate that IgM and IgG IHC may be a useful tool when PBC is a diagnostic consideration.

关键词： Autoimmune hepatitis Primary sclerosing cholangitis Primary biliary cirrhosis Immunoglobulin Immunohistochemistry

Perspectives on “the biology of spinal cord regeneration success and failure”

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第8期13卷 1358-1359页

作者： Philippa mary Warren Amanda Phuong Tran Jerry Silver School of Biomedical Sciences University of Leeds Department of Neurosciences Case Western Reserve University

In our recently co-authored Physiological Reviews manuscript entitled ＂The biology of regeneration failure and success after spinal cord injury＂（Tran et al., 2018b）, we sought to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date de- scription of how the glial scar develops following spinal cord injury （SCI） to chronically inhibit axon regeneration.

关键词： the biology of spinal cord regeneration success and failure SCI

Post electrical or lightning injury syndrome: a proposal for an American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual formulation with implications for treatment

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第9期12卷 1405-1412页

作者： Christopher J.Andrews Andrew D.Reisner mary Ann Cooper Medicine The University of Queensland Lightning and Electrical Injuries Mt Ommaney Family Practice Forensic Diagnostic Center of District Nine Lightning Injury Research Program University of Illinois at Chicago African Centres for Lightning and Electromagnetics Network

In the past, victims of electrical and lightning injuries have been assessed in a manner lacking a system- atic formulation, and against ad hoc criteria, particularly in the area of neuropsychological disability. In this manner patients have, for example, only been partially treated, been poorly or incorrectly diagnosed, and have been denied the full benefit of compensation for their injuries. This paper contains a proposal for diagnostic criteria particularly for the neuropsychological aspects of the post injury syndrome. It pays attention to widely published consistent descriptions of the syndrome, and a new cluster analysis of post electrical injury patients. It formulates a proposal which could be incorporated into future editions of the American Psychiatric Association＇s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual （DSM）. The major neuropsycholog- ical consequences include neurocognitive dysfunction, and memory subgroup dysfunction, with ongoing consequences, and sometimes including progressive or delayed psychiatric, cognitive, and/or neurological symptoms. The proposed diagnostic criteria insist on a demonstrated context for the injury, both specifying the shock circumstance, and also physical consequences. It allows for a certain delay in onset of symptoms. It recognizes exclusory conditions. The outcome is a proposal for a DSM classification for the post electrical or lightning injury syndrome. This proposal is considered important for grounding patient treatment, and for further treatment trials. Options for treatment in electrical or lightning injury are summarised, and future trials are foreshadowed.

关键词： electrical injury lightning injury neuropsychology neuropsychiatry injury American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual

Omeprazole induces gastric transmucosal permeability to the peptide bradykinin

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第9期16卷 1097-1103页

作者： Melissa Gabello mary Carmen Valenzano E Peter Zurbach James M Mullin Lankenau Institute for Medical Research 100 Lancaster AvenueWynnewoodPA 19096United States Department of Biology Saint Joseph's University5600 City AvenuePhiladelphiaPA 19131United States Department of Chemistry Saint Joseph's University5600 City AvenuePhiladelphiaPA 19131United States Division of Gastroenterology Lankenau Hospital100 Lancaster AvenueWynnewoodPA 19096United States

AIM:To investigate omeprazole-induced transepithelial gastric leak and its effects on the permeability of the peptides bradykinin and ***:Rat gastric corpus tissue was isolated and mounted in an Ussing chamber apparatus to evaluate the permeability of 3H-bradykinin,3H-oxytocin,and 14CEDTA in the presence or absence of *** chromatography was performed to identify any metabolic breakdown products of the peptides resulting from permeation through the gastric tissue,and thereby calculate the true flux of the ***:The flux rate ofintact 3H-bradykinin increased substantially after omeprazole addition (109.5%) compared to the DMSO vehicle control (14%).No corresponding change in flux ofintact 3H-oxytocin was observed under the same conditions (11.9% and 6.4% in the DMSO-and omeprazole-treated conditions,respectively).After exposure to omeprazole,the flux rate of 14C-EDTA also increased dramatically (122.3%) compared to the DMSO condition (36.3%).CONCLUSION:The omeprazole-induced gastric leak allows for transmucosal permeability to charged molecules as well as *** induced leak will allow certain peptides to permeate.

关键词： Proton pump inhibitor Paracellular Drug delivery Tight junction Transepithelial

Maternal mental health and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic in Beijing, China

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2021年第3期17卷 280-289页

作者： Zhuang Wei Ming-Yue Gao mary Fewtrell Jonathan Wells Jin-Yue Yu Department of Child Healthcare Beijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children’s HealthBeijingChina Population Policy and Practice Research and Teaching DepartmentUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health30 Guilford StreetLondon WC1N 1EHUK

Background The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic on breastfeeding women and to identify predictors of maternal mental health and *** Mothers aged≥18 years with a breast-fed infant≤18 months of age during the COVID-19 pandemic in Beijing,China,completed a *** analysis of lockdown consequences was performed and predictors of these outcomes were examined using stepwise linear *** Of 2233 participants,29.9%,20.0%and 34.7%felt down,lonely,and worried,respectively,during the lockdown;however,85.3%felt able to *** maternal mental health was predicted by maternal(younger age,higher education)and infant(older age,lower gestation)characteristics,and social circumstances(husband unemployed or working from home,receiving advice from family,having enough space for the baby,living close to a park or green space).Conversely,better maternal mental health was predicted by higher income,employment requiring higher qualifications,more personal space at home,shopping or walking>once/week and lack of impact of COVID-19 on job or *** with higher education,more bedrooms,fair division of household chores and attending an online mother and baby group>once/week reported better *** The findings highlight maternal characteristics and circumstances that predict poorer mental health and reduced coping which could be used to target interventions in any future public health emergencies requiring social restrictions.

关键词： Coping Coronavirus disease 2019 Maternal health Mental health Postpartum

Neonates are more vulnerable to symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection than children:a matched cohort study in Brazil

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第6期18卷 437-442页

作者： Char Leung Luisamanda Selle Karina mary de Paiva Patricia Haas School of Clinical Medicine Addenbrooke’s HospitalUniversity of CambridgeHills RoadCambridgeCB20QQUK Department of Speech Language and Hearing SciencesFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisBrazil

As the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)is one of the seven coronaviruses pathogenic to human and one of the four human coronaviruses that cause acute respiratory disease *** it affects people of all age groups,the risk of mortality is *** in many other diseases,elderly patients have a higher risk of infection,mortality,and morbidity[1].While it is a common belief that children fare better than adult and elderly,recent evidence merged that neonates and infants are associated with a higher risk of mortality and morbidity,compared to children and adolescents[2,3].For instance,a cross-country study found that the infection–fatality ratio of those aged<5 years was found to be 0.003,higher than those aged between 5 and 14 years of 0.001 despite lower than those aged between 20 and 59 that vary between 0.006 and 0.323[4].However,whether this holds true in the risk of infection is not yet *** this background,the present work aimed to verify whether neonates are more susceptible to COVID-19 using publicly available data of all polymerase chain reaction(PCR)tests performed in the state of São Paulo of Brazil.

关键词： mortality infection acute

Orthogonal quantification of soluble inducible T-cell costimulator(ICOS)in healthy and diseased human serum

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2022年第2期12卷 317-323页

作者： Kevin McKinski Dean McNulty Francesca Zappacosta mary Birchler Matt Szapacs Christopher Evans Bioanalysis Immunogenicity&BiomarkersGlaxoSmithKlineCollegevillePA19426USA

Inducible T-cell costimulator(ICOS),a homodimeric protein expressed on the surface of activated T-cells,is being investigated as a potential therapeutic target to treat various *** studies have reported aberrant increases in the soluble form of ICOS(sICOS)in human serum in disease-state patients,primarily using commercial ELISA ***,results from our in-house immunoassay did not show these aberrant increases,leading us to speculate that commercial sICOS ELISAs may be prone to *** directly tested that hypothesis and found that one widely used commercial kit yields falsepositives and is prone to human anti-mouse antibody *** then analyzed a panel of healthy,cancer,chronic hepatitis C virus,systemic lupus erythematosus,and diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis human serum using our in-house immunoassay and reported the measured sICOS concentrations in these *** even well characterized immunoassay methods are prone to non-specific interference,we also developed a novel sICOS LC-MS/MS method to confirm the *** these orthogonal approaches,we show that sICOS is a low abundance soluble protein that cannot be measured above approximately 20 pg/mL in human serum.

关键词： ICOS Immunoassay LC-MS/MS Biomarker HAMA