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Evaluation of ruminal methane and ammonia formation and microbiota composition as affected by supplements based on mixtures of tannins and essential oils using Rusitec

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1607-1622页

作者： Giulia Foggi Melissa Terranova Matteo Daghio Sergej l.Amelchanka Giuseppe conte Simon Ineichen Monica Agnolucci carlo Viti Alberto Mantino Arianna Buccioni Michael Kreuzer Marcello Mele Department of Agriculture Food and Environment(DAFE)University of Pisa56124 PisaItaly AgroVet‑Strickhof ETH ZurichLindauSwitzerland Department of Agriculture FoodEnvironment and ForestryUniversity of FlorenceFlorence 50144Italy centro Di Ricerche Agro‑Ambientali“E.Avanzi” University of PisaPisa 56122Italy School of Agricultural Forest and Food Sciences HAFLBern University of Applied SciencesZollikofenSwitzerland Institute of Agricultural Sciences ETH ZurichLindauSwitzerland

Background Dietary supplements based on tannin extracts or essential oil compounds(EOc)have been repeatedly reported as a promising feeding strategy to reduce the environmental impact of ruminant husbandry.A previous batch culture screening of various supplements identified selected mixtures with an enhanced potential to mitigate ruminal methane and ammonia *** these,Q-2(named after quebracho extract and EOc blend 2,composed of carvacrol,thymol,and eugenol)and c-10(chestnut extract and EOc blend 10,consisting of oregano and thyme essential oils and limonene)have been investigated in detail in the present study with the semi-continuous rumen simulation technique(Rusitec)in three independent *** this purpose,Q-2 and c-10,dosed according to the previous study,were compared with a non-supplemented diet(negative control,Nc)and with one supplemented with the commercial EOc-based Agolin^(R) Ruminant(positive control,Pc).Results From d 5 to 10 of fermentation incubation liquid was collected and analysed for pH,ammonia,protozoa count,and gas *** residues were collected for the determination of ruminal *** d 10,samples of incubation liquid were also characterised for bacterial,archaeal and fungal communities by high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA and 26S ribosomal large subunit gene *** of the duration of the fermentation period,Q-2 and c-10 were similarly efficient as Pc in mitigating either ammonia(-37%by Q-2,-34%by Pc)or methane formation(-12%by c-10,-12%by Pc).The Pc was also responsible for lower feed degradability and bacterial and fungal richness,whereas Q-2 and c-10 effects,particularly on microbiome diversities,were limited compared to *** All additives showed the potential to mitigate methane or ammonia formation,or both,in vitro over a period of 10 ***,several differences occurred between Pc and Q-2/c-10,indicating different mechanisms of *** pronounced defaunation caused by Pc a

关键词： Additive Bacteria continuous culture Degradability Fermentation Fungi Greenhouse gas In vitro Microbiome Rumen

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A comprehensive survey on the methods of angle of attack measurement and estimation in UAVs

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chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2020年第3期33卷 749-770页

作者： l.SANKARAlINGAM c.RAMPRASADH School of mechanical engineering sastra deemed universitythanjavur 613401india

Angle of Attack(AOA) is a crucial parameter which directly affects the aerodynamic forces of an *** measurement of AOA is required to ensure a safe flight within its designed flight *** paper intends to summarise a comprehensive survey on the measurement techniques and estimation methods for AOA, specifically in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV) *** the case of UAVs, weight constraint plays a major role as far as sensor suites are *** results in selecting a suitable estimation method to extract AOA using the available data from the *** most feasible and widely employed AOA measurement technique is by using the Multi-Hole Probes(MHPs).The MHP measures the AOA regarding the pressure variations between the *** to the importance of MHP in AOA measurement, the calibration methods for the MHP are also included in this *** paper discusses the AOA measurement using virtual AOA sensors, their importance and the operation.

关键词： Angle of attack estimation Angle of attack measurement Angle of attack vane Five-hole probe Multi-hole probe Multi-hole probe calibration Nine-hole probe Seven-hole probe Virtual angle of attack sensor

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The association of physical activity duration and intensity on emotional intelligence in 10-13 year-old children

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2024年第4期6卷 331-337页

作者： Marie c.Gabour Tongjian You Richard Fleming Paul D.McNicholas Philimon N.Gona Department of Health Sciences Regis College235 Wellesley StreetWestonMA02493USA Department of Exercise and Health Sciences University of Massachusetts Boston100 Morrissey BlvdBostonMA02125USA Department of Mathematics&Statistics McMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada L8S 4L8

Previous studies have shown that Physical Activity(PA)has a positive association with emotional health and intelligence in adolescents but none have focused on the relationship of PA duration and intensity on Emotional Intelligence(EI).The purpose of this study was to cross-sectionally assess the association of PA measures on overall EI and its domains in a cohort of 2029 adolescents aged 10-13 years of age in the National longitudinal Survey for children and Youth(NlScY)from *** linear regression analysis of EI was adjusted for age,sex,annual household income,and health ***-way analysis of variance(ANOVA)was used to relate PA duration measured in minutes,frequency,and intensity categories with continuous GEI scores and also the corresponding scores for domains of *** mean GEI scores were(28.3±6.6)for 0-30 minute(min)PA duration,(30.0±6.5)for 30 tocally significant linear trend across PA duration categories,p?***-hoc pairwise comparison revealed that compared to the referent category(category)was statistically significantly lower GEI than each of the other two PA categories(30-59 min;and 60-120 min),both p-valuesld Health Organization(WHO)guidelines for duration and vigorous intensity were positively associated with the higher overall EI and its domains except for Stress Management.

关键词： Physical activity Duration Intensity Emotional Intelligence Adolescents

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A simple method to model the reduced environment of lake bottom sapropel formation

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chinese Journal of Oceanology and limnology 2017年第4期35卷 956-966页

作者： Olga l.GASKOVA vera D.STRAKHOVENKO Nadezhda I.ERMOlAEVA Eugene Yu.ZARUBINA Ekaterina A.OVDINA V.S.Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Novosibirsk State University Institute for Water and Environmental Problems Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

The Kambala and Barchin brackish lakes （Baraba steppe, southern West Siberia） contain an organic-rich sapropel layer that was formed in oxygen-depleted waters. We measured the bulk sediment elemental composition, the water chemistry and determined the mineralogical composition and predominant biota species （Diatoms and cyanobacteria in phytoplankton community respectively） in the lakes. The result indicates that the first lake has a siliceous type of sapropel and the second a carbonaceous one. A computer thermodynamic model was developed for chemical interaction in water-bottom sediment systems of the Kambala and Barchin lakes. The surface sodium bicarbonate waters are supersaturated with respect to calcite, magnesite （or low Mg-calcite）, quartz and chlorite with minor strontianite, apatite and goethite （pH 8.9-9.3, Eh 0.3 V）. Nevertheless, it is shown that during sapropel deposition, deep silt waters should be anoxic （Eh〈0 V）. The virtual component cH20 has been used to create an anoxic environment suitable for pyrite formation due to the biotic community impact and abiotic reduction. Thermodynamic calculation has shown that silt water is not necessarily euxinic （anoxic and sulfidic）. Depending on Eh, sulfate sulfur can dominate in solution, causing the formation of gypsum together with pyrite. An attempt was made to find a reason for solution supersaturation with respect to ca and Mg ions due to their complexation with humic acids.

关键词： brackish lakes sapropel sediments mineral composition silica calcite thermodynamic calculations

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应用自动化评估软件提高放射技师的乳腺断层摄影筛查能力

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国际医学放射学杂志 2024年第5期 622-623页

作者： G.Gennaro l.Povolo S.D.Genio l.ciampani c.Fasoli P.carlevaris 华蓓

目的应用自动化软件评估乳腺断层摄影筛查中摆位和压迫的正确性，提高乳腺放射技师的工作能力。方法采用前瞻性队列的回顾性纵向分析，要求6位具有不同经验

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预处理技术--家庭生物废弃物处理过程中的微塑料制造者

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Engineering 2024年第1期32卷 116-126页

作者： Tian Hu Fan lü Zhan Yang Zhenchao Shi Yicheng Yang Hua Zhang Pinjing He Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Shanghai Institute of Pollution control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China Jiaxing-Tongji Environmental Research Institute jiaxing 314000China

Mechanical pretreatment is an indispensable process in biological treatment plants that remove plastics and other impurities from household biogenic waste(HBW).However,the imperfect separation of plastics in these pretreatment methods has raised concerns that they pose a secondary formation risk for microplastics(MPs).To validate this presumption,herein,quantities and properties of plastic debris and MPs larger than 50 μm were examined in the full chain of three different pretreatment methods in six *** facilities received HBW with or without prior depackaging at the *** key points in the secondary formation of MPs were ***,flux estimates of MPs were released,and an analysis of MPs sources was provided to develop an overview of their fate in HBW *** output can contain a maximum of(1673±279) to(3198±263) MP particles per kilogram of wet weight(particles·kg^(-1)ww) for those undepackaged at source,and secondary MPs formation is primarily attributed to biomass crushers,biohydrolysis reactors,and rough ***,HBW depackaged at the source can greatly reduce MPs by 8%-72%,regardless of pretreatment *** pretreatment,4.6-205.6 million MP particles were present in 100 tonnes of *** are produced at a rate of 741.11-33124.22 billion MP particles annually in anaerobic digester feedstock(ADF).This study demonstrated that HBW pretreatment is a competitive source of MPs and emphasized the importance of implementing municipal solid waste segregation at the ***,depackaging biogenic waste at the source is recommended to substantially alleviate the negative effect of pretreatment on MPs formation.

关键词： Microplastics Plastic debris Household biogenic waste Depackage Pretreatment

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Use of incipient motion data for backward erosion piping models

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2019年第5期34卷 401-408页

作者： vera M.van Beek Bryant A.Robbins Gijs J.c.M.Hoffmans Adam Bezuijen leo c.van Rijn Deltares U.S.Army Engineer Research and Development center Ghent University leovanrijn-Sediment-consultancy

Backward erosion piping involves the gradual removal of granular material under the action of water flow from the foundation of a dam or levee, whereby shallow pipes are formed that grow in the direction opposite to the flow. This pipe-forming process can ultimately lead to failure of a water-retaining structure and is considered one of the most important failure mechanisms for dikes and levees in the Netherlands and the United States. Modeling of this mechanism requires the assessment of hydraulic conditions in the pipe, which are controlled by the particle equilibrium at the pipe wall. Since the pipe’s dimensions are controlled by the inflow to the pipe from the porous medium, the flow through the pipe is thought to be laminar for fine-to medium-grained sands. The literature provides data for incipient motion in laminar flow, which is reviewed here and complemented with data from backward erosion experiments. The experiments illustrate the applicability of the laminar incipient motion data to determine the erosion pipe dimensions and corresponding pipe hydraulics for fine-to medium-grained sands, for the purpose of backward erosion piping modeling.

关键词： Internal erosion Backward erosion piping cylindrical test Incipient motion Dikes levees

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Solid-liquid extraction for yttrium recovery using porous polymeric resin(XAD-7) functionalized with D_(2)EHPA

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第9期42卷 1764-1773,I0005页

作者： P.A.Martínez-Montoya R.G.Sanchez-Alvarado D.Y.Medina-Velazquez M.l.carrera-Jota P.Garnica-chávez A.de J.Morales-Ramirez Higher School of chemical Engineering and Extractive Industries ESIQIEIPNDepartment of Metallurgical EngineeringUPALM S/NCol.LindavistaGustavo A.Madero Cd.de MéxicoC.P07738Mexico Metropolitan Autonomous University Department of MaterialsBasic Sciences and EngineeringAv.San Pablo No.180Col.Reynosa TamaulipasCd.de MéxicoC.P02200Mexico center for Research and Technological Innovation CIITECIPNCda.de CECATIs/nSanta CatarinaAzcapotzalcoC.P02250CDMXMexico

The recovery of yttrium is proposed by applying a solid-liquid extraction process using di-2-ethyl hexylphosphoric acid(D2EHPA) as extracting *** extracting agents were supported on a macro porous polymeric resin XAD-7(solid phase).Yttrium ions extraction and discharge tests were performed,firstly from a synthetic aqueous solution of 100 mg/l Y(liquid phase) at 25℃ with *** effects of pH of aqueous solutions bearing yttrium,volume fraction of extracting agents and the solid/liquid(S/l)ratio on the yttrium recovery were *** most favorable conditions for yttrium ions extraction are;20 vol% D_(2)EHPA functionalized resin,pH=1.5 and an S/l ratio of 10 mg/ml The discharge of yttrium ions was done under the same conditions of extraction stage,using a 2 mol/l [H_(2)SO_(4)] as stripping *** to 80% yttrium is extracted,while 75% yttrium is recovered in the striping *** all experiments,the reaction equilibrium is reached after 20 min,and the kinetics for the extraction stage was determined as a second-order ***,experiments were carried out to discharge the yttriumloaded resins,and it has been determined that the best pH value to strip the Y ions is *** tests of extraction and discharge for yttrium ions show that the functionalized resin can work at least five cycles without decreasing its ***,the proposed process was tested in a real solution with Y ions fro m a waste fluorescent la mp powder leached in H_(2)SO_(4),demonstrating the ability to effectively recover yttrium,separating it from various metals from the studied residue.

关键词： Yttrium recovery Rare earth solid-liquid extraction XAD-7 resin Fluorescent lamps recycling Solid-liquid kinetics extraction

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Electrifying Ba_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)co_(0.8)Fe_(0.2)O_(3-δ) for focalized heating in oxygen transport membranes

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 99-110页

作者： Marwan laqdiem Julio García-Fayos laura Almar Alfonso J.carrillo Álvaro Represa JoséM.lópez Nieto Sonia Escolástico David catalán-Martinez Jose M.Serra Instituto de Tecnología Química(Universitat Politècnica de València–consejo Superior de Investigaciones científicas) Av.Los Naranjos s/nE-46022 ValenciaSpain

Industry decarbonization requires the development of highly efficient and flexible technologies relying on renewable energy resources,especially biomass and solar/wind *** the case of pure oxygen production,oxygen transport membranes(OTMs)appear as an alternative technology for the cryogenic distillation of air,the industrially-established process of producing ***,OTMs could provide oxygen from different sources(air,water,cO_(2),etc.),and they are more flexible in adapting to current processes,producing oxygen at 700^(-1)000℃.Furthermore,OTMs can be integrated into catalytic membrane reactors,providing new pathways for different *** first part of this study was focused on electrification on a traditional OTM material(Ba_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)co_(0.8)Fe_(0.2)O_(3-δ)),imposing different electric currents/voltages along a capillary *** to the emerging Joule effect,the membrane-surface temperature and the associated O_(2) permeation flux could be ***,the OTM is electrically and locally heated and reaches 900℃on the surface,whereas the surrounding of the membrane was maintained at 650℃.The O_(2)permeation flux reached for the electrified membranes was~3.7 Nml min^(-1)cm^(-2),corresponding to the flux obtained with an OTM non-electrified at 900℃.The influence of depositing a porous ce_(0.8)Tb_(0.2)O_(2-δ) catalytic/protective layer on the outer membrane surface revealed that lower surface temperatures(830℃)were detected at the same imposed electric ***,the electrification concept was demonstrated in a catalytic membrane reactor(cMR)where the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane(ODHE)was carried *** reaction is very sensitive to temperature,and here,we demonstrate an improvement of the ethylene yield by reaching moderate temperatures in the reaction chamber while the O_(2) injection into the reaction can be easily fine-tuned.

关键词： Oxygen permeation Oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane Oxygen transport membranes Joule effect Mixed ionic-electronic conductors catalytic membrane reactors

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再同步-除颤治疗心力衰竭患者可有效改善长期生存

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中国临床药理学杂志 2024年第8期40卷 1193-1193页

作者： SAPP J l SIVAKUMARAN S REDPATH c J 孟海峰

本研究为一项双盲、随机、对照的多中心临床试验。旨在确定植入式心律转复除颤器(IcD)中添加心脏再同步治疗(cRT)+最佳药物治疗与单独使用IcD+最佳药物治疗比较是否可以降低死亡率和心力衰竭入院治疗。然而,cRT对心衰患者长期生存的影... 详细信息

本研究为一项双盲、随机、对照的多中心临床试验。旨在确定植入式心律转复除颤器(IcD)中添加心脏再同步治疗(cRT)+最佳药物治疗与单独使用IcD+最佳药物治疗比较是否可以降低死亡率和心力衰竭入院治疗。然而,cRT对心衰患者长期生存的影响尚不清楚。

关键词：多中心临床试验长期生存植入式心律转复除颤器心力衰竭患者再同步心衰患者最佳药物 IcD

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