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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第35期28卷 5093-5110页

作者： Conchubhair Winters venkataraman subramanian Pietro Valdastri Leeds Institute of Medical Research University of LeedsSt.James’s University HospitalLeeds LS97TFUnited Kingdom School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUnited Kingdom

Robotic colonoscopes could potentially provide a comfortable, less painful andsafer alternative to standard colonoscopy. Recent exciting developments in thisfield are pushing the boundaries to what is possible in the future. This articleprovides a comprehensive review of the current work in robotic colonoscopesincluding self-propelled, steerable and disposable endoscopes that could bealternatives to standard colonoscopy. We discuss the advantages and disadvantagesof these systems currently in development and highlight the technicalreadiness of each system to help the reader understand where and when suchsystems may be available for routine clinical use and get an idea of where and inwhich situation they can best be deployed.

关键词： Robot-enhanced procedures Colonoscopy Endoscopy Capsule endoscopy Colorectal cancer Colonic polyp

Clinical relevance of endoscopic assessment of inflammation in ulcerative colitis: Can endoscopic evaluation predict outcomes?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第42期22卷 9324-9332页

作者： Noor Mohammed venkataraman subramanian Leeds Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences St James University Hospital University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JT United Kingdom Department of Gastroenterology Centre for Digestive Diseases St James University Hospital Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust Leeds LS9 7TF United Kingdom

Ulcerative colitis(UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel condition characterised by a relapsing and remitting course. Symptom control has been the traditional mainstay of medical treatment. It is well known that histological inflammatory activity persists despite adequate symptom control and absence of endoscopic inflammation. Current evidence suggests that presence of histological inflammation poses a greater risk of disease relapse and subsequent colorectal cancer risk. New endoscopic technologies hold promise for developing endoscopic markers of mucosal inflammation. Achieving endoscopic and histological remission appears be the future aim of medical treatments for UC. This review article aims to evaluate the use of endoscopy as a tool in assessment of mucosal inflammation UC and its correlation with disease outcomes.

关键词： Ulcerative 大肠炎发炎内视镜检查法疾病活动索引 Mucosal 愈合

Colonic lesion characterization in inflammatory bowel disease:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第10期24卷 1167-1180页

作者： Richard Lord Nicholas E Burr Noor Mohammed venkataraman subramanian Department of Gastroenterology Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustLeeds LS97TFUnited Kingdom University of Leeds Leeds Institute of Biomedical and Clinical SciencesLeeds LS97TFUnited Kingdom

AIM To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis for the diagnostic accuracy of in vivo lesion characterization in colonic inflammatory bowel disease(IBD), using optical imaging techniques, including virtual chromoendoscopy(VCE), dye-based chromoendoscopy(DBC), magnification endoscopy and confocal laser endomicroscopy(CLE). METHODS We searched Medline, Embase and the Cochrane library. We performed a bivariate meta-analysis to calculate the pooled estimate sensitivities, specificities, positive and negative likelihood ratios(+LHR,-LHR), diagnostic odds ratios(DOR), and area under the SROC curve(AUSROC) for each technology group. A subgroup analysis was performed to investigate differences in real-time nonmagnified Kudo pit patterns(with VCE and DBC) and real-time CLE.RESULTS We included 22 studies [1491 patients; 4674 polyps, of which 539(11.5%) were neoplastic]. Real-time CLE had a pooled sensitivity of 91%(95%CI: 66%-98%), specificity of 97%(95%CI: 94%-98%), and an AUSROC of 0.98(95%CI: 0.97-0.99). Magnification endoscopy had a pooled sensitivity of 90%(95%CI: 77%-96%)and specificity of 87%(95%CI: 81%-91%). VCE had a pooled sensitivity of 86%(95%CI: 62%-95%) and specificity of 87%(95%CI: 72%-95%). DBC had a pooled sensitivity of 67%(95%CI: 44%-84%) and specificity of 86%(95%CI: 72%-94%). CONCLUSION Real-time CLE is a highly accurate technology for differentiating neoplastic from non-neoplastic lesions in patients with colonic IBD. However, most CLE studies were performed by single expert users within tertiary centres, potentially confounding these results.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease dysplasia Lesion characterization Confocal laser endomicroscopy Narrow band imaging I-scan Fujinon intelligence chromoendoscopy

Does aspirin or non-aspirin non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use prevent colorectal cancer in inflammatory bowel disease?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第13期22卷 3679-3686页

作者： Nick E Burr Mark A Hull venkataraman subramanian Leeds Institute for Biomedical and Clinical Sciences St James' s University Hospital University of Leeds

AIM: To determine whether aspirin or non-aspirin nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NA-NSAIDs) prevent colorectal cancer(CRC) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).METHODS: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis. We searched for articles reporting the risk of CRC in patients with IBD related to aspirin or NANSAID use. Pooled odds ratios(OR) and 95%CIs were determined using a random-effects model. Publication bias was assessed using Funnel plots and Egger's test. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q and the I2 statistic.RESULTS: Eight studies involving 14917 patients and 3 studies involving 1282 patients provided data on the risk of CRC in patients with IBD taking NA-NSAIDs and aspirin respectively. The pooled OR of developing CRC after exposure to NA-NSAIDs in patients with IBD was 0.80(95%CI: 0.39-1.21) and after exposure to aspirin it was 0.66(95%CI: 0.06-1.39). There was significant heterogeneity(I2 > 50%) between the studies. There was no change in the effect estimates on subgroup a na ly s e s o f t he po pulat io n s t udie d o r w he t he r adjustment or matching was performed.CONCLUSION: There is a lack of high quality evidence on this important clinical topic. From the available evidence NA-NSAID or aspirin use does not appear to be chemopreventative for CRC in patients with IBD.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Aspirin Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory Colorectal cancer Chemoprevention

Effect of Varied Irrigation Scheduling with Levels and Times of Nitrogen Application on Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Aerobic Rice

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2018年第11期9卷 2287-2296页

作者： Murugesan Mohana Keerthi Rajagopalan Babu Nagalingam Somasundaram venkataraman Elangovan subramanian Karunanandham Kumutha Department of Agronomy Agricultural College and Research Institute Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Madurai India Department of Farm Management Agricultural College and Research Institute Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Madurai India Department of Agricultural Microbiology Agricultural College and Research Institute Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Madurai India

More rice needs to be produced with lesser water to feed the increasing human population. Judicious water management practices and appropriate water saving technologies in rice cultivation are in need in the coming decades. Aerobic rice is one of water saving method of rice cultivation. The field experiment was conducted during Summer season of February 2018 to May 2018 at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai, to find out the effect of irrigation schedules with varied doses and time of nitrogen application on yield of aerobic rice. Irrigation scheduling of IW/CPE (Irrigation Water/Cumulative Pan Evaporation) 1.0 up to panicle initiation stage and thereafter IW/CPE 1.2 up to dough stage recorded higher yield attributes viz., number of panicles hill-1 (9.1), number of filled grains panicle-1 (87.9), test weight (15.3 g), grain yield (4462 kg·ha-1), straw yield (5977 kg·ha-1). However, the highest water use efficiency (6.8 kg·ha-1·mm-1) was recorded in the treatment of IW/CPE 1.0 throughout the crop growth period. Lower yield attributes, yield and water use efficiency were recorded with irrigation scheduling of IW/CPE 0.8 throughout the growth stage. Application of nitrogen at 150 kg·ha-1 in 5 equal splits at 20, 35, 50, 65 and 80 DAS (Days after sowing) recorded higher yield attributes viz., number of panicles hill-1 (9.3), number of filled grains panicle-1 (90.5), test weight (15.4 g), grain yield (4746 kg·ha-1), straw yield (6258 kg·ha-1) and WUE (7.5 kg·ha-1·mm-1). Application of nitrogen 100 kg·ha-1 in 4 equal splits at 20, 40, 60 and 80 DAS recorded lower yield attributes, yield and water use efficiency. The interaction effect between irrigation scheduling and nitrogen management on yield was significant. The combination of IW/CPE 1.0 up to panicle initiation stage and thereafter IW/CPE 1.2 up to dough stage along with application of nitrogen at 150 kg·ha-1 in 5 equal splits at 20, 35, 50, 65 and 80 DAS significantly produced higher number of panicles hill-1

关键词： Aerobic Rice Irrigation IW/CPE Nitrogen Yield Water Use Efficiency

一种用于灵活配电系统故障程度预测的分散解决方案

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农村电气化 2018年第8期 30-34页

作者： Hengxu Ha S.subramanian K.venkataraman Chen Junyu 王翀(译) GE电网方案策划部英国有限公司英国斯塔福德 GE电网方案策划部香港分部中国香港国网安徽电力运维检修部

随着各种分布式发电设备并入电网,传统的配电网已经发展为灵活配电网。分散发电设备的并入所带来的重大挑战之一是故障电流可能超过相关断路器的允许容量。介绍一种分散解决方案,可以依附于配电馈线继电保护装置,仅利用就地测量的电压... 详细信息

随着各种分布式发电设备并入电网,传统的配电网已经发展为灵活配电网。分散发电设备的并入所带来的重大挑战之一是故障电流可能超过相关断路器的允许容量。介绍一种分散解决方案,可以依附于配电馈线继电保护装置,仅利用就地测量的电压和电流即可在线计算出预计故障程度。首先,通过所测的电流和电压变化计算等量电阻以及等量源电压,然后,可以通过计算出的电阻和背侧源电压得出预计故障程度。试验结果证明了该方案的有效性。

关键词：灵活配电网分布式发电设备故障程度预测 Thevinin回路