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Evaluating spatial and elevation-wise daytime/nighttime LST trends across the Indus River Basin

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第11期20卷 3154-3172页

作者： Suraj MAL Kavya AGRAWAL Seema RANI Pyarimohan MAHARANA Viswanathan Anantha venkat raman Center for the Study of Regional Development Jawaharlal Nehru UniversityNew Delhi 110067India. Department of Geography Shaheed Bhagat Singh CollegeUniversity of DelhiNew Delhi 110017India Seth Phool Chand Bagla(P.G.)College Hathras(Dr Bhimrao Ambedkar University) Uttar Pradesh 204101India4 Department of GeographyInstitute of ScienceBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasiUttar Pradesh 221005India Department of Environmental Studies Delhi College of Arts and CommerceUniversity of DelhiNetaji NagarNew Delhi110023India

Land surface temperature(LST)is a crucial parameter for understanding the Earth's surface energy balance,which provides insights into climate dynamics and local environmental conditions.Thus,the present study aims to evaluate the spatial and elevation-wise trends in the daytime,nighttime,and mean LST across the Indus River Basin(IRB)using MODIS 8-day product for the period between 2002 and 2022.The elevation,cloud cover,and land cover type data are used for explaining the emerging LST trends.The Theil slope estimator and MannKendall significance test were used for estimating the seasonal and annual LST trends.The findings show warming in mean daytime(0.020-0.024℃/yr)(except winter and post-monsoon),nighttime(0.013-0.049℃/yr),and mean(0.001-0.042℃/yr)LST in all the seasons(highest in monsoon).The annual mean nighttime LST(0.025℃/yr)is rising significantly faster than the mean daytime LST(0.0016℃/yr),showing the presence of a“nighttime warming effect”,which possibly increases human discomfort,particularly during the warm pre-monsoon and humid monsoon season.Elevation-dependent warming(EDW)is predominant in mean daytime LST in two elevation zones,namely(i)0-3 km and(ii)above 4 km,in all seasons,except in post-monsoon.In contrast,EDW in mean nighttime LST is observed up to 3 km and above 6 km in the basin in all the seasons,excluding post-monsoon.The warming trend in LST may be attributed to rising atmospheric moisture,cloud cover,declining snow cover,and changes in land cover to non-vegetated land.However,further investigations will involve exploring the underlying factors contributing to the observed anomalies in nighttime LST,considering variables such as regional energy balance and atmospheric stability.This research contributes to an understanding of the thermal dynamics in the mountain basin,aiding in climate studies,land management,and the development of effective adaptation strategies in the IRB.

关键词： Land surface temperature Elevation dependent warming Indus river basin South Asia

Comparison of outcomes between 2 week versus 4 week stenting in pediatric pyeloplastyd——A single centre observational study

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Asian Journal of Urology 2020年第4期7卷 327-331页

作者： Santosh Dey venkat Shankar raman Tarun Peela Karunesh Chand Naveen Chandra Department of Pediatric Surgery Army HospitalPuneIndia

Objective:To compare the surgical outcomes,improvement in renal function and complications between early stent removal(2 weeks)and late stent removal(4 weeks)after pediatric open pyeloplasty.Methods:A total of 72 open pyeloplasty were included in the study.Forty-three underwent late stent removal(Group 1)and 29 underwent early stent removal(Group 2).Pre-operative and post-operative follow-up data were compared to see the effect of early stent removal on the postoperative drainage pattern at 6 months after surgery and improvement in split function of affected kidney.The complications between the two groups were also compared.Results:Both the groups were matched with respect to age,sex,side and antero-posterior diameter of pelvis.Pre-operative mean split function in Group 1 was 42%(26%e54%)while it was 39%(19%e42%)in Group 2(pZ0.37).Postoperative improvement in drainage pattern was seen in 69 out of 72(96%)patients,41 out of 43(95%)in Group 1 and 28 out of 29(97%)in Group 2.Improvement in split function occurred in 35 of 38(97%)in Group 1 and 23 of 26(88%)patients in Group 2(pZ0.51).Complications were seen in nine out of 72(12.5%)patients.Incidence of complication in Group 1 was 16%(7/43)and Group 2 was 7%(2/29),and relative risk was 2.36.Conclusion:A shorter duration of double J stenting is as effective as a longer stenting period in terms of surgical success outcomes and improvement in split renal function along with a decreased risk of stent related complications.

关键词： Pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty Double J stenting Outcomes

Socialist Market Economy and the Challenge of ＇Social Management＇ in China

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Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 2014年第1期7卷 119-123页

作者： G. venkat raman Humanities and Liberal Arts in Management Indian Institute of Management KozhikodeKozhikode 673570 Kerala India

A set of SCAR markers in cluster bean (<i>Cyamopsis tetragonoloba</i>L. Taub) genotypes

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2014年第2期5卷 131-141页

作者： Pratibha Sharma Vinod Kumar K. venkat raman Kapil Tiwari Department of Bioscience & Biotechnology Banasthali University Rajasthan India National Research Center on Plant Biotechnology IARI New Delhi India

Cluster bean, one of the most important cash legume crop has played an increasingly important role in wide range of industries. Owing to the significance of molecular marker studies in numerous applications including in genetic improvement of crops, there is an obvious need to undertake such studies in cluster bean. In the present work, 35 genotypes of cluster bean were collected from different states of India and analyzed using RAPD and ISSR markers. Further SCAR marker system was introduced in order to increase the reproducibility of the polymorphism and specificity. For this polymorphic (RP-3, 1000 bp;RP-19, 1250 bp and 1100 bp) and geographical specific bands (RP-9, 650 bp) from RAPD as well as genotype specific band (IS-8, 550 bp) from genotype RGC-1031 (Rajasthan) from ISSR were selected and converted into SCAR markers. The study revealed first set of sequence-based SCAR markers in cluster bean which found more specific information using RAPD and ISSR profiles. One genotype specific SCAR-20 for RGC-1031 (tolerant genotype against Macrophomina phaseolina), could be used to prove identity of the genotype for improvement as well for its genetic purity assessment. Another SCAR-8 was selected due to its specificity for cluster bean genotypes from Rajasthan which might be important for population admixture studies.

关键词： Cluster Bean ISSR RAPD SCAR

Tuning Optical Properties of Graphene Oxide under Compressive Strain Using Wet Ball Milling Method

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Graphene 2016年第2期5卷 73-80页

作者： M. venkat Narayana S. Narayana Jammalamadaka Magnetic Materials and Device Physics Laboratory Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Hyderabad-502285 India

We report on the effect of compressive stress on the optical properties of graphene oxide using a wet ball milling technique. For this purpose, graphene oxide was prepared using the modified Hummer’s method and subsequently processed with wet ball milling. X-ray diffraction infers a peak at 9.655° which is the allowed reflection for the graphene oxide. The Williamson-Hall method is used to quantify the strain on the 10 hrs and 20 hrs ball milled graphene oxide samples and is found to be 4.2% and 4.8% respectively. Although we applied strain on the graphene oxide, it actually helped to reduce the defects which are confirmed by the intensity drop-off of D-peak in raman spectroscopy. Indeed there exists a band gap alteration of 0.14 eV for an applied compressive strain of ~4.8%, hinting that the reduction in oxygen functional groups and the same is confirmed with the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The present results would be helpful in developing graphene oxide based flexible memories and optoelectronic devices.

关键词： Graphene Oxide Band Gap Oxygen Functional Groups Optical Properties