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The multi-impurity system in CdSe nanoplatelets:electronic structure and thermodynamic properties

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第3期76卷 165-173页

作者： D A Baghdasaryan v A harutynyan E M Kazaryan h A Sarkisyan Russian-Armenian University H Emin 1230051YerevanArmenia Institute of Applied Problems of Physics 25 Nersisyan St0014YerevanArmenia

This paper theoretically studies the impurity states and the effects of impurity concentration and configuration on the optical,electrical,and statistical properties of CdSe nanoplatelets(NPLs).An image charge-based model of electron-impurity interaction is proposed.The charge-carrier energy spectra and corresponding wave functions depending on the impurity number and configuration are calculated.The electron binding energies are calculated for different NPL thicknesses.It is shown that the image charge-based interaction potential that arises due to the dielectric constants mismatch is much stronger than the interaction potential that does not take such a mismatch into account.Also,it is demonstrated that the binding energies are increasing with the number of impurities.We calculate the canonical partition function using the energy levels of the electron,which in turn is used to obtain the mean energy,heat capacity,and entropy of the non-interacting electron gas.The thermodynamic properties of the non-interacting electron gas that depend on the geometric parameters of the NPL,impurity number,configuration,and temperature are studied.

关键词： nanoplateletes thermodynamic properties impurity states

interferometry;laser±plasma interaction;off-harmonic probe laser;streaked shadowgraphy

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high Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 99-107页

作者： J.hornung Y.Zobus h.Lorenté C.Brabetz B.Zielbauer v.Bagnoud GSI helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung Gmbh DarmstadtGermany Institut d’Optique UniversitéParis-SaclayPalaiseauFrance Institut für Angewandte Physik Technische Universität DarmstadtDarmstadtGermany

This paper presents the development and experimental utilization of a synchronized off-harmonic laser system designed as a probe for ultra-intense laser±plasma interaction experiments. The system exhibits a novel seed-generation design,allowing for a variable pulse duration spanning over more than three orders of magnitude, from 3.45 picoseconds to 10 nanoseconds. This makes it suitable for various plasma diagnostics and visualization techniques. In a side-view configuration, the laser was employed for interferometry and streaked shadowgraphy of a laser-induced plasma while successfully suppressing the self-emission background of the laser±plasma interaction, resulting in a signal-to-self-emission ratio of 110 for this setup. These properties enable the probe to yield valuable insights into the plasma dynamics and interactions at the PhELIX facility and to be deployed at various laser facilities due to its easy-to-implement design.

关键词： interferometry laser-plasma interaction off-harmonic probe laser streaked shadowgraphy

Rationale and design of Tenecteplase Reperfusion Therapy in Acute Ischaemic Cerebrovascular Events III (TRACE III): a randomised, phase III, open- label, controlled trial

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Stroke & vascular Neurology 2024年第1期9卷 82-89页

作者： Yunyun Xiong Bruce C v Campbell Marc Fisher Lee h Schwamm Mark Parsons hao Li Yuesong Pan Xia Meng Xingquan Zhao Yongjun Wang Neurology Beijing Tiantan HospitalBeijingChina China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases BeijingChina Department of Medicine and Neurology The University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia Neurology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Neurology and Comprehensive Stroke Center Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Neurology University of New South Wales South Western Sydney Clinical SchoolLiverpoolNew South WalesAustralia

Background and purpose Recombinant human TNK tissue-type plasminogen activator(rhTNK-tPA)was not inferior to alteplase for ischaemic stroke within 4.5hours.Our study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of rhTNK-tPA in patients who had an ischaemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion(LvO)of anterior circulation beyond 4.5hours.Methods and design Tenecteplase Reperfusion Therapy in Acute Ischaemic Cerebrovascular Events-III(TRACE III)is a multicentre,prospective,randomised,open-label,blind endpoint,controlled clinical trial.Patients who had an ischaemic stroke due to anterior circulation LvO(internal carotid artery,middle cerebral artery M1 and M2 segments)within 4.5–24hours from last known well(including wake-up stroke and no witness stroke)and with salvageable tissue(ischaemic core volumeh ratio≥1.8 and mismatch volume≥15mL)based on CT perfusion or MRI perfusion-weighted imaging(PWI)were included and randomised to rhTNK-tPA 0.25mg/kg(single bolus)to a maximum of 25mg or standard medical therapy.Specially,we will exclude patients who are intended for direct thrombectomy.All will be followed up for 90 days.Study outcomes Primary efficacy outcome is modified Rankin Scale(mRS)score≤1 at 90 days.Secondary efficacy outcomes include ordinal distribution of mRS at 90 days,major neurological improvement defined by a decrease≥8 points compared with the initial deficit or a score≤1 on the National Institutes of health Stroke Scale(NIhSS)at 72 hours,mRS score≤2 at 90 days,the rate of improvement on Tmax>6s at 24 hours and NIhSS score change from baseline at 7days.Safety outcomes are symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage within 36 hours and mortality at 90 days.Discussion TRACE III will provide evidence for the efficacy and safety of rhTNK-tPA in patients who had an ischaemic strokes due to anterior circulation LvO beyond 4.5hours.Trial registration number NCT05141305.

关键词： Therapy random Rational

A novel diurnal and seasonal variation analysis of BTEX in Bengaluru urban area

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2024年第1期16卷 14-19页

作者： h.N.Sowmya M.Dinamani G.P.Shivashankara h.K.Ramaraju B.S.Surendra vijaya v.Shanbhag R.Prajwal Department of Civil Engineering Dayananda Sagar College of EngineeringBangalore 560078India Department of Chemistry Dayananda Sagar College of EngineeringBangalore 560078India Department of Physics GFGCVijayanagarBengaluru 560040India

In the urban atmosphere of Bengaluru, various volatile organic compounds(vOCs), particularly Benzene,Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylene(BTEX), have shown an increasing trend in concentration. The present research was conducted during summer and monsoon seasons, focusing on Kadubeesanahalli, a high-traffic area within the Bengaluru Metropolitan City. hourly sample data was collected using a BTEX analyzer(Model GC955-600) and subsequently transformed into daily, monthly, and seasonal values. The study revealed distinct patterns in benzene concentrations. Benzene levels were lowest during the early morning hours, specifically from 1:00 a.***.to 7:00 a.m.. Concentrations then increased from 7:00 a.m. to 9:00 a.m. and again from 4:00 p.m. to 11:00 p.m.,corresponding to the morning and evening peak traffic hours. however, between 10:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m., the concentration decreased due to reduced traffic levels. These diurnal variations in benzene concentration are influenced by meteorological parameters. Comparing the two seasons, higher concentrations of Benzene, EthylBenzene, and MP-xylene were observed during the summer season. This increase is attributed to the elevated temperatures during summer, which promote the vaporization of BTEX compounds. Conversely, lower BTEX concentrations were recorded during the monsoon season due to the wet deposition process. The observed positive correlation(r > 0.5) among BTEX parameters strongly suggests a common source, most likely originating from v.h.cular emissions.

关键词： BTEX Summer variation Meteorological parameters Correlation

Failure to Rescue as a Quality Metric in Congenital heart Surgeries in a high-Complexity Service Provider Institution Located in a Middle-Income Country

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Congenital heart Disease 2024年第2期19卷 207-218页

作者： Gustavo Cruz Santiago Pedroza Juan F.vélez Jessica Largo Juan F.Tejada Jorge h.Mejía-Mantilla Departamento de Anestesiología Fundación Valle del LiliCali760032Colombia Centro de Investigaciones Clínicas Fundación Valle del LiliCali760032Colombia Departamento de Cardiología Pediátrica Fundación Valle del LiliCali760032Colombia Facultad de Medicina Universidad IcesiCali760031Colombia Unidad de Cuidado Intensivo Fundación Valle del LiliCali760032Colombia

Background:Failure to rescue has been an effective quality metric in congenital heart surgery.Conversely,mor-bidity and mortality depend greatly on non-modifiable individual factors and have a weak correlation with better-quality performance.We aim to measure the complications,mortality,and risk factors in pediatric patients undergoing congenital heart surgery in a high-complexity institution located in a middle-income country and compare it with other institutions that have conducted a similar study.Methods:A retrospective observational study was conducted in a high-complexity service provider institution,in Cali,Colombia.All pediatric patients undergoing any congenital heart surgery between 2019 and 2022 were included.The main outcomes evaluated in the study were complication,mortality,and failure to rescue rate.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed with mortality as the outcome variable.Results:We evaluated 308 congenital heart sur-geries.Regarding the outcomes,201(65%)complications occurred,23(7.5%)patients died,and the FTR of the entire cohort was 11.4%.The presence of a postoperative complication(OR 14.88,CI 3.06–268.37,p=0.009),age(OR 0.79,CI 0.57–0.96,p=0.068),and urgent/emergent surgery(OR 8.14,CI 2.97–28.66,phe most significant variables in predicting mortality.Conclusions:Failure to rescue is an effective and comparable quality measure in healthcare institutions and is the major contributor to postoperative mortality in congenital heart surgeries.Despite our higher mortality and complication rate,we obtained a comparable failure to rescue rate to high-income countries’health institutions.

关键词： Congenital heart surgery complication mortality failure to rescue quality metric

Magnesium oxide(MgO) nanoadsorbents in wastewater treatment: A comprehensive review

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1709-1773页

作者： h.C.S.Perera v.Gurunanthanan Anoop Singh M.M.M.G.P.G.Mantilaka G.Das Sandeep Arya Department of Physics Khalifa University Postgraduate Institute of Science University of Peradeniya Department of humanities and Sciences Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus Centre for Global health Research Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Department of Physics University of Jammu

Wastewater contamination by heavy metals and synthetic dyes presents a significant environmental challenge, necessitating effective and sustainable separation techniques. This review article provides a detailed examination of magnesium oxide(MgO) nanoparticles as an innovative nanoadsorbent for wastewater treatment, with a specific focus on heavy metal and dye removal. The review comprehensively explores various aspects of MgO nanoparticles, including their structural characteristics and synthesis techniques. The article delves into the morphology and crystallographic arrangement of MgO nanoparticles, offering insights into their structural attributes. Given the complexity of adsorption processes, the review identifies and analyzes parameters influencing the adsorption efficiency of MgO nanoparticles, such as temperature, ph, contact time, initial concentration, and co-existing ions. The interplay between these parameters and the adsorption capability of MgO nanoparticles emphasizes the importance of optimizing operational conditions. Furthermore, the review assesses various synthesis methods for MgO nanoparticles, including sol-gel, hydrothermal, precipitation, green synthesis, solvothermal, and template-assisted techniques. It discusses the advantages, limitations, and resulting nanoparticle characteristics of each method, enabling readers to grasp the implications of synthesis processes on adsorption efficiency. This comprehensive review consolidates current insights into the effectiveness of MgO nanoparticles as a potent nanoadsorbent for removing heavy metals and dyes from wastewater covering a wide spectrum of aspects related to MgO nanoparticles. Moreover, there is a need to investigate the use of MgO in the treatment of actual wastewater or river water,in order to leverage its cost-effectiveness and high efficiency for practical water treatment applications in real-time.

关键词： MgO nanoparticles Nanoadsorbent Wastewater treatment heavy metals Dye separation Adsorption Synthesis methods

A detailed comparison of the composition of(RE)-Ba-Cu-O-Ag bulk superconductors

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Superconductivity 2024年第1期9卷 87-94页

作者： J.v.J.Congreve Y.Shi A.R.Dennis h.Druiff N.C.Tutt D.A.Cardwell J.h.Durrell Department of Engineering University of CambridgeCambridgeUK

The homogeneity of the microstructure and composition are critical in determining the properties of rare earthbarium‐cuprate,single grain bulk superconductors[(RE)BCO].The magnitude of the trapped magnetic field achieveable in these technologically important materials,in particular,is influenced heavily by the size and distribution of(RE)_(2)BaCuO_(x)(RE‐211)flux pinning inclusions in the bulk microstructure,whereas the size and distribution of silver agglomerates present within the bulk superconducting matrix correlate directly with improved mechanical properties.With careful engineering,these materials have significant potential for application in range of devices related to energy storage,medicine,electro‐magnetic machinery and microelectronic technology.Fabrication of(RE)BCO bulk superconductors typically involves heating a powder compact above its peritectic decomposition temperature followed by slow cooling to facilitate the growth of a single grain.Each(RE)BCO composition has a different peritectic temperature and growth rate,which,therefore,necessitates different requirements in the heating profile.The fabrication temperature and growth rate,for example,may have an effect on the RE‐211 and silver distribution,which may,in turn,affect the superconducting properties of the resulting single grain.In this work we compare the distributions of silver and RE‐211 in the single grain microstructures of YBCOAg,GdBCO‐Ag,EuBCO‐Ag and SmBCO‐Ag bulk superconductors using optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy.We observe that the distributions are very similar along both the a/b‐axis and c‐axis of these materials.This suggests that factors other than the maximum temperature used to achieve peritectic decomposition and the rate of single grain growth are particularly influential in determining the properties of the as‐processed samples in the top seeded melt growth process.This observation demonstrates there is freedom to use(RE)materials interchangeably between different

关键词： YBCO‐Ag GdBCO‐Ag SmBCO‐Ag EuBCO‐Ag Composition Bulk superconductor

Ion-conducting Membranes Based on Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers Modified by Poly(sodium acrylate-co-2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid)

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第3期42卷 333-343,I0007页

作者： Elizaveta v.Batishcheva Nikolay N.Smirnov Natalya v.Bobrova Maria P.Sokolova Michael A.Smirnov Institute of Macromolecular Compounds Russian Academy of SciencesBolshoy pr.31Saint Petersburg 199004Russia

Green method for preparation of ion-conducting membranes(ICM) based on bacterial cellulose nanofibers(CNF) modified by a copolymer of sodium acrylate and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid was elaborated. FTIR and NMR data confirmed grafting of polyacrylate onto cellulose surface. Formation of porous structure of the ICM was controlled by SEM and AFM. The maximal ionic conductivity of the membranes reaches 1.5 and 3.1 mS·cm^(-1)(60 ℃ and 98% relative humidity) when they are saturated with water or h_2SO_4(1 mol·L^(-1)) electrolyte,respectively. Prepared ICM was tested as a separator in a symmetrical supercapacitor with electrodes based on polyaniline hydrogel. The assembled cell demonstrate ability to operate at high current density up to 100 A·g^(-1) maintaining specific capacitance 165 F·g^(-1). Maximal specific capacitance of 289 F·g^(-1) was achieved at current density 1 A·g^(-1). Retaining of 90% of initial capacitance after 10000 of charge-discharge cycles proves high electrochemical stability of prepared ICM.

关键词： Bacterial cellulose Ion conductivity Porous membrane Supercapacitor

A combined computational/experimental study of anode-concerned voltage drop in aqueous primary Mg-air batteries

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1854-1866页

作者： Wen Xu Min Deng Darya Snihirova Linqian Wang Yulong Wu Sviatlana v.Lamaka Mikhail L.Zheludkevich Daniel h?che Institute of Surface Science Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon School of Materials Science and Engineering Hebei University of Technology Institute for Materials Science Faculty of Engineering Kiel University

The voltage drop appearing at Mg anode-electrolyte interface is a critical issue for the battery power and energy density of aqueous primary Mg-air batteries. The respective voltage loss is typically assigned to the deposits layer forming on the anode surface during discharge. In this work, we experimentally and computationally investigate the critical factors affecting the voltage drop at Mg anode towards a deeper understanding of the contribution of deposit and its growth. A two-dimensional(2D) mathematical model is proposed to compute the voltage drop of Mg-0.15Ca wt.% alloy(Mg-0.15Ca) by means of a semi-empirical formulas and experiments-based modification model, considering the effect of discharge current density, the negative difference effect(NDE) and surface deposits layer itself. This model is utilized to simulate the discharge potential of the anode at predefined experimental current densities. The computed voltage drop(half-cell voltage) is in good agreement with the experimental value. The applicability of the mathematical model is successfully validated on the second material(namely high-purity Mg).

关键词： Aqueous Mg-air battery voltage drop NDE Charge transfer Deposits-related resistances