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Remotely Activated Nanoparticles for Anticancer Therapy

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Nano-Micro Letters 2021年第1期13卷 174-207页

作者： Luisa Racca valentina Cauda Department of Applied Science and Technology Politecnico di TorinoC.so Duca degli Abruzzi 2410129 TurinItaly

Cancer has nowadays become one of the leading causes of death *** anticancer approaches are associated with different ***,innovative methodologies are being investigated,and several researchers propose the use of remotely activated nanoparticles to trigger cancer cell *** idea is to conjugate two different components,i.e.,an external physical input and *** are given in a harmless dose that once combined together act synergistically to therapeutically treat the cell or tissue of interest,thus also limiting the negative outcomes for the surrounding *** both the properties of the nanomaterial and the involved triggering stimulus,it is possible furthermore to achieve not only a therapeutic effect,but also a powerful platform for imaging at the same time,obtaining a nano-theranostic *** the present review,we highlight the role of nanoparticles as therapeutic or theranostic tools,thus excluding the cases where a molecular drug is *** thus present many examples where the highly cytotoxic power only derives from the active interaction between different physical inputs and *** perform a special focus on mechanical waves responding nanoparticles,in which remotely activated nanoparticles directly become therapeutic agents without the need of the administration of chemotherapeutics or sonosensitizing drugs.

关键词： Anticancer therapy Remotely activated nanomedicine Stimuli-responsive nanoparticles Physical stimulation Radiofrequency Nanoparticle-assisted ultrasound Hyperthermia

Biodegradability of bioplastics in different aquatic environments:A systematic review

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第8期142卷 169-181页

作者： Maria Cristina Lavagnolo valentina Poli Anna Maria Zampini valentina Grossule Department of Civil Environmental and Architectural Engineering-Laboratory of Environmental EngineeringUniversity of PadovaLungargine Rovetta 8Padova 35100Italy

Bioplastics were first introduced as environmentally friendly materials,with properties similar to those of conventional plastics.A bioplastic is defined as biodegradable if it can be decomposed into carbon dioxide under aerobic degradation,or methane and CO_(2)under anaerobic conditions,inorganic compounds,and new cellular biomass,by the action of naturally occurring *** definition however does not provide any information on the environmental conditions,timescale and extent at which decomposition processes should *** regard to the aquatic environment,recognized standards have been established to assess the ability of plastics to undergo biodegradation;however,these standards fail to provide clear targets to be met to allow labelling of a bioplastic as ***,these standards grant the user an extensive leeway in the choice of process *** these reasons,the comparison of results deriving from different studies is *** authors analysed and discussed the degree of biodegradability of a series of biodegradable bioplastics in aquatic environments(both fresh and salt water)using the results obtained in the laboratory and from on-site testing in the context of different research *** Oxygen Demand(BOD),CO_(2)evolution,surface erosion and weight loss were the main parameters used by researchers to describe the percentage of *** results showed a large variability both in weight loss and BOD,even when evaluating the same type of *** confirms the need for a reference range of values to be established with regard to parameters applied in defining the biodegradability of bioplastics.

关键词： Biodegradation Bioplastic Plastic Natural environment Plastic waste

Simulating bicycle traffic by the intelligent-driver model-Reproducing the traffic-wave characteristics observed in a bicycle-following experiment

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2020年第1期7卷 19-29页

作者： valentina Kurtc Martin Treiber Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic UniversitySt.Petersburg 195251Russia Institute for Transport and Economics Technische Universitat DresdenDresden 01062Germany

Bicycle traffic operations become increasingly important and yet are largely ignored in the traffic flow community,until *** hypothesize that there is no qualitative difference between vehicular and bicycle traffic flow dynamics in single-file case,so the latter can be described by reparameterized car-following *** test this proposition,we reproduce German(Andresen et al.,2014)and Chinese(Jiang et al.,2016)bicycle experiments on a ring with the intelligent-driver model(IDM)and compare its fit quality(calibration)and predictive power(validation)with that of the necessary-deceleration-model(NDM),which is specifically designed for bike *** find similar quality metrics for both models,so the above hypothesis of a qualitative equivalence cannot be ***,calibration errors of the IDM turn up to be slightly smaller compared to the NDM *** NDM represents significant calibration errors for high flow densities,which correspond to flow states,when stop-and-go wave *** to validation tests,the IDM outperforms the NDM as *** two types of validation techniques we discover that inter-driver variation is much higher than the intra-driver variation for bicycle *** coincides with the results obtained from vehicular traffic experiments(NGSIM trajectory data).In addition,we suggest the measure for quantitative comparison of two microscopic fundamental diagrams,which are derived from experimental data and simulated *** analysis of speed-density relations provides more or less the same results for both models.

关键词： Bicycle traffic Car-following model Stop-and-go waves Calibration Validation Fundamental diagram

Emerging role of lysosomal calcium store as a hub of neuroprotection

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第6期17卷 1259-1260页

作者： valentina Tedeschi Agnese Secondo Division of Pharmacology Department of NeuroscienceReproductive and Odontostomatological SciencesSchool of Medicine“Federico II”University of NaplesNaplesItaly

Filled with more than 60 different types of hydrolases,the acidic organelle lysosome governs cellular digestion by removing damaged organelles and catabolic products(Xu and Ren,2015).Beyond the canonical role in the intracellular degradative pathways,lysosome precedes nutrient sensing,autophagy,immune cell signaling,metabolism and membrane repair.

关键词： metabolism removing store

Domestic reptiles as source of zoonotic bacteria:a mini review

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第8期10卷 789-794页

作者： valentina Virginia Ebani Department of Veterinary Science University of PisaI 56124 PisaItaly

Captive reptiles, always more often present in domestic environment as pets, may harbor and excrete a large variety of zoonotic pathogens. Among them, Salmonella is the most wellknown agent, whereas there are very scant data about infections by mycobacteria, chlamydiae and leptospirae in cold-blooded animals. However, the investigations that found antibody reactions and/or the bacteria in samples collected from free-ranging and captive reptiles show that herpetofauna may be involved in the epidemiology of these infections. The present review reports the updated knowledge about salmonellosis, mycobacteriosis, chlamydiosis and leptospirosis in reptiles and underlines the risk of infection to which people, mainly children, are exposed.

关键词： Reptiles Zoonosis Salmonellosis Mycobacteriosis Chlamydiosis Leptospirosis

Antibiotic resistance in patients with liver cirrhosis:Prevalence and current approach to tackle

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第31期11卷 7530-7542页

作者： valentina Liakina Clinic of Gastroenterology Nephrourology and SurgeryInstitute of Clinical MedicineFaculty of MedicineVilnius UniversityVilnius 01513Lithuania Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering Faculty of Fundamental SciencesVilnius TechVilnius 10223Lithuania

Regardless of etiology,complications with bacterial infection in patients with cirrhosis are reported in the range of 25%-46%according to the most recent *** to frequent episodes of bacterial infection and repetitive antibiotic treatment,most often with broad-spectrum gram negative coverage,patients with cirrhosis are at increased risk of encountering multidrug resistant bacteria,and this raises *** such patients,extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and AmpCproducing Enterobacterales,methicillin-or vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus,vancomycin-resistant Enterococci,carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and Acinetobacter baumannii,all of which are difficult to treat,are the most *** is why novel approaches to the prophylaxis and treatment of bacterial infections to avoid antibiotic resistance have recently been *** the same time,our knowledge of resistance mechanisms is constantly *** review summarizes the current situation regarding the burden of antibiotic resistance,including the prevalence and mechanisms of intrinsic and acquired resistance in bacterial species that most frequently cause complications in patients with liver cirrhosis and recent developments on how to deal with multidrug resistant bacteria.

关键词： Cirrhosis Bacterial complications Antibiotics Intrinsic resistance Acquired resistance Probiotics Vaccines

Metabotropic glutamate receptors and nitric oxide in dopaminergic neurotoxicity

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2021年第10期11卷 830-840页

作者： valentina Bashkatova Laboratory of Physiology Reinforcements Anokhin Institute of Normal PhysiologyMoscow 125315Russia

Dopaminergic neurotoxicity is characterized by damage and death of dopaminergic ***'s disease(PD)is a neurodegenerative disorder that primarily involves the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia ***,the study of the mechanisms,as well as the search for new targets for the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases,is an important focus of modern *** is primarily caused by dysfunction of dopaminergic neurons;however,other neurotransmitter systems are also *** reports have indicated that the glutamatergic system is involved in different pathological conditions,including dopaminergic *** the last two decades,the important functional interplay between dopaminergic and glutamatergic systems has stimulated interest in the possible role of metabotropic glutamate receptors(mGluRs)in the development of extrapyramidal ***,the specific mechanisms driving these processes are presently *** participation of the universal neuronal messenger nitric oxide(NO)in the mechanisms of dopaminergic neurotoxicity has attracted increased *** current paper aims to review the involvement of mGluRs and the contribution of NO to dopaminergic *** precisely,we focused on studies conducted on the rotenone-induced PD *** review is also an outline of our own results obtained using the method of electron paramagnetic resonance,which allows quantitation of NO radicals in brain structures.

关键词： Dopaminergic neurotoxicity Metabotropic glutamate receptors Nitric oxide Rotenone Parkinson's disease

Physical exercise and traumatic brain injury: is it question of time?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 475-476页

作者： valentina Mastrorilli Stefano Farioli Vecchioli Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology Institute of Biochemistry and Cell BiologyNational Research Council(IBBC/CNR)MonterotondoRomeItaly Plaisant S.R.L. RomeItaly

Is it better to be safe than sorry?This Hamletic dilemma has always stimulated medical-scientific debates in numerous fields of *** among these,the preventive-therapeutic approach to the treatment of brain trauma is one of the most striking *** brain injury(TBI)is a leading cause of brain damage among young and elderly populations with a very high hospitalization and death *** is characterized by two pathologically distinct but strictly consequential phases:a first characterized by an immediate and highly variable mechanical dysfunction of the brain tissue,which involves widespread cell death and tissue degeneration,followed by a second phase which can last from days to even years depending on the severity of the TBI and the patient’s pre-existing health *** processes,including inflammatory phenomena,oxidative stress associated with metabolic,vascular,and neuro-modulatory deficits,are very often responsible for neuro-motor and psychological deficits leading to long-term disabilities(Kaur and Sharma,2018).

关键词： injury striking modulator

Methodological issues in the study of intestinal microbiota in irritable bowel syndrome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第27期20卷 8821-8836页

作者： valentina Taverniti Simone Guglielmetti Division of Food Microbiology and Bioprocessing Department of Food Environmental and Nutritional Sciences Università degli Studi di Milano 20133 Milan Italy

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is an intestinal functional disorder with the highest prevalence in the industrialized world. The intestinal microbiota (IM) plays a role in the pathogenesis of IBS and is not merely a consequence of this disorder. Previous research efforts have not revealed unequivocal microbiological signatures of IBS, and the experimental results are contradictory. The experimental methodologies adopted to investigate the complex intestinal ecosystem drastically impact the quality and significance of the results. Therefore, to consider the methodological aspects of the research on IM in IBS, we reviewed 29 relevant original research articles identified through a PubMed search using three combinations of keywords: “irritable bowel syndrome + microflora”, “irritable bowel syndrome + microbiota” and “irritable bowel syndrome + microbiome”. For each study, we reviewed the quality and significance of the scientific evidence obtained with respect to the experimental method adopted. The data obtained from each study were compared with all considered publications to identify potential inconsistencies and explain contradictory results. The analytical revision of the studies referenced in the present review has contributed to the identification of microbial groups whose relative abundance significantly alters IBS, suggesting that these microbial groups could be IM signatures for this syndrome. The identification of microbial biomarkers in the IM can be advantageous for the development of new diagnostic tools and novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of different subtypes of IBS.

关键词： Intestinal dysfunction Irritable bowel syndrome Intestinal microbiota Bifidobacteria New generation DNA sequencing