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Immune Profile of COVID-19 Survivors and Contacts During 9 Months:A Cohort Study

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Infectious Diseases & Immunity 2023年第4期3卷 163-175页

作者： valentina V.Tatarnikova Natalya O.Kiseleva valentina I.Dubrovina Vladimir A.Vishnyakov Darya D.Bryukhova Anna B.Pyatidesyatnikova Konstantin M.Korytov Munko B.Sharakshanov Sergey V.Balakhonov Irkutsk Antiplague Research Institute of Siberia and Far East of Rospotrebnadzor Irkutsk 664047Russia

Background:Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)causes a multi-organ systemic damage that can lead to long-term *** is known about the possible long-term effects of COVID-19 on circulating leukocyte kinetics and functional T-cell activity after *** investigate immune system changes,we designed a cohort ***:Volunteer screening and sample collectionwere performed at the Irkutsk Research Anti-Plague Institute of ***-four volunteers who have had COVID-19(recovered volunteers(RVs))betweenMay 2020 andMay 2021,33 volunteers who had been in contact with COVID-19 patients(contact volunteers(CVs))within the family setting but had not become ill,and 47 healthy volunteers(HVs)participated in the *** performed immunophenotyping of peripheral blood cells using flow *** was tested for SARS-CoV-2 anti-nucleocapsid immunoglobulin G antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(Ab(+),people with specific anti-N antibodies to SARS-CoV-2;Ab(−),people without specific antibodies).Results:There were no serious disturbances in the internal environment of the body in RVs and *** the evaluation of the general state of the immune system,the most informative indicator was the index of the ratio of neutrophils to bloodmonocytes–decreased on the 1st terms of observation(1 and 3 months post-symptom onset(PSO)/post-contact onset(PCO)),on average,1.3 times compared with HVs(8.6%(7.5%–10.5%),P<0.05),which recovered by the 6th month of *** of the cells responsible for the development of the adaptive immune response was noted only in RVs–increased B-lymphocyte content(HVs,9.1%(6.4%–10.2%))and immunoregulatory index ratio(HVs,1.6%(1.2%–2.1%))due to redistribution of T-helper and cytotoxic T cells throughout the follow-up period by an average of 1.2-fold compared with HVs(P<0.05).However,CVs with specific antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 N-protein also had an increased proportion of CD3−CD19+c

关键词： COVID-19 Flow cytometry Immunity Specific IgG T cells B cells

Multibranched-Based Fluorinated Materials:Tailor-Made Design of ^(19)F‑MRI Probes

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Accounts of Materials Research 2023年第1期4卷 71-85页

作者： Beatrice Lucia Bona Olga Koshkina Cristina Chirizzi valentina Dichiarante Pierangelo Metrangolo Francesca Baldelli Bombelli SupraBioNanoLab Department of ChemistryMaterials and Chemical Engineering“Giulio Natta”Politecnico di MilanoMilan 20131Italy Sustainable Polymer Chemistry Group Department of Molecules and MaterialsMesa+Institute for NanotechnologyUniversity of TwenteTwente 7522 NBThe Netherlands

CONSPECTUS: Future medicine is primarily aiming at the development of novel approachesfor an early diagnosis of diseases and a personalized therapy for patients. For achieving theseobjectives, a key role is played by medical imaging. Among available noninvasive imagingtechniques, Fluorine-19 (^(19)F) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is emerging as a powerfulquantitative detection modality for clinical use both for molecular imaging and for cell *** strength of using ^(19)F-MRI is mainly related to the lack of endogenous organic fluorine intissues, with no background, enabling the visualization of fluorinated tracers as hot-spot images,adding secondary independent information to the anatomical features provided by thegrayscale ^(1)H-MRI. The main challenge for ^(19)F-MRI clinical application is the intrinsic reducedsensitivity of MRI. To improve sensitivity, undoubtedly the use of a high field MRI scanner andcryogenic radiofrequency probes is advantageous, but there is a clear need of developingincreasingly effective fluorinated *** ideal tracer should bear as many as possible magnetically equivalent fluorine atoms andshow optimal magnetic resonance relaxivity properties (i.e., T_(1) and T_(2)), which enable reduced acquisition time with the possibility toapply fast imaging methods. Moreover, it should be biocompatible with reduced tendency to bioaccumulate in tissues, which is oneof the main drawbacks in using perfluorocarbons (PFCs), together with their difficulty to be chemically modified with functionalgroups. In fact, PFCs such as perfluorooctyl bromide (PFOB), perfluoro-15-crown-5-ether (PFCE), and linear perfluoropolyethers(PFPE) are currently the most used tracers in ^(19)F-MRI preclinical and clinical studies, with the above-mentioned limitations. In thisregard, molecules bearing short branched fluorinated chains gained a lot of attention for their high number of equivalent fluorinesand expected capability of reducing bioaccumulation concern

关键词： fluorine Probe scanner

Extension of pilot tests of cyanide elimination by ozone from blast furnace gas washing water through Aspen Plus based model

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2018年第4期12卷 718-730页

作者： Ismael Matino valentina CoHa Teresa A.Branca Scuola Superiore Sant' Anna TeCIP Institute-ICT-COISP56124 PisaItaly

For improving wastewater quality, one of the dare of steelworks is reducing cyanide in wastewater of gas washing treatment of blast furnaces. Costs of existing treatments, stringent environmental regulations and changeable composition of water from gas treatment, have led to study how available treatments can be modified and to examine new ones. Ozonation is one of cyanide treatments, tested within a European project. A process model was set up with Aspen Plus®, to assess operating conditions and wastewater distinctive characteristics and to demonstrate treatment robustness. Process was modeled by theoretical reactors, taking into account all more affecting reactions. A genetic algorithm was exploited to find kinetic parameters of these reactions. After validation, the model was used to analyse scenarios, by considering also real contexts. Pilot tests were extended, process knowledge was enhanced and suggestions were obtained. To promote cyanide removal with ozone, temperature and pH values were 30°C and 10, respectively. With an ozone (mg/h)/water (L/h) ratio of 100 mg/L, batch mode ensure reaching cyanide regulation limit (0.2 mg/L) after maximum 4.5 h, if initial amount was less than 20 mg/L. Higher removal was obtained than in continuous mode due to constraints related to this last run. Higher wastewater contamination needed further time and more ozone.

关键词： blast furnace cyanide removal gas washing water modeling and simulation ozonation

Carotid artery endarterectomy in patients with symptomatic non-stenotic carotid artery disease

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2022年第3期7卷 251-257页

作者： valentina Nardi John C Benson Anthony S Larson Waleed Brinjikji Luca Saba Fredric B Meyer Giuseppe Lanzino Amir Lerman Luis E Savastano Department of Cardiovascular Diseases Mayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA Radiology Mayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA Radiology Azienda Ospedaliero UniversitariaCagliariItaly Neurosurgery Mayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA

Object We sought to determine the safety and efficacy in secondary stroke prevention of carotid endarterectomy(CEA)in patients with symptomatic non-stenotic carotid artery disease(SyNC).Methods This was a single-centre retrospective case *** patients who underwent CEA for unilateral anterior circulation cerebrovascular events with ipsilateral<50%carotid stenosis from 2002 to 2020 were *** hallmarks including the degree of luminal stenosis and the presence of various vulnerable plaque characteristics(eg,intraplaque haemorrhage(IPH)on MR angiography,ulceration or low-density plaque on CT angiography)were *** presence of vulnerable plaque characteristics was compared between arteries ipsilateral to the ischaemic event and contralateral *** prevalence of perioperative/intraoperative complications,as well as recurrent ischaemic events at follow-up was *** Thirty-two patients were included in the analysis,of which 25.0%were *** arteries ipsilateral to an ischaemic event had a significantly higher prevalence of IPH when compared with contralateral arteries(80.0%vs 0.0%;p<0.001).There were no intraoperative *** patient(3.1%)developed symptoms of transient ipsilateral ischaemia 1 day following CEA which resolved without *** a median follow-up of 18.0 months(IQR 5.0-36.0),only one patient(3.1%)experienced a transient neurologic deficit with complete resolution(annualised rate of recurrent stroke after CEA of 1.5%for a total follow-up of 788 patient-months following CEA).All other patients(31/32,96.9%)were free of recurrent ischaemic *** CEA appears to be safe and well-tolerated in patients with *** studies with larger cohorts and longer follow-up intervals are needed in order to determine the role of CEA in this patient population.

关键词： patients carotid prevention

Essential oils as solvents and core materials for the preparation of photo-responsive polymer nanocapsules

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Nano Research 2018年第5期11卷 2783-2795页

作者： valentina Marturano valentina Bizzarro Adriana De Luise Anna Calarco Veronica Ambrogi Marta Giamberini Bartosz Tylkowski Pierfrancesco Cerruti Department of Chemical Sciences University of Naples "Federico Ⅱ" Via Cynthia 4 Napoli 80125 Italy Institute for Polymers Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB-CNR) Via Campi Flegrei 34 Pozzuoli (NA) 80078 Italy Institute of Agro-Environmental and Forest Biology (IBAF-CNR) Via Pietro Castellino 111 Napoli 80131 Italy Department of Chemical Materials and Production Engineering (DICMAPI) University of Naples "Federico Ⅱ" P. le Tecchio 80 Napoli 80125 Italy Department of Chemical Engineering (DEQ) Universitat Rovira i Virgili Av. Pa'fsos Catalans 26 Tarragona 43007 Spain Chemistry Technology Centre of Catalonia (CTQC) C/Marcel-Ⅱ Domingo Tarragona 43007 Spain

Light-triggered release of active ingredients from polymeric nanosized capsules can be employed in a wide range of applications, such as biomedicine, active packaging, and cosmetics. However, the preparation of core-shell polymeric nanocarriers typically involves the use of toxic organic solvents. To improve the sustainability and safety of nanocapsule applications, we demonstrate that natural essential oils can be used both as solvent and active material in light-responsive nanocapsules synthesized via miniemulsion polycondensation. The documented antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activity of essential oils enables the design of multipurpose light-responsive delivery platforms. The photo-responsive behavior of the capsules, achieved by means of photochromic azobenzene segments embedded in the capsule shell, is triggered by UV light irradiation （λmax= 360 nm）. Light-induced release kinetics of the essential oils and a fluorescent probe molecule, coumarin-6, is evaluated via UV-vis spectroscopy and spectrofluorimetry, respectively, demonstrating the efficiency and reliability of the release mechanism. Biological tests prove that the capsules are non-cytotoxic and readily internalized by cells, indicating the suitability of these smart nanocarriers for biological applications.

关键词： light-responsive polymer nanocapsules essential oils azobenzene controlled release cytotoxicity

Implications of metabolism-driven myeloid dysfunctions in cancer therapy

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第4期18卷 829-841页

作者： Laura Strauss valentina Guarneri Alessandra Gennari Antonio Sica Department of Immunopharmacology and Immuno Oncology EMD Serono Research&Development InstituteInc.80119545A Middlesex TurnpikeBillericaMA 01821USA Department of Surgery Oncology and GastroenterologyUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly Veneto Institute of Oncology-IRCCS PaduaItalyPadovaItaly Division of Oncology Department of Translational MedicineUniversity of Eastern PiedmontNovaraItaly Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Eastern PiedmontA.Avogadrovia Bovio 6NovaraItaly Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCSVia Manzoni 56RozzanoMilanItaly

Immune homeostasis is maintained by an adequate balance of myeloid and lymphoid *** chronic inflammatory states,including cancer,this balance is lost due to dramatic expansion of myeloid progenitors that fail to mature to functional inflammatory neutrophils,macrophages,and dendritic cells(DCs),thus giving rise to a decline in the antitumor effector lymphoid ***-related inflammation orchestrates the production of hematopoietic growth factors and cytokines that perpetuate recruitment and activation of myeloid precursors,resulting in unresolved and chronic *** pathologic inflammation creates profound alterations in the intrinsic cellular metabolism of the myeloid progenitor pool,which is amplified by competition for essential nutrients and by hypoxia-induced metabolic rewiring at the tumor ***,persistent myelopoiesis and metabolic dysfunctions contribute to the development of cancer,as well as to the severity of a broad range of diseases,including metabolic syndrome and autoimmune and infectious *** aims of this review are to(1)define the metabolic networks implicated in aberrant myelopoiesis observed in cancer patients,(2)discuss the mechanisms underlying these clinical manifestations and the impact of metabolic perturbations on clinical outcomes,and(3)explore new biomarkers and therapeutic strategies to restore immunometabolism and differentiation of myeloid cells towards an effector phenotype to increase host antitumor *** propose that the profound metabolic alterations and associated transcriptional changes triggered by chronic and overactivated immune responses in myeloid cells represent critical factors influencing the balance between therapeutic efficacy and immune-related adverse effects(irAEs)for current therapeutic strategies,including immune checkpoint inhibitor(ICI)therapy.

关键词： Myelopoiesis Tumor-associated macrophages Myeloid-derived suppressor cells Metabolism Cancer therapy

The spectrum of pneumatosis intestinalis in the adult.A surgical dilemma

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2023年第4期15卷 553-565页

作者： Giuseppe Tropeano Marta Di Grezia Caterina Puccioni valentina Bianchi Gilda Pepe Valeria Fico Gaia Altieri Giuseppe Brisinda Emergency Surgery and Trauma Center Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli IRCCSRome 00168Italy Department of Surgery UniversitàCattolica del Sacro CuoreRome 00168Italy

Pneumatosis intestinalis(PI) is a striking radiological diagnosis. Formerly a rare diagnostic finding, it is becoming more frequently diagnosed due to the wider availability and improvement of computed tomography scan imaging. Once associated only with poor outcome, its clinical and prognostic significance nowadays has to be cross-referenced to the nature of the underlying *** mechanisms of pathogenesis have been debated and multiple causes have been detected during the years. All this contributes to creating a broad range of clinical and radiological presentations. The management of patients presenting PI is related to the determining cause if it is identified. Otherwise, in particular if an association with portal venous gas and/or pneumoperitoneum is present, the eventual decision between surgery and non-operative management is challenging,even for stable patients, since this clinical condition is traditionally associated to intestinal ischemia and consequently to pending clinical collapse if not *** the wide variety of origin and outcomes, PI still remains for surgeons a demanding clinical entity. The manuscript is an updated narrative review and gives some suggestions that may help make the decisional process easier,identifying patients who can benefit from surgical intervention and those who can benefit from non-operative management avoiding unnecessary procedures.

关键词： Pneumatosis intestinalis Risk factors Treatment Portal venous gas Portomesenteric pneumatosis

A long story for a short peptide:therapeutic efficacy of a cleavagespecific tau antibody

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第12期16卷 2417-2419页

作者： Giuseppina Amadoro valentina Latina Pietro Calissano Institute of Translational Pharmacology(IFT)-National Research Council(CNR) Via Fosso del Cavaliere 10000133-RomeItaly(Amadoro G)European Brain Research Institute(EBRI)Viale Regina Elena 29500161-RomeItaly

Tau is the prime participant in the Alzheimer’s disease(AD) neurodegeneration:AD,the main cause of dementia in elderly people,is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a long prodromal phase(starting more than two decades before clinical symptoms appear)with brain accumulation/misfolding of amyloidβ(Aβ)in insoluble amyloid plaques and of tau protein in neurofibrillary tangles.

关键词： tau Aβ Alzheimer

The evolution of eccentricity in the eclipsing binary system AS Camelopardalis

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2018年第1期18卷 113-118页

作者： valentina Kozyreva Anatoly Kusakin Alexey Bogomazov M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University P.K.Sternberg Astronomical Institute National Space Agency Fesenkov Astrophysical Institute

In 2002,2004 and 2017 we conducted high precision CCD photometry observations of the eclipsing binary system AS *** analysis of the light curves from 1967 to 2017（our data ＋ data from the literature） we obtained photometric elements of the system and found a change in the system＇s orbital eccentricity of ？e = 0.03 ± *** change can indicate that there is a third companion in the system in a highly inclined orbit with respect to the orbital plane of the central binary,and its gravitational influence may cause the discrepancy between observed and theoretical apsidal motion rates of AS Cam.

关键词： binaries:close binaries:eclipsing stars:individual(AS Cam)