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Coping with drought?Effects of extended drought conditions on soil invertebrate prey and diet selection by a fossorial amphisbaenian reptile

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Current Zoology 2023年第4期69卷 367-376页

作者： José Martín Jesús Ortega Roberto García-Roa Gonzalo Rodríguez-Ruiz Ana Pérez-Cembranos valentín Pérez-Mellado Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva Museo Nacional de Ciencias NaturalesCSICMadridSpain Institute of Evolutionary Biology CSIC-Universitat Pompeu FabraBarcelonaSpain Ethology Lab Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of ValenciaValenciaSpain Departamento de Biología Animal Universidad de SalamancaSalamancaSpain

Arid climates are characterized by a summer drought period to which animals seem ***,in some years,the drought can extend for unusually longer *** the effects of these current extreme weather events on biodiversity can help to understand the effects of climate change,as models predict an increase in drought ***,we examined the effects of“unusual”extended drought on soil invertebrate prey availability and on diet composition(based on fecal contents)and diet selection of a fossorial amphisbaenian,the checkerboard worm lizard Trogonophis *** data show interannual variations in summer drought *** abundance and diversity of soil invertebrates in spring were high,and similar to those found in a“normal”early autumn,after some rain had ended with the summer *** contrast,in years with“unusual”extended drought,abundance,and diversity of soil invertebrates in early autumn were very ***,there were seasonal changes in amphisbaenians’diet;in autumn with drought,prey diversity,and niche breadth decreased with respect to spring and autumns after some rain had *** did not eat prey at random in any season,but made some changes in prey selection that may result from drought-related restrictions in prey ***,in spite that amphisbaenians showed some feeding flexibility,their body condition was lower in autumn than in spring,and much lower in autumn with *** extended drought became the norm in the future,amphisbaenians might suffer important negative effects for their health state.

关键词： amphisbaenians drought feeding ecology soil invertebrates Trogonophis wiegmanni weather conditions

DnA metabarcoding the diet of Podarcis lizards endemic to the Balearic Islands

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Current Zoology 2023年第5期69卷 514-526页

作者： Iris Alemany Ana Pérez-Cembranos valentín Pérez-Mellado JoséAurelio Castro Antònia Picornell Cori ramon JoséA Jurado-Rivera Deptartment of Biology Universitat de les Illes BalearsCtra.Valldemossa km 7’5Palma de Mallorca07122Balearic IslandsSpain and Department of Animal Biology Universidad de SalamancaCampus Miguel de Unamuno s/n37007SalamancaSpain

Dietary studies are essential to unravel the functioning of ecosystems and ultimately to understand *** task,which at first may seem simple,becomes especially complex in those cases of omnivorous species with highly variable *** this regard,the emergence of next-generation DnA sequencing methodologies represents a powerful tool to address the *** we implement a high-throughput metabarcoding strategy based on the analysis of four molecular markers aimed at sequencing both mitochondrial(animal prey)and chloroplast(diet plants)genome fragments from fecal samples of two lizard species endemic to the Balearic Archipelago(Podarcis lilfordi and ***)obtained through non-invasive *** results allowed for the characterization of their diets with a high degree of taxonomic detail and have contributed a large number of new trophic *** reported diets are based mainly on the consumption of arthropods,mollusks and plants from a diversity of taxonomic orders,as well as carrion and marine *** analyses also reveal inter-and intra-specific differences both in terms of seasonality and geographical distribution of the sampled lizard *** molecular findings provide new insights into the trophic interactions of these threatened endemic lizards in their unique and isolated ecosystems.

关键词： Balearic archipelago COI metabarcoding Podarcis lilfordi Podarcis pityusensis psbA-trnH rbcL trophic ecology

Colorectal cancer diagnosis: Pitfalls and opportunities

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2015年第12期7卷 422-433页

作者： Pablo Vega Fátima valentín Joaquín Cubiella Department of Gastroenterology Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Ourense

Colorectal cancer(CRC) is a major health problem in the Western world. The diagnostic process is a challenge in all health systems for many reasons: There are often no specific symptoms; lower abdominal symptoms are very common and mostly related to nonneoplastic diseases, not CRC; diagnosis of CRC is mainlybased on colonoscopy, an invasive procedure; and the resource for diagnosis is usually scarce. Furthermore, the available predictive models for CRC are based on the evaluation of symptoms, and their diagnostic accuracy is limited. Moreover, diagnosis is a complex process involving a sequence of events related to the patient, the initial consulting physician and the health system. Understanding this process is the first step in identifying avoidable factors and reducing the effects of diagnostic delay on the prognosis of CRC. In this article, we describe the predictive value of symptoms for CRC detection. We summarize the available evidence concerning the diagnostic process, as well as the factors implicated in its delay and the methods proposed to reduce it. We describe the different prioritization criteria and predictive models for CRC detection, specifically addressing the two-week wait referral guideline from the national Institute of Clinical Excellence in terms of efficacy, efficiency and diagnostic accuracy. Finally, we collected information on the usefulness of biomarkers, specifically the faecal immunochemical test, as non-invasive diagnostic tests for CRC detection in symptomatic patients.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Colonoscopy Primary health care

Open versus laparoscopic cholecystectomies in patients with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus in Spain from 2003 to 2013

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2016年第5期15卷 525-532页

作者： JoséM de Miguel-Yanes Manuel Méndez-Bailón Rodrigo Jiménez-García valentín Hernández-Barrera napoleón Pérez-Farinós Fernando Turégano nuria Munoz-Rivas Ana López-de-Andrés Internal Medicine Department Hospital General Universitario“Gregorio Maranón”46Doctor Esquerdo28007MadridSpain Internal Medicine Department Hospital Clínico San CarlosCalle Profesor Martín Lagos28040MadridSpain Preventive Medicine and Public Health Department Health Sciences FacultyRey Juan Carlos UniversityAvenida de AtenasAlcorcón28292MadridSpain Spanish Agency of Alimentary Safety and nutrition Ministry of HealthSocial Policy and Equality56Alcalá28071MadridSpain Internal Medicine Department Hospital Infanta Leonor80Avenida Gran Vía del Este28031MadridSpain Surgery Department Hospital General Universitario“Gregorio Maranón”46Doctor Esquerdo28007MadridSpain

BACKGROUnD: This study aimed to compare the rates of open and laparoscopic cholecystectomies and outcomes in patients with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Spain from 2003 to 2013. METHODS: We collected all cases of open and laparoscopic cholecystectomies using national hospital discharge data and evaluated the annual cholecystectomy rates stratiifed by T2DM status. We analyzed tendency for in-hospital mortality (IHM). We also analyzed the impact of T2DM on IHM in patients who underwent cholecystectomies. RESULTS: We identiifed 611 533 cholecystectomies (71.3%laparoscopic) in the patients, in whom 78 227 (12.8%) patients had T2DM. The rates of open cholecystectomies were 3-fold higher (130.0/105 vs 41.1/105) in patients with T2DM than in those without T2DM, and the rate of laparoscopic cholecys-tectomies was almost 2-fold higher (195.2/105 vs 111.8/105) in patients with T2DM. The annual rate of laparoscopic pro-cedures showed an 11-year relative increase of 88.3% (from 117.0/105 to 220.3/105) in T2DM and 49.2% (from 79.2/105 to 118.2/105) in patients without T2DM (Pn procedures showed an 11-year relative decrease of 27.6% in patients with T2DM and 37.9% in those without T2DM (Pncy laparoscopic cho-lecystectomy was increased in the 11 years, whereas the rate of emergency open cholecystectomies was decreased (both Pnalysis revealed that older age, higher comorbidity and emergency cholecystectomy were associated with a higher IHM. Compared with patients without T2DM, patients with T2DM demonstrated a lower IHM after open cholecystectomy [OR=0.82 (0.78-0.87)], but a higher IHM after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (OR=1.18 (1.03-1.35))Time-trend analyses showed a signiifcant reduction in IHM in patients with or without T2DM after the two procedures. COnCLUSIOn: The rate of cholecystectomy was higher in patients with T2DM, and laparoscopic cholecystectomy was p

关键词： diabetes mellitus cholecystectomy mortality in-hospital mortality

Intertwined leukocyte balances in tumours and peripheral blood as robust predictors of right and left colorectal cancer survival

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2022年第1期14卷 295-318页

作者： ramón Cantero-Cid Karla Marina Montalbán-Hernández Jenny Guevara Alejandro Pascual-Iglesias Elisa Pulido JoséCarlos Casalvilla Cristóbal Marcano Cristina Barragán Serrano Jaime valentín Gloria Cristina Bonel-Pérez JoséAvendaño-Ortiz Verónica Terrón Roberto Lozano-Rodríguez Alejandro Martín-Quirós Elvira Marín Eva Pena Laura Guerra-Pastrián Eduardo López-Collazo Luis Augusto Aguirre Tumor Immunology Laboratory The Innate Immune Response GroupHospital La Paz Institute for Health Research(IdiPAZ)Madrid 28046Spain Digestive Surgery Service La Paz University HospitalMadrid 28046Spain Emergency Department and Emergent Pathology Research Group Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research(IdiPAZ)Madrid 28046Spain Pathologic Anatomy Service Hospital La PazMadrid 28046Spain

BACKGROUnD Colorectal cancer(CRC)accounts for 9.4%of overall cancer deaths,ranking second after lung *** the large number of factors tested to predict their outcome,most patients with similar variables show big differences in ***,right-sided CRC(RCRC)and left-sided CRC(LCRC)patients exhibit large differences in outcome after surgical intervention as assessed by preoperative blood leukocyte *** hypothesised that stronger indexes than circulating(blood)leukocyte ratios to predict RCRC and LCRC patient outcomes will result from combining both circulating and infiltrated(tumour/peritumour fixed tissues)concentrations of *** To seek variables involving leukocyte balances in peripheral blood and tumour tissues and to predict the outcome of CRC *** Sixty-five patients diagnosed with colon adenocarcinoma by the Digestive Surgery Service of the La Paz University Hospital(Madrid,Spain)were enrolled in this study:43 with RCRC and 22 with *** were followed-up from January 2017 to March 2021 to record overall survival(OS)and recurrence-free survival(RFS)after surgical *** concentrations in peripheral blood were determined by routine laboratory ***-fixed samples of tumour and peritumoural tissues were assessed for leukocyte concentrations by immunohistochemical detection of CD4,CD8,and CD14 marker *** of leukocyte concentration in blood and tissues were calculated and evaluated for their predictor values for OS and RFS with Spearman correlations and Cox univariate and multivariate proportional hazards regression,followed by the calculation of the receiver-operating characteristic and area under the curve(AUC)and the determination of Youden’s optimal cutoff values for those variables that significantly correlated with either RCRC or LCRC patient *** patients from the cohort were randomly assigned to modelling and validation sets,and clinician-friendly nomogra

关键词： Left colorectal cancer Leukocyte ratios Prognostic variables Recurrence-free survival Right colorectal cancer Overall survival

Glycated hemoglobin and antidiabetic strategies as risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第24期16卷 3025-3032页

作者： Valter Donadon Massimiliano Balbi Francesca valent Angelo Avogaro Department of Medicine Internal Medicine 3rdPordenone Hospital Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology Udine University Hospital Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Padova University

AIM: To evaluate the relationship between glycemic control [assessed by glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c)], antidiabetic therapies and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).METHODS: We recruited 465 patients with HCC, 618 cases with liver cirrhosis and 490 controls with no liver disease. Among subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), the associations between the antidiabetic strategies and HbA1c level with HCC were determined through 2 series of multivariate logistic regression models using cirrhotic patients and controls as comparison groups. RESULTS: DM2 prevalence was 31.2% in patients with HCC, 23.2% in cirrhotic patients and 12.6% in controls (P n 86% of study subjects, DM2 had been diagnosed for more than 1 year before the HCC diagnosis. HCC patients with DM2 had a 1.52.5fold increased risk of liver cancer. The HbA1c mean levels were signif icantly higher in DM2 patients with HCC than in cirrhoticand control DM2 patients. Antidiabetic treatment with metformin was more common among cirrhotic and control DM2 subjects than among cases with HCC. In both series of multivariate analyses, treatment with metformin signif icantly reduced the risk of HCC by more than 80% compared with sulphonylureas and insulin therapy. no signif icant differences were seen between sulphonylureas and insulin treatment. Elevated HbA1c levels were positively related to the risk for HCC in diabetic patients, with a 26%50% increase in risk for each 1% increase in HbA1c ***: In patients with preexisting DM2, the risk of HCC is positively associated with poor chronic glycemic control and significantly decreased by metformin therapy.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Type 2 diabetes mellitus Glycemic control Metformin therapy HbA1c level

Statistical learning of engineered topological phases in the kagome superlattice of AV_(3)Sb_(5)

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 624-629页

作者： Thomas Mertz Paul Wunderlich Shinibali Bhattacharyya Francesco Ferrari Roser valentí Institut für Theoretische Physik Goethe-UniversitätFrankfurt am MainGermany

Recent experimental findings have reported the presence of unconventional charge orders in the enlarged(2×2)unit-cell of kagome metals AV3Sb5(A=K,Rb,Cs)and hinted towards specific topological *** by these discoveries,we investigate the types of topological phases that can be realized in such kagome *** this context,we employ a recently introduced statistical method capable of constructing topological models for any generic *** analyzing large data sets generated from symmetry-guided distributions of randomized tight-binding parameters,and labeled with the corresponding topological index,we extract physically meaningful *** illustrate the possible real-space manifestations of charge and bond modulations and associated flux patterns for different topological classes,and discuss their relation to present theoretical predictions and experimental signatures for the AV_(3)Sb_(5)***,we predict higher-order topological phases that may be realized by appropriately manipulating the currently known systems.

关键词： topological signature meaningful

Recent progress on oxygen and hydrogen peroxide reduction reactions on Pt single crystal electrodes

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Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2020年第5期41卷 732-738页

作者： valentín Briega-Martos Enrique Herrero Juan M.Feliu 阿利坎特大学电化学研究所阿利坎特西班牙

The oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)is probably the most important cathodic process in electrocatalysis because of its universal role as comburent in life and key applications in several fields such as fuel cells,corrosion processes or lithium-air *** many experimental and theoretical investigations that have been carried out during the last years and contributed to improve the knowledge about this reaction,the complete mechanism for the ORR is not elucidated yet[1].The ORR involves the exchange of 4 electrons and 4 protons for the complete reduction of O2 to water(Eq.1).The reaction mechanism is complex and implies the formation of several intermediates involving O=O bond scission and O–H bond formation.

关键词：巯基金纳米簇金属氧化物载体巯基配体一氧化碳氧化

Glycaemic control, antidiabetic medications and influenza vaccination coverage among patients with diabetes in Udine, Italy

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2019年第3期7卷 61-67页

作者： Francesca valent Annarita Tullio Igiene ed Epidemiologia Clinica Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di UdineUdineItaly

Objective The objectives of this study were to estimate influenza vaccination coverage among patients with diabetes mellitus in an Italian 250000-inhabitant area in the 2017-2018 season and to assess whether glycaemic control and pharmacological treatment were associated with the likelihood of being *** In this cross-sectional study,we analysed anonymous health administrative databases,linked with each other at the individual patient level through a stochastic key:diabetes mellitus registry,vaccinations,drug prescriptions and laboratory *** The study was conducted in the catchment area of the University Hospital of Udine(‘the Udine area’),a 250000-inhabitant area in the northeast of *** The study included all subjects included in the regional registry of patients with diabetes mellitus,living in the Udine area as of 1 October *** outcome measures Vaccination coverage in the 2017-2018 influenza season was *** association between patients’characteristics and the likelihood of being vaccinated was assessed through multivariate log binomial *** 53.0%of 15900 patients with diabetes living in the area were *** increased with age,approaching 75%at≥85 *** lacking recent glycated haemoglobin testing were less likely to be vaccinated(43.4%vaccination coverage),as were those not treated pharmacologically(44.4%vaccination coverage).Patients treated with both insulin,metformin and other antidiabetic medications were more likely to be vaccinated than those treated with metformin alone(58.1%vaccination coverage;adjusted relative risk=1.07,95%CI 1.01 to 1.14).Conclusion Influenza vaccination coverage was suboptimal in this Italian population of patients with *** to improve diabetes management could in turn positively affect influenza coverage.

关键词： vaccination patients influenza