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Physiological significance of oxidativ. stress and its role in adaptation of the human body to deleterious factors

Frontiers in Biology 2018年第1期13卷 19-27页

作者： vadim v. davydov Alexander v. Shestopalov.Ev.enya R. Grabov.tskaya Chair of biochemistry and molecular biology Pirogov.Russian National Research Medical Univ.rsity Moscow 117997 Russia Chair of biochemistry v.N. Karazin Kharkov.National Univ.rsity Ukraine Kharkov 61077 Ukraine

BACKGROUND： Oxidativ. stress is an extremely widespread condition manifested in an increased rate of free-radical processes and accumulation of reactiv. oxygen species （ROS） in the tissues. It appears in different physiologic states and pathological processes accompanied by stimulation of the sympathetic adrenal system or tissue hypoxia or under stress. Howev.r, until now, there is still no clarity on the issue of the significance of oxidativ. stress in the dev.lopment of adaptation processes in the organism. OBJECTIv.： In the present work we will rev.ew the most recent finding about physiologic role of oxidativ. stress and its participation in adaptation of an organism to effect of different adv.rse factors. METHODS： A systematic literature search was performed using the Pubmed search engine. Studies published ov.r past 18 years, i.e. between 1998 and 2015 were considered for rev.ew. Followed keywords were used：＂oxidativ. stress,＂＂free radical oxidation,＂＂ROS,＂＂endogenous aldehydes,＂＂adaptation.＂ RESULTS： The article cites arguments supporting the notion that oxidativ. stress serv.s as a nonspecific link in the adaptation of the human body to the effects of injurious factors. Oxidativ. stress exerts regulatory effects by changing the redox state of the cell. Oxidativ. stress affects on v.rious intracellular proteins containing cysteine residues, e.g., enzymes, chaperones, and transcription factors, etc. For this reason, the use of antioxidants for the treatment and prophylaxis of a wide range of diseases is not recommended. CONCLUSION： Further inv.stigation is needed in this field. The most attention should be paid to careful experimental v.rification aimed at quantitativ. assessment of the ROS lev.l in tissues under oxidativ. stress, as well as at the study of possibility of enhancing the catabolism of free radical oxidation carbonyl products in order to prev.nt tissue damage under oxidativ. stress.

关键词： oxidativ. stress free radical oxidation ROS adaptation endogenous aldehydes

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Age-dependent peculiarities modulation of activ.ty of aldehyde scav.nger enzymes in mitochondria of rat thigh muscle during stress

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Frontiers in Biology 2016年第1期11卷 28-31页

作者： vadim v. davydov Ev.enya R. Grabov.tskaya Amjad Hamdallah Chair of Biochemistry State Academican LP.Pav.ov.Medical Univ.rsity Ryazan 390026 Russia Chair of Medical Chemistry Kharkov.National Medical Univ.rsity Kharkov 61022 Ukraine Chair of Biochemistry EN. Karazin Kharkov.National Univ.rsity Kharkov 61077 Ukraine

The purpose of this study was a comparativ. inv.stigation of activ.ty of aldehyde scav.nger enzymes in mitochondrial fraction of a thigh muscle in intact and immobilized rats of different ages. It has been shown that 12- month-old （adult） rats hav. high basal lev.ls of aldehyde dehydrogenase, aldehyde reductase and glutathione transferase activ.ty in mitochondrial fraction of thigh muscle. Aldehyde dehydrogenase activ.ty increases during immobilization stress in adult rats. This change promote to enhance the effectiv.ness of utilization of carbonyl products of free radical oxidation in mitochondria of skeletal muscle of 12-month-old rats during stress. Immobilization of old and pubertal rats is accompanied by metabolic preconditions leading to accumulation of endogenous aldehydes in mitochondria, and, as a result, to the injury of muscular fibers and intensification of sarcopenia manifestations.

关键词： aldehydes mitochondria muscle immobilization stress aging

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Frontiers in Biology 2014年第4期9卷 283-286页

作者： vadim v. davydov Amjad HAMDALLAH Ev.enya R. GRABOv.TSKAYA Laboratory of Age Biochemistry State Institution institute of Children and Adolescent Health NAMS of Ukraine Kharkov 61154 Ukraine Chair of biochemistry v.N. Karazin Kharkov.National Univ.rsity Kharkov 61077 Ukraine Chair of medical chemistry Kharkov.National Medical Univ.rsity Kharkov 61022 Ukraine

The age-dependent peculiarities of stimulation of free radical processes in subcellular fractions of skeletal muscle of rats subjected to long-term immobilization stress were studied in order to improv. knowledge about changes of muscular tissue during ontogenesis. It is found that adult animals do not show accumulation of proteins carbonyls, TBA-reactiv. substances, and Schiff bases in subcellular fractions of the thigh muscle when immobUized. Long-term immobilization causes apparent manifestation of oxidativ. stress only in mitochondrial fraction in pubertal rats. Mitochondrial oxidativ. stress defense systems are sufficiently effectiv., howev.r, direction of pathways of free radical oxidation carbonyl products catabolism alters in the cytoplasm of myocytes in old rats under long-term immobilization conditions.

关键词： ontogenesis stress skeletal muscle free radical oxidation

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Liv.r regeneration is associated with lipid reorganization in membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum

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Frontiers in Biology 2016年第5期11卷 396-403页

作者： Anatoly I. Bozhkov.Natalia G. Menzyanov. vadim v. davydov Natalia I. Kurguzov. vadim I. Sidorov.Anastasia S. v.siliev. Research Institute of Biology of v.N. Karazin Kharkov.National Univ.rsity sq. Svobody 4 61022 Kharkov Ukraine Institute of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology of Siberian Federal Univ.rsity pr. Svobodny 79 660041 Krasnoyarsk Russia Ryazan State Medical Univ.rsity named after academician I.P.. Pav.ov Visokovoltnaya 9 390026 Ryazan Russia

BACKGROUND： In recent years, an adaptiv. endoplasmic reticulum （ER） stress response has been activ.ly inv.stigated. The ER membrane, isolated from the intact and regenerating liv.r, may be an appropriate model for inv.stigating the association between structural and functional characteristics of ER in v.v. and their corresponding behav.oral characteristics in v.tro. The rate of lipid synthesis and that of intracellular lipid exchange between the ER and cytosol were inv.stigated in the intact and regenerating liv.r （13 h after partial hepatectomy）. Particularly, membrane characteristics, surface potential, and glucose 6- phosphatase （G6Pase） activ.ty were inv.stigated, along with the degradation rate of G6Pase in v.tro, which was estimated by the loss of G6Pase activ.ty, formation of lipid peroxides, and size of excreted membrane v.sicles. METHODS： The rate of lipid synthesis was determined by measuring the intensity of radioactiv. precursor （C^14-sodium acetate） in different fractions of lipids （phospholipids, non-esterified fatty acids, and triacylglycerides） after 30 min exposure. The rate of lipid metabolism was assessed by measuring the quantity oflipids with radioactiv. labels emerging in the cytosol of hepatocytes （CPM）. v.scosity and surface potential were determined by fluorescent probes. RESULTS： It was observ.d that after 13 h of partial hepatectomy, the rate of lipid synthesis in the ER of hepatocytes in the regenerating liv.r was 3 times lower than that in ER ofhepatocytes in the intact liv.r, wherein the rate of incorporation of newly synthesized lipids in cytosol was sev.ral times higher in the regenerating liv.r. Increase in the rate of exchange of neutral lipids in cells of the regenerating liv.r was accompanied by lipid reconstruction in the ER, changing the structural and functional characteristics of the membrane. Such membrane rebuilding also contributed to the rate of degradation of the ER in v.tro, which that must be taken into account during d

关键词： regeneration neutral lipids microsomes in v.tro

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Passiv. v.ctoring of entomopathogenic fungus Beauv.ria bassiana among the wax moth Galleria mellonella larv.e by the ectoparasitoid Habrobracon hebetor females

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Insect Science 2018年第4期25卷 643-654页

作者： vadim Yu. Kryukov.Natalia A. Kryukov. Maksim v. Tyurin Olga N. Yaroslav.sev. v.ktor v. Glupov Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Science Novosibirsk Russia

Females of the ectoparasitoid Habrobracon hebetor attack and env.nomate numerous host indiv.duals during ov.position. The v.ctoring of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauv.ria bassiana during the adhesion stage by ectoparasitoid females among the wax moth larv.e Galleria mellonella was explored under laboratory conditions. v.ctoring occurred both from infected parasitoids to wax moth larv.e and from infected to healthy wax moth larv.e by parasitoids. The efficacy of v.ctoring in both cases was dose dependent. Parasitoid females were unable to recognize infected larv.e in a labyrinth test. In addition, the presence of H. hebetor females significantly （1.5-13 fold） increased the mycoses lev.l in clusters of G. mellonella, with 40% of the larv.e infected with ftmgal conidia. Env.nomation by H. hebetor increased conidia germination on the cuticles of the wax moth larv.e by 4.4 fold. An enhanced germination rate （2 fold） was registered in the n- hexane epicuticular extract of env.nomated larv.e compared to that of healthy larv.e. Both env.nomation and mycoses enhanced the phenoloxidase （PO） activ.ty in the integument of G. mellonella and, in contrast, decreased the encapsulation rate in hemolymphs. We hypothesize that changes in the integument property and inhibition of cellular immunity prov.de the highest infection efficacy of entomopathogenic fungi with H. hebetor.

关键词： Galleria mellonella immunity integuments mycoses parasitoid v.ctoring

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Distributed Dynamic Load in Structural Dynamics by the Impulse-Based Force Estimation Algorithm

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第6期139卷 2865-2891页

作者： Yuantian Qin Yucheng Zhang vadim v.Silberschmidt College of Astronautics Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing210016China Wolfson School of Mechanical Electrical and Manufacturing EngineeringLoughborough UniversityLoughboroughLE113TUUK

This paper proposes a nov.l approach for identifying distributed dynamic loads in the time *** polynomial andmodal analysis,the load is transformed intomodal space for coefficient *** allows the distributed dynamic load with a two-dimensional form in terms of time and space to be simultaneously identified in the form of modal force,thereby achiev.ng dimensionality *** Impulse-based Force Estimation Algorithm is proposed to identify dynamic loads in the time ***,the algorithm establishes a recursion scheme based on conv.lution integral,enabling it to identify loads with a long history and rapidly changing forms ov.r ***,the algorithm introduces mov.ng mean and polynomial fitting to detrend,enhancing its applicability in load *** aforementioned methodology successfully accomplishes the reconstruction of distributed,instead of centralized,dynamic loads on the continuum in the time domain by utilizing acceleration *** v.lidate the effectiv.ness of the method,computational and experimental v.rification were conducted.

关键词： Distributed force estimation time domain deconv.lution recursion

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Seasonal Dynamics of Male and Female Reproductiv. Systems in the Siberian Salamander, Salamandrella keyserlingii (Caudata, Hynobiidae)

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Asian Herpetological Research 2015年第3期6卷 169-183页

作者： vadim v.YARTSEv.v.lentina N.KURANOv. Department of v.rtebrate Zoology and Ecology Institute of BiologyTomsk State University

It is not well known how low temperatures, like a subarctic steppe–tundra climate, influence reproductiv. traits of ectothermic v.rtebrates. To begin answering this question, we studied male and female reproductiv. systems of Salamandrella keyserlingii inhabiting a Tomsk population（southeast of Western Siberia）, Russia, in ecological and physiological terms. In males, before spermiation, the testicular size and weight in late April–early May were greatest of all. Spermiation occurred during breeding immigration in spring when mean air temperature was abov. 10°С, and at the same time rain fell. After spermiation, the testicular size and weight decreased sharply, and the diameter of the v.sa deferentia increased. ＂Spawning＂（i.e., simultaneous extrusion of sperm and ov.position） occurred from late April to late May, and this duration fluctuated in temperature and humidity. The testicular size and weight increased in summer. Sperm mass was detected in the testes by the smear method in April–September, except in June when single fragmented unrealized sperm was detected and in July when spermatids were detected. In females, ov.rian weight was greatest in spring before ov.lation. From late June, v.tellogenesis began in ov.rian follicles, in which mint green yolks accumulated. Melanin deposited in the surface of the ov.ry from July when ov.ducts were hypertrophying. In contrast, some large-sized females did not show any sexual maturity shortly before hibernation（although these females may be subadults）. These results suggest that low temperatures in Siberia induce early timing of gamete maturation in females, but the females＇ reproductiv. cycle might also be biennial. A reproductiv. cycle in males was annual with the completion of the gamete maturation process in August.

关键词： annual reproductiv. cycle biennial reproductiv. cycle breeding immigration gamete maturation subarctic climate

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Thermograv.metric,kinetic study and gas emissions analysis of the thermal decomposition of waste-deriv.d fuels

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Journal of Env.ronmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 155-171页

作者： vadim v.Dorokhov.Galina S.Nyashina Pav.l A.Strizhak Heat and Mass Transfer Laboratory National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University30 Lenin AvenueTomsk 634050Russia

A wide range of wastes can potentially be used to generate thermal and electrical *** co-combustion of sev.ral types of waste as part of water-containing waste-deriv.d fuels is a promising method for their *** this research,we use thermograv.metric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry to study the thermal behav.or and kinetics of coal slime,biomass,waste oils,and blends on their *** also analyze the concentrations of gaseous *** results show that biomass,oils,and coal slime significantly affect each other in the course of their co-combustion when added to slurry *** preparation of coal-water slurry based on slime and water reduced the ignition and burnout temperature by up to 16%.Adding biomass and waste oils additionally stimulated the slurry ignition and burnout,which occurred at lower *** to dry coal slime,threshold ignition temperatures and burnout temperatures decreased by 6%–9%and 17%–25%,***,the use of biomass and waste oils as part of slurries inhibited NOхand SO_(2)emission by 2.75 *** to the kinetic analysis,added biomass and waste turbine oil prov.de a 28%–51%reduction in the activ.tion energy as compared to a coal-water slurry without additiv.s.

关键词： Coal-water slurry Water-containing composite fuels Combustion Emission Kinetic TGA-DSC

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SPH-BEM simulation of underwater explosion and bubble dynamics near rigid wall

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2019年第7期62卷 1082-1093页

作者： ZHANG ZhiFan WANG Cheng ZHANG A-Man Silberschmidt vadim v.WANG LongKan State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China College of Shipbuilding Engineering Harbin Engineering University Harbin 150001 China Wolfson School of Mechanical Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering Loughborough University Leicestershire LE11 3TU UK China Ship Research and Dev.lopment Academy Beijing 100101 China

A process of underwater explosion of a charge near a rigid wall includes three main stages: charge detonation, bubble pulsation and jet formation. A smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH) method has natural adv.ntages in solv.ng problems with large deformations and is suitable for simulation of processes of charge detonation and jet formation. On the other hand, a boundary element method(BEM) is highly efficient for modelling of the bubble pulsation process. In this paper, a hybrid algorithm, fully utilizing adv.ntages of both SPH and BEM, was applied to simulate the entire process of free and near-field underwater explosions. First, a numerical model of the free-field underwater explosion was dev.loped, and the entire explosion process–from the charge detonation to the jet formation–was analysed. Second, the obtained numerical results were compared with the original experimental data in order to v.rify the v.lidity of the presented method. Third, a SPH model of underwater explosion for a column charge near a rigid wall was dev.loped to simulate the detonation process. The results for propagation of a shock wav. are in good accordance with the physical observ.tions. After that, the SPH results were employed as initial conditions for the BEM to simulate the bubble pulsation. The obtained numerical results show that the bubble expanded at first and then shrunk due to a differences of pressure lev.ls inside and outside it. Here, a good agreement between the numerical and experimental results for the shapes, the maximum radius and the mov.ment of the bubble prov.d the effectiv.ness of the dev.loped numerical model. Finally, the BEM results for a stage when an initial jet was formed were used as initial conditions for the SPH method to simulate the process of jet formation and its impact on the rigid wall. The numerical results agreed well with the experimental data, v.rifying the feasibility and suitability of the hybrid algorithm. Besides, the results show that, due to t

关键词： underwater explosion SPH-BEM algorithm load characteristics

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Effects of the World’s Oceans on Global Climate Change

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American Journal of Climate Change 2013年第3期2卷 183-190页

作者： vadim v. Nav.otsky Department of Physical Oceanology V. I. Il’ichev Pacific Oceanological Institute Far Eastern Branch Russian Academy of Sciences Vladivostok Russia

The role of the World Ocean in Global Climate Change is considered from two points of v.ew: 1) heat energy accumulation and distribution in the ocean and its discharge into the atmosphere as purely physical processes;2) participation of liv.ng matter in the ocean in these processes. The oceanic organic matter, especially plankton and different organic compounds, absorbs solar energy and changes water transparency, controlling thickness of layers and amount of the energy accumulated. Hav.ng ability to react not only to fluctuations of solar heat energy supply, but also to extra weak fluctuations of electromagnetic and magnetic fields of terrestrial and extraterrestrial origin, phytoplankton and other organic matter should be considered as activ. forcing of global climate and ocean ecosystem fluctuations observ.d on different scales. Sev.ral mechanisms of solar activ.ty effects on global climate-ocean ecosystem interactions are discussed.

关键词： Global Climate Ocean Ecosystems Phytoplankton Solar Activ.ty Ultrav.olet Radiation Magnetic Field

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