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Rice science 2015年第6期22卷 300-308页

作者： S.J.S.RAMA DEvI Kuldeep SINGH B.UMAKANTH B.vISHALAKSHI P.RENUKA K.vIJAY SUDHAKAR M.S.PRASAD B.C.vIRAKTAMATH v.ravindra babu M.S.MADHAv Biotechnology Crop ImprovementIndian Institute of Rice ResearchIndian Council of Agriculture Research School of Agricultural Biotechnology Punjab Agricultural University Plant Pathology Indian Institute of Rice ResearchIndian Council of Agriculture Research

To develop and characterize introgression lines for leaf and neck blast resistance, 326 introgression lines were developed using various accessions of six different AA genome wild species in the genetic background of elite Indian varieties like PRl14 and Pusa 44 and were screened for blast resistance. Stringent phenotyping coupled with genotyping using gene based markers led to the identification of four resistant introgression lines, which showed promising resistance and do not possess any of the tested genes. Furthermore, multi-location screening confirmed the field resistance of the four introgression lines to both leaf and neck blast. Molecular characterization of these introgression lines using genome-wide simple sequence repeat markers revealed the presence of small percentage of wild Oryza genome introgrssion. So these lines can be used for mapping and identification of novel leaf and neck blast resistance genes. Thus, these four introgression lines can be considered as new genetic resources for blast resistance.

关键词： rice blast resistance introgression line gene profiling wild species

使用多级氧化方法高效氧化溶液中的硫代硫酸盐(英文)

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2024年

作者：徐浩然黄伟超 Annavarapu v.ravindra Duclenh PHAN Thiquynhxuan LE 张利波尹少华昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院中国稀土(广西)金源稀土新材料有限公司 Department of Physics and Nanotechnology， Faculty of Engineering and Technology， SRM Institute of Science and Technology Science and Technology Center， MienTrung Industry and Trade College

脱硫溶液的氧化是烟气脱硫中至关重要的过程。现有的硫代硫酸盐脱硫液氧化工艺存在脱除效率低、容易产生硫磺杂质、氧化剂用量大等缺点。本工作采用热力学计算和模拟脱硫溶液实验，分别研究了亚硫酸盐和硫代硫酸盐在氧气和过硫酸盐氧化... 详细信息

脱硫溶液的氧化是烟气脱硫中至关重要的过程。现有的硫代硫酸盐脱硫液氧化工艺存在脱除效率低、容易产生硫磺杂质、氧化剂用量大等缺点。本工作采用热力学计算和模拟脱硫溶液实验，分别研究了亚硫酸盐和硫代硫酸盐在氧气和过硫酸盐氧化剂作用下氧化特性的差异。随后，提出了一种新的氧气-过硫酸铵多级氧化方法，并将其应用于实际脱硫溶液的氧化。结果表明，实际脱硫液中硫代硫酸盐和亚硫酸盐的浓度分别从48.76和61.76 g/L降至2.24和0.02 g/L，得到的硫酸铵产品为白色，颗粒均匀。此外，与单独使用过硫酸铵相比，多级氧化法可减少37.56%的过硫酸铵添加量，降低28.13%的处理成本。

关键词：过硫酸铵氧气硫代硫酸盐脱硫溶液成本对比

Polyvinyl Acetate and vinyl Acetate-Ethylene Hybrid Adhesive: Synthesis, Characterization, and Properties

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Open Journal of Polymer Chemistry 2024年第1期14卷 1-18页

作者： ravindra v. Gadhave Department of Polymer and Surface Engineering Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai India

The goal is to develop a hybrid IPN network of polyvinyl acetate (PvAc) and ethylene-vinyl acetate (vAE). In this research work, the vinyl acetate (vAc)/ vAE hybrid emulsion and polyvinyl acetate emulsion (PvAc) were effectively synthesized. Emulsions with various characteristics have been developed by adjusting the weight ratios between the vinyl acetate monomer and the vAE component. The impacts on the mechanical, thermal, and physical properties of the films were investigated using tests for pencil hardness, tensile shear strength, pH, contact angle measurement, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and viscosity. When 5.0 weight percent vAE was added, the tensile shear strength in dry conditions decreased by 18.75% after a 24-hour bonding period, the heat resistance decreased by 26.29% (as per WATT 91) and the tensile shear strength decreased by approximately 36.52% in wet conditions (per EN 204). The pristine sample’s results were also confirmed by the contact angle test. The interpenetrating network (IPN) formation in hybrid PvAc emulsion as primary bonds does not directly attach to PvAc and vAE chains. The addition of vAE reduced the mechanical properties (at dry conditions) and heat resistance as per WATT 91. Contact angle analysis demonstrated that PvAc adhesives containing vAE had increased water resistance when compared to conventional PvA stabilised PvAc homopolymer-based adhesives. When compared to virgin PvAc Homo, the water resistance of the PvAc emulsion polymerization was enhanced by the addition of vAE.

关键词： Ethylene-vinyl Acetate Dispersion Polyvinyl Acetate Hybrid Wood Adhesive

Indoor Formaldehyde Removal Techniques through Paints: Review

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Green and Sustainable Chemistry 2024年第1期14卷 1-15页

作者： Prajyot Dhawale ravindra v. Gadhave Department of Polymer and Surface Engineering Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai India

Due to its ability to cause illnesses and discomfort even at low concentrations, formaldehyde pollution of indoor air poses a significant risk to human health. Sources of formaldehyde in indoor environments include textiles, paints, wallpapers, glues, adhesives, varnishes, and lacquers;furniture and wooden products like particleboard, plywood, and medium-density fiberboard that contain formaldehyde-based resins;shoe products;cosmetics;electronic devices;and other consumer goods like paper products and insecticides. According to the World Health Organisation, indoor formaldehyde concentrations shouldn’t exceed 0.1 mg/m3. The methods include membrane separation, plasma, photocatalytic decomposition, physisorption, chemisorption, biological and botanical filtration, and catalytic oxidation. Materials based on metal oxides and supported noble metals work as oxidation catalysts. Consequently, a paint that passively eliminates aldehydes from buildings can be developed by adding absorbents and formaldehyde scavengers to the latex composition. It will be crucial to develop techniques for the careful detection and removal of formaldehyde in the future. Additionally, microbial decomposition is less expensive and produces fewer pollutants. The main goal of future research will be to develop a biological air quality control system that will boost the effectiveness of formaldehyde elimination. The various methods of removing formaldehyde through paints have been reviewed here, including the use of mixed metal oxides, formaldehyde-absorbing emulsions, nano titanium dioxide, catalytic oxidation, and aromatic formaldehyde abating materials that can improve indoor air quality.

关键词： Formaldehyde Absorption Paints Catalytic Oxidation Nanofillers

Polyurethane Hybrid-Based Wood Adhesive: Review

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Open Journal of Polymer Chemistry 2024年第1期14卷 41-62页

作者： Rahul Khandagale Sainath Gadhave ravindra v. Gadhave Super Bond Adhesives Private Limited Thane India

Based on commercially available polyvinyl alcohol (PvA) stabilised polyvinyl acetate (PvAc), emulsion adhesives are neither heat nor moisture-resistant and show weak strength at high relative humidity and high temperatures. Pre- or post-crosslinking is another method used to manufacture a conventional vinyl-based homopolymers or copolymers system with improved water resistance. vinyl neodecanoate (veova), N-methylolacrylamide (NMA), Methacrylamide, methacrylic acid (MAA), and other self-crosslinking comonomers are typically inserted to produce highly water-resistant vinyl based homopolymers or copolymers. Additionally, organic crosslinkers like glyoxal, glutaraldehyde, citric acid, tartaric acid, and the like, as well as inorganic crosslinkers like acidic metal salts like aluminium chloride, aluminium nitrate, boric acid, and the like, can be used to prepare the highly water-resistant vinyl based homopolymers or copolymers. It is also possible to combine the self-crosslinking comonomers with the organic crosslinkers. Recently, a different hybrid chemistry has been developed that improves lap shear strength, has outstanding water resistance, good durability, and doesn’t require any additional crosslinker agents. Two distinct polymers were combined to develop hybrid polymers. They usually involve mixing an organic polymer with a polymer. There are many capping agents that are used for polyurethanes to produce acrylics that are capped with polyurethane and used as an oligomer in PvAc wood glue. Here, in this paper, we reviewed the different hybrid chemistry based on polyurethane chemistry for wood bonding applications.

关键词： vinyl Acetate Hybrid Polyurethane Wood Adhesive

Fatigue life prediction of gas metal arc welded crucifrom joints of AA7075 aluminium alloy failing from root region

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2011年第6期21卷 1210-1217页

作者： B. ravindra T. SENTHIL KUMAR v. BALASUBRAMANIAN Department of Mechanical Engineering Dr. Ambedkar Institute of Technology Near Jnana Bharathi Campus Department of Mechanical Engineering Anna University-Tiruchirappalli Centre for Materials Joining & Research (CEMAJOR) Department of Manufacturing Engineering Annamalai University

Empirical relationship was developed to predict the fatigue life of gas metal arc welded （GMAW） cruciform joints failing from root region. High strength, age hardenable aluminium alloy of AA7075-T6 grade was used as the base material. The design of experiments concept was used to optimize the required number of fatigue testing experiments. Fatigue experiment was conducted in a servo hydraulic controlled fatigue testing machine under constant amplitude loading. The empirical relationship was developed. By using the developed empirical relationship, the fatigue life of GMAW cruciform joints failing from root region was predicted at 95% confidence level. The effect of cruciform joint dimensions on fatigue life was discussed in detail.

关键词： aluminium alloy gas metal arc welding cruciform joint fatigue life

Design of Ultra-Low Power PMOS and NMOS for Nano Scale vLSI Circuits

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Circuits and Systems 2015年第3期6卷 60-69页

作者： Ashok babu Ch J. v. R. ravindra K. Lalkishore Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering SVIT Sec-Bad India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Vardhaman College of Engineering Hyderabad India Jawaharalal Nehru Technological University Anantapur India

CMOS devices play a major role in most of the digital design, since CMOS devices have larger density and consume less power. The integrated circuit performance mostly depends on the basic devices and its scaling methods, but in conventional CMOS devices in ultra deep submicron technology, leakage power becomes the major portion apart of dynamic power. The demerits of the conventional CMOS is less speed and, more leakage, for any digital design PDP is the figure of merit which can be used to determine energy consumed per switching event, hence we designed a NOvEL NMOS and PMOS which has superior performance than conventional PMOS and NMOS, the design and performance checked at 90 nm, 180 nm and 45 nm technology and calculate the performance values.

关键词： Power Delay Product Average Power Static Power Delay Dynamic Threshold CMOS

Radio Frequency Gluing Technique for Wood-to-Wood Bonding: Review

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Open Journal of Polymer Chemistry 2023年第2期13卷 15-26页

作者： ravindra v. Gadhave Super Bond Adhesives Private Limited Thane India

White glues, also referred to as polyvinyl acetate (PvAc) adhesives, are thermoplastics that soften when heated to a specific degree and re-harden when cooled. For general assembly tasks in the joinery business, such as edge gluing, wood veneer, and edge bonding, white glues have been used. White glue requires a prolonged setting time to achieve adequate handling strength as it solidifies through evaporation or absorption of water by the wood. Cold press and hot press techniques are used to bond wood substrates. Recently, white glue is frequently used as a wood adhesive with dielectric heating systems to prevent this and enhance production speeds. Radio frequency (RF) curing is merely a technique for heating glue lines in wood-to-wood joints. It considered a source of heat, like steam and electricity. In order to bond wood substrates with the least amount of clamping time, the RF produces a very rapid, uniform rise in temperature. In this review paper, we discussed the radio frequency curing technique, their mechanism and troubleshooting to achieve perfect wood bond in joinery segment.

关键词： Radio Frequency Curing Wood Adhesive Polyvinyl Acetate

Xanthan Gum—Bio-Based Raw Material for Wood Adhesive

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Green and Sustainable Chemistry 2023年第2期13卷 153-161页

作者： ravindra v. Gadhave Super Bond Adhesives Private Limited Thane India

Due to their lower environmental impact, ease of accessibility, low cost, and biodegradability, bio-renewable sources have been used extensively in the last several decades to synthesize adhesives, substituting petrochemical-based adhesive. vegetable oils (including palm, castor, jatropha, and soybean oils), lactic acid, potato starch, and other bio-renewable sources are all excellent sources for the synthesis of adhesives that are being taken into consideration for the synthesis of “eco-friendly” adhesives. Due to their widespread use, accessibility, affordability, and biodegradability, biobased raw materials like carbohydrates used to synthesize wood and wood composite adhesive have gradually replaced petrochemical-based adhesive. Recently, xanthan gum, a naturally occurring polymer, has drawn the interest of scientists as a potentially petroleum source replacement. It possesses specific rheological characteristics, excellent water solubility, and stability to heat, and can be used as a binder, thickener, suspending agent, and stabilizer. Xanthan gum increases the adhesive strength in addition to increasing the viscosity of water-soluble adhesives. This article discusses xanthan gum as a potential substitute for traditional raw materials derived from petroleum that is used as a raw material for adhesives.

关键词： Xanthan Gum Bio-Polymer Adhesive Wood Carbohydrates

Comparative Study of Effect of Addition of Calcium Carbonate and Clay on the Performance Properties of Polyvinyl Acetate Wood Glue

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Open Journal of Polymer Chemistry 2023年第1期13卷 1-13页

作者： ravindra v. Gadhave Department of Polymer and Surface Engineering Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai India

Polyvinyl alcohol (PvA) stabilized Polyvinyl acetate (PvAc) dispersions-based wood adhesive has poor water and heat resistance. Recently, the addition of fillers in the wood adhesive is one of the most effective ways to enhance the performance of PvAc wood adhesive. Inorganic fillers have unique characteristics to improve the performance of adhesive, such as small size, high surface energy and surface hardness. Hence, the present work investigates the applicability of calcium carbonate and clay incorporated 3% in situ emulsion polymerization PvAc wood adhesive. Effect on physical, thermal and mechanical properties was studied by viscosity, pH, contact angle measurement, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and pencil hardness test of films. Emulsions with 3% calcium carbonate and 3% clay were prepared and the shear strength of the applied adhesive on wood was measured. The viscosity of the adhesives was reduced in the case of the addition of calcium carbonate and increased in the case of clay. The mechanical properties like tensile strength of adhesives with calcium carbonate and clay were measured by a universal tensile machine (UTM). Thermal stability was studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The tensile shear strength demonstrates that clay can improve bonding strength as compared to calcium carbonate of PvAc adhesive in wet conditions. The hardness of PvAc films was also changed positively by the addition of calcium carbonate and clay. Thermal stability of PvAc was significantly improved as calcium carbonate and clay were added to PvAc. Here, we did a comparative study of the effect of the addition of calcium carbonate and clay filler materials in situ polymerization of PvAc on their different properties.

关键词： Polyvinyl Acetate Clay Calcium Carbonate Polyvinyl Alcohol Wood Adhesive