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Effect of corrosion behavior of cast and extruded ZK60 magnesium alloys processed via friction extrusion

Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第9期12卷 3553-3573页

作者： A.Sharma v.Beura D.Zhang J.Darsell S.Niverty v.prabhakaran N.Overman D.R.Herling v.Joshi K.Solanki School for Engineering of Matter Transportand EnergyArizona State UniversityTempeAZ 85287USA Pacific Northwest National Laboratory RichlandWAUSA

The increasing demand for high-strength,corrosion-resistant magnesium alloys in transportation has led to the development of new processing *** this work,cast and extruded ZK60 magnesium alloys were processed using the innovative solid-phase process,Friction Extrusion(FE).The microstructure was analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM),and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy(EDS),showing a marked reduction in grain size,uniform solute distribution(Zn and Zr),and second phases after FE ***,optical micrographs and Electron Backscatter Diffraction(EBSD)were employed to further evaluate the alloy *** corro-sion resistance and electrochemical behavior were analyzed using potentiodynamic polarization,Scanning Electrochemical Cell Impedance Microscopy(SECCIM),and atomic emission spectroelectrochemistry analysis(AESEC).Time evolution surface imaging and post-corrosion microstructures were also analyzed to support the understanding of underlying corrosion *** initiation and propagation in FE-processed samples followed grain boundary patterns,differing from cast and extruded ZK60 *** measurements and in-situ time-dependent optical imaging demonstrated that FE processing enhanced corrosion potential,reduced corrosion current,and increased cathodic ***,FE processing reduced the disparity in pitting potential between cast and extruded samples,resulting in intermediate pitting *** Mg and lower Zn dissolution was observed in the lower anodic currents for FE-processed *** aggravated anodic current cycles,Mg dissolution equalized,but the Zn/Mg dissolution ratio increased for FE-processed extruded samples,suggesting less cathodic activation and better resistance to further pitting.

关键词： Magnesium alloys Corrosion Atomic emission spectroelectrochemistry analysis Scanning electron microscopy

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Stability Analysis of Network Controlled Temperature Control System with Additive Delays

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2018年第3期114卷 321-334页

作者： v.venkatachalam D.prabhakaran Department of Chemical Engineering Coimbatore Institute of TechnologyCoimbatore-641014India

This paper presents,using Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional technique combined with reciprocal convex lemma is considered for a networked control temperature control system with additive *** the stability analysis,a new LK functional is assumed,and take the time-derivative of the(LK)functional,using reciprocal convex combination technique was employed to obtain less conservative stability ***,the proposed stability analysis culminates into a stability criterion in the LMI(linear matrix inequalities)*** results obtained are in accordance with the theoretically obtained in the temperature control system and they are closer to the standard benchmark temperature-control system.

关键词： Delay-dependent stability time-varying additive delays temperature control heat exchanger lyapunov-krasovskii functional linear matrix inequality reciprocal convex lemma

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Heavy metal pollution of river water and eco-friendly remediation using potent microalgal species

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Water Science and Engineering 2024年第1期17卷 41-50页

作者： Amudham Radha Amal Raj prabhakaran Mylsamy v.Sivasankar B.Sathish Kumar Kiyoshi Omine T.G.Sunitha Phycological Research Laboratory Research Department of BotanyPachaiyappa's College(Affiliated to University of Madras)Chennai 600030India Research Department of Chemistry Pachaiyappa's College(Affiliated to University of Madras)Chennai 600030India Department of Botany Sri Vidya Mandir Arts&Science College(Autonomous)KatteriUthangarai 636902India Department of Civil Engineering School of Engineering.Nagasaki UniversityNagasaki-Daigaku1-14 Bunkyo-machiNagasaki 8528521Japan

Pollution of rivers is mainly caused by anthropogenic activities such as discharge of effluent from industrial facilities,maintenance of sewage/effluent treatment plants,and dumping of solid waste on river *** study dealt with the pollution issues of the Cooum River in the well-known city of Chennai in South *** samples from 27 locations were collected and analyzed for 12 elements,including Ba,B,and Al,as well as heavy metals such as Pb,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,and *** samples showed levels of these elements that exceeded World Health Organization *** correlation analysis revealed the inter-dependency among elements,and the contribution of each element based on factor loadings showed its percentage contribution compared to *** samples from six significant locations were chosen for remediation with three algae:Chlorella vulgaris,Scenedesmus dimorphus,and Phormedium *** uptake of pollutants led to the continuous growth of algae during the incubation period of 15 d,effectively removing heavy metals from the river *** increasing levels of algal counts and the chlorophyll a content confirmed the algal growth during the incubation period,followed by a declining stage after the incubation *** scanning electron microscopic images of algae before and after the remediation showed no remarkable modification of morphological *** study showed that the uptake of heavy metals using algae is an effective water pollution remediation measure,making the process practicable in the field on a large scale in the near future.

关键词： Heavy metal Cooum river Phycoremediation Microalgae Factor analysis

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Critical role of OX40 signaling in the TCR-independent phase of human and murine thymic Treg generation

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2019年第2期16卷 138-153页

作者： prabhakaran Kumar Alejandra Marinelarena Divya Raghunathan vandhana K Ragothaman Shikha Saini Palash Bhattacharya Jilao Fan Alan L Epstein Ajay v Maker Bellur S Prabhakar Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of Illinois-College of MedicineChicagoILUSA Department of Pathology University of Southern California Keck School of MedicineLos AngelesCAUSA Department of Surgery Division of Surgical OncologyUniversity of Illinois-College of MedicineChicagoILUSA

Regulatory T cells(Tregs)play a pivotal role in immune-tolerance,and loss of Treg function can lead to the development of *** Tregs generated in the thymus substantially contribute to the Treg pool in the periphery,where they suppress self-reactive effector T cells(Teff)***,we showed that OX40L(TNFSF4)is able to drive selective proliferation of peripheral Tregs independent of canonical antigen presentation(CAP-independent)in the presence of low-dose ***,we hypothesized that OX40 signaling might be integral to the TCR-independent phase of murine and human thymic Treg(tTreg)*** of tTregs is a two-step process:Strong T-cell receptor(TCR)signals in combination with co-signals from the TNFRSF members facilitate tTreg precursor selection,followed by a TCR-independent phase of tTreg development in which their maturation is driven by ***,we investigated whether OX40 signaling could also play a critical role in the TCR-independent phase of tTreg ***40−/−mice had significantly reduced numbers of CD25−Foxp3low tTreg precursors and CD25+Foxp3+mature tTregs,while OX40L treatment of WT mice induced significant proliferation of these cell *** to tTeff cells,OX40 was expressed at higher levels in both murine and human tTreg precursors and mature *** ex vivo cultures,OX40L increased tTreg maturation and induced CAP-independent proliferation of both murine and human tTregs,which was mediated through the activation of AKT-mTOR *** novel findings show an evolutionarily conserved role for OX40 signaling in tTreg development and proliferation,and might enable the development of novel strategies to increase Tregs and suppress autoimmunity.

关键词： Thymic Tregs OX40L IL-2 Treg proliferation maturation

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Atomic Heterointerface Engineering of Nickel Selenide Confined Nickel Molybdenum Nitride for High-Performance Solar-Driven Water Splitting

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2023年第2期6卷 397-407页

作者： Jingqiang Wang Duy Thanh Tran Kai Chang Sampath prabhakaran Do Hwan Kim Nam Hoon Kim Joong Hee Lee Department of Nano Convergence Engineering Jeonbuk National UniversityJeonjuJeonbuk 54896Korea Division of Science Education Graduate School of Department of Energy Storage/Conversion EngineeringJeonbuk National UniversityJeonjuJeonbuk 54896Korea Carbon Composite Research Center Department of Polymer-Nano Science and TechnologyJeonbuk National UniversityJeonjuJeonbuk 54896Korea

A heterostructured electrocatalyst of small NiSe_(2) nanoparticles confined NiMoN nanorods(NiSe_(2)-NPs/NiMoN-NRs)is prepared to accelerate both the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)in a same alkaline *** synergistic effects caused by the combination of merits derived from NiSe_(2) and NiMoN phases trigger an optimum electronic structure with high density of state at near Fermi level and enhance adsorption free energy,thereby resulting in excellent catalytic activities and strengthened working *** catalyst requires a low overpotential of 58 mv for HER and 241 mv for OER to reach 10 mA cm^(−2) in 1.0 M KOH electrolyte.A twoelectrode electrolyzer based on the developed catalyst shows outstanding cell voltage of 1.51 and 1.46 v to reach 10 mA cm^(−2) in 1.0 M and 30 wt%KOH solution at 25℃ for overall water splitting,*** addition,the solardriven water splitting process delivers a high solar-to-H_(2) conversion efficiency of∼18.4%,impressively unveiling that the developed bifunctional catalyst is highly potential for overall water splitting to produce green hydrogen fuel.

关键词： Bifunctional electrocatalyst Novel NiSe_(2)/NiMoN heterostructures Solardriven water splitting Synergistic effects

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Structural properties of scaffolds:Crucial parameters towards stem cells differentiation

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2015年第4期7卷 728-744页

作者： Laleh Ghasemi-Mobarakeh Molamma P prabhakaran Lingling Tian Elham Shamirzaei-Jeshvaghani Leila Dehghani Seeram Ramakrishna Department of Textile Engineering Isfahan University of Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering2 Engineering Drive 3National University of Singapore Department of Medical Science Islamic Azad University Najafabad Branch Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center AlZ ahra Hospital Isfahan University of Medical Sciences

Tissue engineering is a multidisciplinary field that applies the principles of engineering and life-sciencesfor regeneration of damaged tissues. Stem cells have attracted much interest in tissue engineering as a cell source due to their ability to proliferate in an undifferentiated state for prolonged time and capability of differentiating to different cell types after induction. Scaffolds play an important role in tissue engineering as a substrate that can mimic the native extracellular matrix and the properties of scaffolds have been shown to affect the cell behavior such as the cell attachment, proliferation and differentiation. Here, we focus on the recent reports that investigated the various aspects of scaffolds including the materials used for scaffold fabrication, surface modification of scaffolds, topography and mechanical properties of scaffolds towards stem cells differentiation effect. We will present a more detailed overview on the effect of mechanical properties of scaffolds on stem cells fate.

关键词： Stem cells Tissue engineering Differentiation Mechanical properties Surface modification Topography

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Takotsubo cardiomyopathy:Pathophysiology and role of cardiac biomarkers in differential diagnosis

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World Journal of Cardiology 2017年第9期9卷 723-730页

作者： prabhakaran Gopalakrishnan Ramsha Zaidi Muhammad Rizwan Sardar Division of Cardiology Department of MedicineAultman HospitalCantonOH 44710United States

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy(TC) is characterized by reversible ventricular dysfunction, not limited to the distribution of an epicardial coronary artery. A disease primarily afflicting post-menopausal women, it is frequently mistaken for acute anterior wall myocardial infarction. Alternatively called Stress Cardiomyopathy, physical or emotional triggers are identified in only three fourths of TC patients. Long considered a benign condition, recent findings suggest poor short term prognosis similar to acute coronary syndrome(ACS). Despite the widely recognized pathophysiological role of catecholamine excess, its diagnostic role is uncertain. TC is suspected based on typical wall motion abnormalities in ventriculogram or echocardiogram. Several additional electrocardiographic, laboratory and imaging parameters have been studied with the goal of clinical diagnosis of TC. While several clinical clues differentiate it from ACS, a clinical diagnosis is often elusive leading to avoidable cardiac catheterizations. Natriuretic peptides(NPs), a family of peptide hormones released primarily in response to myocardial stretch, play a significant role in pathophysiology, diagnosis as well as treatment of congestive heart failure. TC with its prominent ventricular dysfunction is associated with a significant elevation of NPs. NPs are elevated in ACS as well but the degree of elevation is typically lesser than in TC. Markers of myocardial injury such as troponin are usually elevated to a higher degree in ACS than in TC. This differential elevation of NPs and markers of myocardial injury may play a role in early clinical recognition of TC.

关键词： Takotsubo cardiomyopathy Natriuretic peptide Brain natriuretic peptide N-terminal-probrain natriuretic peptide Troponin Cardiac biomarkers Acute myocardial infarction

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Effect of Fiber Sizing on Mechanical Properties of Carbon Reinforced Composites:A Review

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Organic Polymer Material Research 2019年第2期1卷 1-5页

作者： Mayank Agrawal R.T.Durai prabhakaran Indian Institute of Technology JammuJammu and KashmirIndia

Present study focuses on the carbon fiber sizing and their effect on overall mechanical properties of *** sizing are one of the most important component in the manufacturing of *** the sizing are so much of importance in the manufacturing and development of composites which governs mechanical properties such as strength and *** this review some of the important articles are referred from the widely dispersed *** review covers the sizing effect,adhesion between fiber and matrix and characterization of composites.

关键词： Carbon fiber Fiber sizings Composites

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Implications of discoveries from genome-wide association studies in current cardiovascular practice

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World Journal of Cardiology 2011年第7期3卷 230-247页

作者： Panniyammakal Jeemon Kerry Pettigrew Christopher Sainsbury Dorairaj prabhakaran Sandosh Padmanabhan Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences University of GlasgowGlasgowG12 8TAUnited Kingdom Centre for Chronic Disease Control New Delhi110016India Public Health Foundation of India New Delhi110070India Centre for Cardiometabolic Risk Reduction Strategies Centre of ExcellencePublic Health Foundation of IndiaNew Delhi110016India

Genome-wide association studies(GWAS)have identified several genetic variants associated with coronary heart disease(CHD),and variations in plasma lipoproteins and blood pressure(BP).Loci corresponding to CDKN2A/CDKN2B/ANRIL,MTHFD1L,CELSR2,PSRC1 and SORT1 genes have been associated with CHD,and TMEM57,DOCK7,CELSR2,APOB,ABCG5,HMGCR,TRIB1,FADS2/S3,LDLR,NCAN and TOMM40-APOE with total ***,CELSR2-PSRC1-SORT1,PCSK9,APOB,HMGCR,NCAN-CILP2-PBX4,LDLR,TOMM40-APOE,and APOC1-APOE are associated with variations in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ***,forty,forty three and twenty loci have been associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,triglycerides and BP phenotypes,*** of these identified loci are common for all the traits,some do not map to functional genes,and some are located in genes that encode for proteins not previously known to be involved in the biological pathway of the *** have been successful at identifying new and unexpected genetic loci common to diseases and traits,thus rapidly providing key novel insights into disease *** genotype information is fixed,with minimum biological variability,it is useful in early life risk ***,these variants explain only a small proportion of the observed variance of these ***,the utility of genetic determinants in assessing risk at later stages of life has limited immediate clinical *** future application of genetic screening will be in identifying risk groups early in life to direct targeted preventive measures.

关键词： Genome-wide association studies Cardiovascular disease Lipids Blood pressure

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Relationship between Nutritional Support and Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes in West Bengal, India

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2016年第4期4卷 213-219页

作者： Blesson Samue Tyson volkmann Sushma Cornelius Sugata Mukhopadhay MejoJose Kaushik Mitra Ajay M. v. Kumar John E. Oeltmann Sidhajyoti Parija Aslesh Ottapura prabhakaran Patrick K. Moonan vineet K. Chadha World vision India New Delhi India Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta USA Burdwan Medical College West Bengal India International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease South-East Asia Regional Office New Delhi India Southern Health Improvement Samity West Bengal India Department of Community Medicine Academy of Medical Sciences Pariyaram India Epidemiology and Research Division National Tuberculosis Institute Bangalore India

Introduction: Poverty and poor nutrition are associated with the risk of developing tuberculosis (TB). Socioeconomic factors may interfere with anti-tuberculosis treatment compliance and its outcome. We examined whether providing nutritional support (monthly supply of rice and lentil beans) to TB patients who live below the poverty line was associated with TB treatment outcome. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of sputum smear-positive pulmonary TB patients living below the poverty line (income of ved nutritional support with those who did not. A log-binomial regression model was used to assess the relation between nutritional support and unsuccessful treatment outcome (loss-to-follow-up, treatment failure and death). Results: Of 173 TB patients provided nutritional support, 15 (9%) had unsuccessful treatment outcomes, while 84 (21%) of the 400 not provided nutrition support had unsuccessful treatment outcomes (p vious treatment, those who received nutritional support had a 50% reduced risk of unsuccessful treatment outcome than those who did not receive nutritional support (Relative Risk: 0.51;95% Confidence Intervals: 0.30 - 0.86). Conclusion: Under programmatic conditions, monthly rations of rice and lentils were associated with lower risk of unsuccessful treatment outcome among impoverished TB patients. Given the relatively small financial commitment needed per patient ($10 per patient per month), the national TB programme should consider scaling up nutritional support among TB patients living below the poverty line.

关键词： Nutritional Support Poverty Pulmonary Tuberculosis India

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