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Prevalence of Multidrug Resistant Enterococci in a Tertiary Care Hospital in India: A Growing Threat

Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2014年第1期4卷 11-15页

作者： nita Gangurde Manisha Mane Sunita Phatale Dr. v. P. Medical College Hospital & RC Nashik India ESIC-Medical College PGIMSR Chennai India

Introduction: Enterococci are members of the healthy human intestinal flora, but are also leading causes of highly antibiotic-resistant infections. Serious enterococcal infections are often difficult to treat since the organisms have a tremendous capacity to acquire resistance to penicillin, high concentration of aminoglycoside & vancomycin. Careful review of in vitro susceptibility data is required to treat infections caused by MDR Enterococci. Therefore we conducted the study to find out prevalence of MDR Enterococci. Aims & Objectives: To study the prevalence of vancomycin resistance, High Level Streptomycin Resistance (HLSR) & High Level Gentamicin Resistance (HLGR) in different enterococcal isolates. Materials & Methods: Total 180 enterococcal isolates were studied. Identification was done by conventional biochemical methods. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method on Mueller–Hinton agar and results were interpreted as per CLSI guidelines. HLSR & HLGR was determined by disc diffusion method using high level Gentamicin disc (120 μg) & Streptomycin (300 μg) discs. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination for vancomycin was done by vancomycin E test strips. Results: Total 180 entetococcal isolates were studied. E. faecalis was 60%, E. faecium was 32.2%, E. durans and E. raffinosus were 4.4% & 3.3% respectively. Enterococcus fecium showed resistance in high percentage as compared to E. faecalis. 15 isolates were found to be vancomycin resistant. Conclusion: Resistance to aminoglycoside is of great concern. Regular screening of enterococcal isolates for vancomycin resistance detection should be implemented. It is very important to implement infection control measures, screening of health care workers, surveillance cultures in intensive care units which can control spread of multidrug resistant enterococci.

关键词： Enterococci HLGR HLSR vRE

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^(13)C-methacetin breath test reproducibility study reveals persistent CYP1A2 stimulation on repeat examinations

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第45期17卷 4979-4986页

作者： Anna Kasicka-Jonderko Anna nita Krzysztof Jonderko Magdalena Kamińska Barbara Bońska-Fajfrowska Department of Basic Biomedical Science School of Pharmacy Medical University of Silesia

AIM: To find the most reproducible quantitative parameter of a standard 13C-methacetin breath test (13C-MBT). METHODS: Twenty healthy volunteers (10 female, 10 male) underwent the 13C-MBT after intake of 75 mg 13C-methacetin p.o. on three occasions. Short-and medium-term reproducibility was assessed with paired examinations taken at an interval of 2 and 18 d (medians), respectively. RESULTS: The reproducibility of the 1-h cumulative 13C recovery (AUC0-60), characterized by a coefficient of variation of 10%, appeared to be considerably better than the reproducibility of the maximum momentary 13C recovery or the time of reaching it. Remarkably, as opposed to the short gap between consecutive examinations, the capacity of the liver to handle 13C-methacetin increased slightly but statistically significantly when a repeat dose was administered after two to three *** the AUC0-60, the magnitude of this fixed bias amounted to 7.5%. Neither the time gap between the repeat examinations nor the gender of the subjects affected the 13C-MBT reproducibility. CONCLUSION: 13C-MBT is most reproducibly quantified by the cumulative 13C recovery, but the exactitude thereof may be modestly affected by persistent stimulation of CYP1A2 on repeat examinations.

关键词： 13C-Methacetin Breath test Isotope application in medicine Liver Reproducibility

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Imaging of the treated breast post breast conservation surgery/oncoplasty: Pictorial review

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World Journal of Radiology 2017年第8期9卷 321-329页

作者： Subhash K Ramani Ashita Rastogi Abhishek Mahajan nita Nair Tanuja Shet Meenakshi H Thakur Department of Radiodiagnosis JJ Hospital Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging Tata Memorial Centre Department of Surgical Oncology Tata Memorial Centre Department of Pathology Tata Memorial Centre

Mammographic appearance of the normal breast is altered in the post-operative setting. It is essential to be aware of the normal findings as well as to identify features of recurrent disease with particular emphasis on radiologicalpathological concordance. Digital breast tomosynthesis and volumetric breast density add incremental value in this clinical setting. We present a pictorial review of various cases to illustrate normal post-operative findings as well as mammographic features suspicious for recurrent disease.

关键词： Mammography Digital breast tomosynthesis Breast conservation surgery Post breast-conserving therapy imaging Breast cancer

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Advanced gastric cancer:what we know and what we stillhave to learn

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第3期22卷 1139-1159页

作者： Federico Coccolini Giulia Montori Marco Ceresoli Simona Cima Maria Carla valli Gabriela E nita Arianna Heyer Fausto Catena Luca Ansaloni Department of General Surgery Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital24127 BergamoItaly Radiation Oncology Center Department of ExperimentalDiagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMESSant’Orsola-Malpighi HospitalUniversity of Bologna40138 BolognaItaly Maria Carla valli Radiation Oncology UnitOncology Institute of Southern Switzerland6500 BellinzonaSwitzerland University of California BerkeleyCA 94720-5800United States Department of General and Emergency Surgery Maggiore hospital43100 ParmaItaly

Gastric cancer is a common neoplastic disease and, more precisely, is the third leading cause of cancer death in the world, with differences amongst geographic areas. The definition of advanced gastric cancer is still debated. Different stadiating systems lead to slightly different stadiation of the disease, thus leading to variations between the single countries in the treatment and outcomes. In the present review all the possibilities of treatment for advanced gastric cancer have been analyzed. Surgery, the cornerstone of treatment for advanced gastric cancer, is analyzed first, followed by an investigation of the different forms and drugs of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. New frontiers in treatment suggest the growing consideration for intraperitoneal administration of chemotherapeutics and combination of traditional drugs with new ones. Moreover, the necessity to prevent the relapse of the disease leads to the consideration of administering intraperitoneal chemotherapy earlier in the therapeutical algorithm.

关键词： Advanced gastric cancer Chemotherapy Hypertermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy Intraperitoneal Surgery Definition

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“Diabegon”, a safe and effective polyherbal therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Translational Medicine 2013年第3期2卷 75-82页

作者： Sunil Mahajan nita Singh Senthil K Subramanian Pratibha Chauhan Sonali Saxena HM Goswamy GBKS Prasad Prakash S Bisen School of Studies in Biochemistry Jiwaji University School of Studies in Biotechnology Jiwaji University

AIM: To investigate the antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant functions of a polyherbal formulation, "Diabegon", in human subjects with type 2 diabetes ***: A total of 33 human subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus were recruited for the study and all anthropological and biochemical parameters were recorded at the time of registration. The subjects were given hot water extract obtained from 10 gm of "Diabegon" powder, "Diabegon kwath", on an empty stomach everyday in the morning under personal supervision for 6 mo. The therapeutic functions of the "Diabegon kwath" was assessed by monitoring the blood glucoselevels at monthly intervals and glycosylated hemoglobin, lipid profile and biomarkers of oxidative stress, liver and kidney function markers at three monthly intervals in the study subjects. RESULTS: Daily administration of hot water extract of "Diabegon" regularly for 6 mo resulted in significant reductions of blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels. There was also a significant increase in high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels with concomitant decreases in total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and very low density lipoprotein. A significant improvement in glycosuria and proteinuria was also observed. Also, the subjects exhibited a significant improvement in enzymatic and nonenzymatic biochemical markers of oxidative stress. The kidney and liver functions remained normal and in fact improved in many ***: The study which is first of its kind, advocates "Diabegon kwath" as a safe and effective Ayurvedic therapy for the treatment of human type 2 diabetes mellitus and further placebo controlled trial may substantiate the therapeutic efficacy of the formulation.

关键词： Type 2 diabetes mellitus Diabegon kwath Polyherbal formulation Oxidative stress Blood glucose Lipids Antiglycemic Antihyperlipidemic Antioxidant antidiabetic therapies

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Acute appendicitis: Epidemiology, treatment and outcomesanalysis of 16544 consecutive cases

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2016年第10期8卷 693-699页

作者： Marco Ceresoli Alberto Zucchi Niccolò Allievi Asaf Harbi Michele Pisano Giulia Montori Arianna Heyer Gabriela E nita Luca Ansaloni Federico Coccolini General Surgery Unit Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital24127 Bergamo Italy Epidemiology unit ATS Provincia Bergamo24128 Bergamo Italy University of California Berkeley CA 94720United States

AIM To investigate the epidemiology,treatment and outcomes of acute appendicitis(AA) in a large population *** This is a retrospective cohort study derived from the administrative dataset of the Bergamo district healthcare system(more than 1 million inhabitants) from 1997 to *** about treatment,surgery,length of stay were *** for each patients were registered data about relapse of appendicitis and hospital admission due to intestinal *** From 1997 to 2013 in the Bergamo district we collected 16544 cases of AA,with a crude incidence rate of 89/100000 inhabitants per year; mean age was 24.51 ± 16.17,54.7% were male and the mean Charlson's comorbidity index was 0.32 ± *** was ve hospital stay was 5.19 ± 3.36 d and 1.2% of patients had at least one further hospitalization due intestinal *** appendectomy was performed in 48% of *** of 5.34 the patients were treated conservatively with a mean length of stay of 3.98 ± 3.96 d; the relapse rate was 23.1% and the cumulative hospital stay during the study period was 5.46 ± 6.05 *** The treatment of acute appendicitis in Northern Italy is slowly changing,with the large diffusion of laparoscopic approach; conservative treatment of non-complicated appendicitis is still a neglected option,but rich of promising results.

关键词： Acute appendicitis Conservative treatment Epidemiology Laparoscopic appendectomy Intestinal obstruction

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