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Spectral characteristics of banded iron formations in Singhbhum craton,eastern India:Implications for hematite deposits on Mars

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Geoscience Frontiers 2016年第6期7卷 927-936页

作者： Mahima Singh jayant Singhal K.Arun Prasad v.j.rajesh Dwijesh Ray Priyadarshi Sahoo Department of Earth and Space Science Indian Institute of Space Science and TechnologyValiamala P.O.Thiruvananthapuram 695 547India physical Research Laboratory NavrangpuraAhmedabad 380009India Geological Survey of India State Unit:OdishaNuipalliBhubaneswar 751012India

Banded iron formations （BIFs） are major rock units having hematite layers intermittent with silica rich layers and formed by sedimentary processes during late Archean to mid Proterozoic time. In terrestrial environment, hematite deposits are mainly found associated with banded iron formations. The BIFs in Lake Superior （Canada） and Carajas （Brazil） have been studied by planetary scientists to trace the evolution of hematite deposits on Mars. Hematite deposits are extensively identified in Meridiani region on Mars. Many hypotheses have been proposed to decipher the mechanism for the formation of these deposits. On the basis of geomorphological and mineralogical studies, aqueous environment of deposition is found to be the most supportive mechanism for its secondary iron rich deposits. In the present study, we examined the spectral characteristics of banded iron formations of joda and Daitari located in Singhbhum craton in eastern India to check its potentiality as an analog to the aqueous/marine environment on Mars. The prominent banding feature of banded iron formations is in the range of few millimeters to few centimeters in thickness. Fe rich bands are darker （gray） in color compared to the light reddish jaspilitic chert bands. Thin quartz veins （〈4 mm） are occasionally observed in the handspecimens of banded iron formations. Spectral investigations have been conducted in vIS/NIR region of electromagnetic spectrum in the laboratory conditions. Optimum absorption bands identified include 0.65, 0.86, 1.4 and 1.9 μm, in which 0.56 and 0.86 μm absorption bands are due to ferric iron and 1.4 and 1,9 μm bands are due to OH/H2O. To validate the mineralogical results obtained from vlS/NIR spectral radiometry, laser Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic techniques were utilized and the results were found to be similar. Goethite-hematite association in banded iron formation in Singhbhum craton suggests dehydration activity, which has altered the primary iron ox

关键词： Banded iron formation Singhbhum craton vIS/NIR spectroscopy Raman spectroscopy Terrestrial analog Mars

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Experimental investigation and prediction of tribological behavior of unidirectional short castor oil fiber reinforced epoxy composites

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Friction 2021年第2期9卷 250-272页

作者： rajesh EGALA G v jAGADEESH Srinivasu Gangi SETTI Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology RaipurChhattisgarh 492010India Department of Mechanical Engineering Gudlavalleru Engineering CollegeGudlavalleruAndhra Pradesh 521356India

The present study aims at introducing a newly developed natural fiber called castor oil fiber,termed ricinus communis,as a possible reinforcement in *** short castor oil fiber reinforced epoxy resin composites of different fiber lengths with 40%volume fraction were fabricated using hand layup *** sliding wear tests were performed on a pin-on-disc tribometer based on full factorial design of experiments(DoE)at four fiber lengths(5,10,15,and 20 mm),three normal loads(15,30,and 45 N),and three sliding distances(1,000,2,000,and 3,000 m).The effect of individual parameters on the amount of wear,interfacial temperature,and coefficient of friction was studied using analysis of variance(ANOvA).The composite with 5 mm fiber length provided the best tribological properties than 10,15,and 20 mm fiber length *** worn surfaces were analyzed under scanning electron ***,the tribological behavior of the composites was predicted using regression,artificial neural network(ANN)-single hidden layer,and ANN-multi hidden layer *** confirmatory test results show the reliability of predicted *** with multi hidden layers are found to predict the tribological performance accurately and then followed by ANN with single hidden layer and regression model.

关键词： natural fiber castor oil fiber epoxy composite full factorial design of experiments(DoE) analysis of variance(ANOvA) prediction regression artificial neural network(ANN)

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NiCo_2O_4 Nano-/Microstructures as High-Performance Biosensors: A Review

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Nano-Micro Letters 2020年第9期12卷 258-309页

作者： rajesh Kumar Department of Chemistry Jagdish Chandra DAV College Dasuya Distt. Hoshiarpur 144205 Punjab India

Non-enzymatic biosensors based on mixed transition metal oxides are deemed as the most promising devices due to their high sensitivity,selectivity,wide concentration range,low detection limits,and excellent *** NiCo2O4 mixed oxides have drawn considerable attention recently due to their outstanding advantages including large specific surface area,high permeability,short electron,and ion diffusion *** of the rapid development of non-enzyme biosensors,the current state of methods for synthesis of pure and composite/hybrid NiCo2P4 materials and their subsequent electrochemical biosensing applications are systematically and comprehensively reviewed *** analysis reveals better electrochemical sensing of bioanalytes by one-dimensional and two-dimensional NiCo2O4 nano-/microstructures than other *** biosensing efficiency of NiCo2O4 as compared to corresponding individual metal oxides,*** and Co3O4,is attributed to the close intrinsic-state redox couples of Ni3+/Ni2+(0.58 v/0.49 v) and Co3+/Co2+(0.53 v/0.51 v).Biosensing performance of NiCo2O4 is also significantly improved by making the composites of NiCo2O4 with conducting carbonaceous materials like graphene,reduced graphene oxide,carbon nanotubes(single and multi-walled),carbon nanofibers;conducting polymers like polypyrrole(PPy),polyaniline(PANI);metal oxides NiO,Co3O4,SnO2,MnO2;and metals like Au,Pd,*** factors affecting the morphologies and biosensing parameters of the nano-/microstructured NiCo2O4 are also ***,some drawbacks and future perspectives related to this promising field are outlined.

关键词： Nano-/micro-structured Spinel NiCo2O4 Synthetic methods Modified electrodes Electrochemical biosensors

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Process Modelling and Experimental Analysis of Optimal Specimen Selection in Organic CMCs

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第2期70卷 2415-2433页

作者： P.v.rajesh Kanak Kalita Xiao-Zhi Gao Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Saranathan College of EngineeringTrichy620012India Department of Mechanical Engineering Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and TechnologyChennai600062India School of Computing University of Eastern FinlandKuopioFI-70211Finland

Bone grafting is a surgical restructuring procedure of replacing broken bones and reconstructing missing bone pieces so that complex bone fractures can be repaired to avoid any serious health risk as well as permanent bone ***,human bones tend to regenerate and heal completely from *** it needs a small scaffold to provide the necessary space to *** implants allow a broken bone to grow ***,non-corrosive metal alloys are used for fixing broken bones.A metal plate is fastened between two ends of broken bones to join ***,issues like high weight,high cost,low wear resistance,*** to the emergence of ceramics and ceramic-based composites in surgical *** trends indicate the usage of organic ceramics and their associated composites as biomimeticmaterials for prostheses and other biomedical *** research paper deals with the fabrication of one such type of ceramic matrix composite(CMC)specimen with sea sponge and cuttlebone using powder metallurgy process by varying composition of cuttlebone,the particle size of the ceramics and sintering temperature of green *** of thermo-mechanical properties and optimization of process parameters is carried out using the preferential selection index(PSI)*** results obtained from this technique are further validated usingMulti-Level General Factorial Design(MLGFD).

关键词： Grafting implants ceramics composites prostheses powder metallurgy optimization

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Role of inter-particle collision on solids acceleration in riser

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Particuology 2010年第1期8卷 13-18页

作者： rajesh Patel Department of Mechanical Engineering New Jersey Institute of Technology

Collision among particles plays a significant role in governing the structure of gas-solids flow in a riser, especially in the dense and acceleration region. The inter-particle collision is the major cause not only for the kinetic energy dissipation （in terms of additional pressure drop beyond the solids hold-up） but also for the control of solids acceleration （in terms of a balancing force to prevent a free acceleration of solids）. A neglect of the balancing force of inter-particle collision against the hydrodynamic force in the solids momentum equation would simply overestimate the solids acceleration or concentration while underestimate the axial gradient of pressure along the riser by a large margin, typically by up to two orders of magnitude. This paper aims to illustrate the importance of the collision on the characteristic of the gas-solids riser flow. Our analysis shows that the collision force should be of the same order of magnitude as that of the drag force in the dense and acceleration region, which can be far beyond that of gravitational force on solids. A simple formulation of the collision force is therefore proposed to bear a similar format of drag force, with regard to the dependence upon local solids *** the inclusion of the proposed correlation of collision force in the solids momentum equation, our model would be able to yield reasonable phase distributions of gas-solid flows, which can be validated, in a bulk range, against available measurements of solids volume fraction and axial gradient of pressure.

关键词： Gas-solids flow Fluidization Solid acceleration Energy dissipation

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Linear and nonlinear elastic analysis of closely spaced strip foundations using Pasternak model

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2017年第2期11卷 228-243页

作者： Priyanka GHOSH S. rajesh j. SAI CHAND Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur 208016 India

In this study, an attempt is made to determine the interaction effect of two closely spaced strip footings using Pasternak model. The study considers small strain problem and has been performed using linear as well as nonlinear elastic analysis to determine the interaction effect of two nearby strip footings. The hyperbolic stress-strain relationship has been considered for the nonlinear elastic analysis. The linear elastic analysis has been carried out by deriving the equations for the interference effect of the footings in the framework of Pasternak model equation; whereas, the nonlinear elastic analysis has been performed using the finite difference method to solve the second order nonlinear differential equation evolved from Pasternak model with proper boundary conditions. Results obtained from the linear and the nonlinear elastic analysis are presented in terms of non-dimensional interaction factors by varying different parameters like width of the foundation, load on the foundation and the depth of the rigid base. Results are suitably compared with the existing values in the literature.

关键词： bearing capacity linear and non-linear elasticity foundation interaction effect numerical modeling Pastemak model

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Potential application of graphene oxide and Aspergillus niger spores with high adsorption capacity for recovery of europium from red phosphor,compact fluorescent lamp and simulated radioactive waste

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journal of Rare Earths 2023年第1期41卷 157-166页

作者： B.Arunraj vidya rajesh N.rajesh Department of Chemistry Birla Institute of Technology and Science-PilaniHyderabad CampusShameerpetHyderabad 500078India Department of Biological Sciences Birla Insttute of Technology and Science-PilaniHyderabad CampusShameerpetHyderabad 500078India

The recovery of rare earth elements(REEs) is a global challenge and the mining of rare earths has serious environmental implications due to the toxic waste released post ***,the rising demand for rare earths and their far reaching electronic applications necessitates an effective strategy to recover the REEs from more viable *** this work,the graphene oxide-Aspergillus niger spores(*** spores) blend was utilized for adsorptive recovery of a precious rare earth Eu(Ⅲ) and the adsorption variables like pH of the medium,adsorbent dosage,sorption kinetics,thermodynamics,and isotherm were optimized for the developed bioso *** adsorption process suits the Langmuir isotherm model with a maximum adsorption capacity of 147.3 mg/*** pseudo-second-order kinetics is a perfect fit to describe the adsorption *** results obtained through the van’t Hoff plot show negative free energy change(ΔG^(0)) which implies the spontaneity of the adsorption *** negative standard enthalpy change(ΔH^(0)) values show that the nature of the adsorption process is *** analytical characterizations including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),Raman,X-ray diffraction(XRD),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET),thermal gravimetric analysis(TGA),and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(SEM-EDX) were employed to study the *** features of *** spores biosorbent were applied to recover Eu(Ⅲ) from real samples such as fluorescent lamp phosphor,red phosphor powder,and a simulated radioactive waste solution.

关键词： Europium Graphene oxide Aspergillus niger Phosphor Radioactive waste Rare earths

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A review on the current research on microwave processing techniques applied to graphene-based supercapacitor electrodes:An emerging approach beyond conventional heating

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journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第11期31卷 252-282,I0008页

作者： rajesh Kumar Sumanta Sahoo Ednan joanni rajesh Kumar Singh Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of TechnologyKanpur 208016Uttar PradeshIndia School of Chemical Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsanGyeongbuk 38541Republic of Korea Centre for Information Technology Renato Archer(CTI) Campinas 13069-901Brazil School of Physical and Material Sciences Central University of Himachal Pradesh(CUHP)KangraDharamshala 176215HPIndia

The various methods for microwave processing of materials exhibit numerous advantages,such as short processing times,high yield,expanded reaction conditions,high reproducibility,and high purity of ***-assisted synthesis strategies have been widely adopted for the preparation of highperformance graphene-based materials for supercapacitor *** oxides,mixed metal oxides,metal hydroxides,layered double hydroxides,carbon nanotubes and conducting polymers are some of the main materials which have been added to graphene derivatives for advanced composite/hybrid *** review article first provides a brief introduction and an overview of microwave heating and its advantages for processing graphene-based electrode *** that,a systematic survey of recently published research on microwave irradiation-assisted processing is presented,focusing on:(i)transformation of graphite/graphite oxide into graphene/graphene oxide by exfoliation and reduction;(ii)formation of graphene derivatives in various liquid and gaseous media;(iii)modification of graphene derivatives with various metal oxides/hydroxides,carbon nanotubes,and conducting polymers for use in *** challenges and future perspectives for microwave-assisted processing of graphene-based materials for cutting-edge supercapacitor electrode applications are also summarized in the conclusion.

关键词： Microwave irradiation Graphene derivatives Reduction/Exfoliation Supercapacitor Energy

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Recent advances based on the synergetic effect of adsorption for removal of dyes from waste water using photocatalytic process

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第3期30卷 201-222页

作者： Subramanian Natarajan Hari C.Bajaj rajesh j.Tayade Inorganic Materials and Catalysis Division (IMCD) CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI)Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)

The problem of textile dye pollution has been addressed by various methods,mainly physical,chemical,biological,and *** methods mainly separate and/or remove the dye present in ***,advanced oxidation processes（AOP）have been focused for removal of dye from waste water due to their advantages such as ecofriendly,economic and capable to degrade many dyes or organic pollutant present in *** is one of the advance oxidation processes,mainly carried out under irradiation of light and suitable photocatalytic *** photocatalytic activity of the photocatalytic materials mainly depends on the band gap,surface area,and generation of electron–hole pair for degradation dyes present in *** has been observed that the surface area plays a major role in photocatalytic degradation of dyes,by providing higher surface area,which leads to the higher adsorption of dye molecule on the surface of photocatalyst and enhances the photocatalytic *** present review discusses the synergic effect of adsorption of dyes on the photocatalytic efficiency of various nanostructured high surface area *** addition,it also provides the properties of the water polluting dyes,their mechanism and various photocatalytic materials;and their morphology used for the dye degradation under irradiation of light along with the future prospects of highly adsorptive photocatalytic material and their application in photocatalytic removal of dye from waste water.

关键词： Photocatalysis Dye degradation Adsorption Water pollution Advanced oxidation processes Nanomaterials

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Trajectory predictions of new lift separation sabots

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2021年第4期17卷 1361-1373页

作者： Sreelal Mohanan rajesh G Department of Aerospace Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennaiTamilnadu600036India

This paper presents a modified analytical model to evaluate the trajectories of various lift separation sabot *** aerodynamic forces acting on the sabot surfaces during a supersonic flight are modeled in the present analytical model by incorporating the pressures on the windward side of the sabot due to the detached/attached shock and its reflections and then integrated using the 3-DoF dynamical *** trajectory and the aerodynamic coefficients were obtained for these configurations at a projectile Mach number of *** sabot configurations,which include two new designs,are compared with each other and with the conventional free flight trajectory data of the conventional *** mechanical interaction between the sabot and projectile is also addressed in the present *** comparison shows that the new designs with the aerodynamic surfaces close to the center of gravity,lift-off from the projectile with minimal mechanical interaction compared to a conventional sabot.

关键词： Lift separation Sabot Trajectory Shock reflection

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