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超声速含灰气体钝体绕流的传热增强及颗粒惯性沉积效应

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自然科学进展 2002年第12期12卷 1253-1257页

作者： A.N.Osiptsov L.A.Egorova v.i.sakharov 王柏懿 institute of Mechanics Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscow 119899Russia 中国科学院力学研究所非线性力学国家重点实验室

研究了高、中等Reynolds数条件下,稀相含灰气体绕球体的定常超声速流动问题,对于物体迎风面前表面上发生颗粒沉积的情况,研究了由于颗粒引起的驻点热流增加,给出了传热增强的最大值,指明了驻点热流的增加取决于流动Re数、颗粒惯性参数... 详细信息

研究了高、中等Reynolds数条件下,稀相含灰气体绕球体的定常超声速流动问题,对于物体迎风面前表面上发生颗粒沉积的情况,研究了由于颗粒引起的驻点热流增加,给出了传热增强的最大值,指明了驻点热流的增加取决于流动Re数、颗粒惯性参数、气固比热之比以及物面温度等控制参数。

关键词：绕流传热增强颗粒惯性沉积效应超声速流动含灰气体钝体热传递增强机理

Chirping instabilities produced by a runaway electron beam at a spherical tokamak

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Plasma Science and Technology 2023年第7期25卷 19-24页

作者： i M BALACHENKOv N N BAKHAREv v K GUSEv M v iLiASOvA E M KHiLKEviCH P S KORENEv A E KONKOv v B MiNAEv Yu v MiTRiZHKiN M i PATROv Yu v PETROv N v sakharov A E SHEvELEv O M SKREKEL ioffe institute Saint-Petersburg 194021Russia Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow 119991Russia

Two different types of MHD instabilities with rapidly chirping frequency were found to arise in the Globus-M2 spherical tokamak in substantially different frequency *** first type arises at frequencies of an order of 1 MHz in ohmic plasmas at relatively low density(n_(e))in a wide range of toroidal magnetic fields and plasma *** type of instability was identified as compressional Alfven waves,driven by electrons,accelerated during a sawtooth *** was found that the mode frequency is sweeping in time,according to the Berk-Breizman hole-clump nonlinear chirping *** second type of wave arises in a specific single-swing regime of the central solenoid current with a very narrow plasma column,when the plasma tends to decay at extremely low density(n_(e))in fact,is an instability of the runaway electron *** exited modes cover the whole observed frequency range and are divided into several(two or three)frequency regions:approximately 0-30 MHz,60-120 MHz and sometimes 30-60 *** of the branches was also *** chirps are more rapid than for 1 MHz Alfven instability and follow an exponential *** paper,to our knowledge,is the first report of frequency chirping instabilities excited by accelerated electrons at a spherical tokamak.

关键词： Alfvén waves chirping instability spherical tokamak runaway electrons

influence of the safety factor profile on the particle and heat transport in the Globus-M spherical tokamak

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Plasma Science and Technology 2019年第11期21卷 1-6页

作者： A YU TELNOvA G S KURSKiEv E O KiSELEv N N BAKHAREv v K GUSEv N A KHROMOv S YU MEDvEDEv v B MiiNAEv i v MiROSHNiKOv M i PATROv Yu v PETROv N v sakharov A D SLADKOMEDOvA P B SHCHEGOLEv v v SOLOKHA v A TOKAREv S YU TOLSTYAKOv E A TUKHMENEvA ioffe institute Saint-Petersburg 194021Russia Keldysh institute Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow 125047Russia NRC'Kurchatov institute’ Moscow 123098Russia

The advanced tokamak scenario is a promising operation scenario for iTER and fusion neutron *** this scenario the minimum value of the safety factor in the center of the plasma exceeds *** the compact spherical tokamak Globus-M,the formation of such conditions is possible with neutral beam injection at the current ramp-up *** to the slower diffusion of current inside the plasma,a zone is formed with reduced heat and particle transport across the magnetic field,which affects the temperature and density profiles of the *** leads to the peaked density profile formation and improvement of the energy confinement *** achieve a high fraction of the bootstrap current,it is necessary to increase the plasma *** the same time,the maximum allowable pressure is limited to the normalized beta limit.

关键词： advanced tokamak mode transport analysis internal transport barriers

Development of Zeff diagnostic system on the Globus-M（M2） tokamak and the first experimental results

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Plasma Science and Technology 2019年第10期21卷 33-39页

作者： E A TUKHMENEvA S Yu TOLSTYAKOv G S KURSKiEv v K GUSEv v B MiNAEv Yu v PETROv N v sakharov A Yu TELNOvA N N BAKHAREv P B SHEGOLEv E O KiSELEv ioffe institute

Studying the behavior of effective ion charge Zeff, which indicates the degree of pollution of plasma and can provide valuable information about many processes taking place in plasma, mechanisms of the releasing impurities, transport, etc is of great interest. This paper describes the development of the Zeff diagnostic system for the Globus-M2 tokamak. The effective ion charge is determined on the basis of measurements of the bremsstrahlung intensity and Thomson scattering data-Te and ne profiles. The results of the first Zeff measurements obtained for several discharges on the Globus-M tokamak are presented in this paper. The results have been validated by simulation using the ASTRA transport code for the same discharges, and it has demonstrated a good agreement with the experimental results.

关键词： tokamak effective ion charge magnetic confinement

First results of turbulence investigation on Globus-M2 using radial correlation Doppler reflectometry

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第10期26卷 49-55页

作者： A.PONOMARENKO A.YASHiN v.GUSEv E.KiSELEv G.KURSKiEv v.MiNAEv Y.PETROv N.sakharov P.SHCHEGOLEv E.TKACHENKO N.ZHiLTSOv Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University St.Petersburg 195251Russia ioffe institute St.Petersburg 194064Russia

The first results of investigation of the turbulence structure using Doppler backscattering(DBS)on the Globus-M2 tokamak are presented.A one-channel DBS system with a variable probing frequency within the 18–26 GHz range was installed to investigate the edge plasma at normalized minor radiiρ=0.9–*** correlation Doppler reflectometry was used to study the changes in turbulence eddies after the LH *** analysis was applied to the phase derivative of complex in-phase and quadrature(iQ)signals of the DBS diagnostic as it contains information about the poloidal plasma rotation *** L-mode,the radial correlation length L_(r)is estimated to be 3 cm and after transition to H-mode reduces to approximately 2 *** modelling in a linear local approximation using code GENE indicates that the instability with positive growth rate at the normalized minor radiusρ=0.75 in L-mode and H-mode on Globus-M2 was the ion temperature gradient(iTG)mode.

关键词： tokamak turbulence Doppler backscattering correlation reflectometry

Evaluation of Natural Radioactivity Levels for Structural Material Used in the Construction of the Neutrino Detector

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World Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology 2015年第1期5卷 43-56页

作者： vladimir G. Zinovyev Anatolii P. Serebrov ivan A. Mitropolsky Yuriy E. Loginov Georgiy i. Shulyak Tatyana M. Tyukavina Sergey L. sakharov Anatoly v. Chernyj Neutron Research Department National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute” B.P. Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Gatchina Russia

in this work, the evaluation of natural radioactivity and spontaneous fission rates was performed for 8 nuclides from the natural radioactive 238U, 235U and 232Th decay chains. For this purpose, three samples of structural materials of the neutrino detector, i.e. aluminum, titanium and glass were analyzed by gamma spectroscopy and by neutron activation analysis to quantify a specific radioactivity of the samples. According to the results of this investigation, glass and aluminum samples have maximum values of the mean uranium concentrations 7.3(7) × 10-4% and 3.1(6) × 10-5%, respectively, while the lowest value for mean concentration of the uranium was found in titanium samples to be 4.7(3) × 10-6%. Aluminum sample had maximum values of the mean thorium concentrations, 2.5(8) × 10-3%, while the lowest value for mean concentration of the thorium was found in titanium samples to be 6.2(3) × 10-7%.

关键词： Spontaneous Fission Radioactive Decay Chain α-Decay Radionuclide Branching Factor

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爆炸波及其绕流流场研究

爆炸波及其绕流流场研究

氢弹与美苏关系的平衡——美苏两国氢弹研制中的“超级”与“分层”的对抗

第十届全国激波与激波管学术讨论会

作者：杨辉岳茂雄黄为民乐嘉陵倪鸿礼 N.P.Mende A.B.Podlaskin v.A.sakharov 中国空气动力研究与发展中心 ioffe Physicotechnical institute Russian Academy of Sciences Politekhnicheskaya ul. 26St. Petersburg194021 Russia

本文介绍在爆炸波装置上对爆炸波及其绕流流场进行研究的详细情况。文章详细介绍了产生爆炸波的过程,采用光栅干涉技术获得了爆炸波轴对称喷流及其绕尖锥模型的绕流流场的光栅干涉图片,最后对爆炸波及其绕流流场进行了定量分析。

关键词：爆炸波尖锥模型密度场光栅干涉术流动显示

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军事历史研究 2017年第1期31卷 1-14页

作者： В.Л.马利科夫张广翔俄罗斯科学院世界历史研究所吉林大学东北亚研究院

1945年8月美国在日本广岛和长崎投掷原子弹后,美苏两国在氢弹的研制领域便展开了竞争。从美国方面来看,原子弹的研制成功使其思想产生松懈,再加上其核物理学家的内部分歧以及对苏联科学界能力估计的严重不足,一度使得泰勒的"超级"热核... 详细信息

1945年8月美国在日本广岛和长崎投掷原子弹后,美苏两国在氢弹的研制领域便展开了竞争。从美国方面来看,原子弹的研制成功使其思想产生松懈,再加上其核物理学家的内部分歧以及对苏联科学界能力估计的严重不足,一度使得泰勒的"超级"热核弹即氢弹研究陷入停滞;而苏联方面,政府高度重视氢弹研究并为其提供各种便利,苏联科学家具有高超智力和奉献精神,1949年8月29日苏联第一颗原子弹试验成功,打破了美国的核垄断。这使得泰勒的"超级"设计重新得到重视,1952年11月1日,美国成功进行了第一次氢弹试验。而苏联萨哈罗夫提出的氢弹"分层"结构设想,使氢弹的研究于1953年8月12日同样也取得了成功。美苏两国氢弹研制的历史对两国关系及其战略力量的平衡都产生了重大影响。

关键词：美国苏联原子弹氢弹泰勒萨哈罗夫奥本海默