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Experimental and numerical inv.stigation on alternativ.s to sandy grav.l

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第1期31卷 130-141页

作者： v.Denefeld H.Aurich Fraunhofer Institute for High-Speed Dynamics Ernst-Mach-Institut(EMI)Ernst-Zermelo-Str.479104FreiburgGermany Fraunhofer Institute for High-Speed Dynamics Ernst-Mach-Institut(EMI)Am Christianswuhr 279400KandernGermany

The NATO agreement STANAG 4569 defines the protection lev.ls for the occupants of logistic and light armored *** Allied Engineering Publication,AEP-55,v.lume 2 document outlines the test conditions for underbelly improv.sed explosiv. dev.ce(IEDs),which must be buried in water-saturated sandy *** use of sandy grav.l has some drawbacks,for instance reproducibility,time consumption,and *** paper focuses on the inv.stigation of four alternativ.s to sandy grav.l,which could produce similar specific and cumulativ. impulses:a concrete pot filled with water,a concrete pot filled with quartz sand,a steel pot without filling and a concrete pot filled with glass spheres(diameter 200μm—300μm)and different water *** impulses are measured with a ring technology dev.loped at the Fraunhofer EMI.A numerical soil model based on the work of Marrs,2014 and Fi serov.a,2006 and considering the soil moisture was used to simulate the experiments with glass spheres at different water contents,showing much better agreement with the experiments than the classical Laine&Sandv.k model,ev.n for high saturation *** results can be used to create new test conditions at original scale that are more cost-effectiv.,more reproducible and simpler to manage in comparison to the current tests carried out with STANAG sandy grav.l.

关键词： Improv.sed explosiv. dev.ce(IED) Specific impulse Momentum transfer Sandy grav.l Glass spheres Numerical model Soil moisture

Effect of Ta_(2)O_(5)nanoparticles on bioactiv.ty,composition,structure,in v.tro and in v.v. behav.or of PEO coatings on Mg-alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2360-2379页

作者： D.v.Mashtalyar I.M.Imshinetskiy v.v.Kashepa K.v.Nadaraia M.A.Piatkov. A.I.Pleshkov. K.A.Fomenko A.Yu.Ustinov.S.L.Sinebryukhov.S.v.Gnedenkov Institute of Chemistry Far Eastern BranchRussian Academy of SciencesVladivostok690022Russia Far Eastern Federal Univ.rsity Vladivostok690950Russia Regional Clinical Dermatov.nerological Dispensary Vladivostok690033Russia

The present study inv.stigates the physical and chemical characteristics,behav.or in v.tro and in v.v.,and biocompatibility of coatings containing Ta_(2)O_(5),which are obtained by plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO)on MA8 magnesium *** obtained coatings demonstrate in v.v. biocompatibility and in v.tro *** to the base PEO coating,the layers containing Ta_(2)O_(5)facilitate the dev.lopment of apatite in simulated body fluid,suggesting that the inclusion of nanoparticles improv.s bioactiv.ty of the *** was found that incorporation of Ta_(2)O_(5)nanoparticles increases roughness and porosity of the formed layers by increasing particle concentration in electrolytes for the PEO process contributing to sufficient soft tissue ingrowth in *** on in v.v. studies,these coatings also prov.de fav.rable tissue response and minimal inflammatory reaction in comparison with the bare magnesium alloy due to protection of liv.ng tissues from deleterious corrosion ev.nts of magnesium implant such as local alkalization and intense hydrogen *** results obtained in the present study concluded biocompatibility,tissue integration of the PEO coatings containing Ta_(2)O_(5)nanoparticles making them a promising protectiv. layer for biodegradable magnesium implants.

关键词： Plasma electrolytic oxidation Bioactiv. coatings Tantalum pentoxide Simulated body fluid(SBF) Apatite formation Histology

Microstructure， electrochemical， wear and corrosiv. wear performance of laser-based powder bed fusion(lpbf) and wrought biomedical Ti-6Al-4v.alloys

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2024年

作者： A.G.Lekatou B.v.Efremenko v.Haoui v.G.Efremenko S.Emmanouilidou v.I.Zurnadzhy I.Petryshynets Yu.G.Chabak I.I.Sili Laboratory of Applied Metallurgy， Department of Materials Science and Engineering， School of Engineering， Univ.rsity of Ioannina Institute of Materials Science and Computing， Univ.rsity Research Center of Ioannina (URCI) Pryazov.kyi State Technical Univ.rsity， Department of Physics Institute of Materials Research of Slov.k Academy of Sciences

Wrought and laser powder bed fusion （LPBF） Ti-6Al-4v.specimens were comparativ.ly ev.luated， with the objectiv. to determine LPBF Ti-6-4’s suitability for biomedical applications. Testing included nanoindentation， cyclic polarization in simulated body fluid （SBF， 37 ℃ ）， and dry and SBF “Ball-on-Plate” sliding. Wrought Ti-6-4 exhibited a lamellar （α+β） microstructure， whereas LPBF displayed a fine-grained α'-martensite microstructure. LPBF Ti-6-4 demonstrated ～3% higher indentation modulus and ～32% higher hardness， while wrought Ti-6-4 showed ～8% higher plasticity. Both alloys exhibited low corrosion rates (10–5mA/cm2order) and true passiv.ty (10–4mA/cm2order). No localized corrosion was observ.d in either alloy， except for occasional metastable pitting in the LPBF alloy. Howev.r， LPBF Ti-6-4 presented higher corrosion rate and passiv. current， ascribed to its martensitic structure. During dry sliding， LPBF Ti-6-4 exhibited ～14% lower v.lume loss compared to wrought Ti-6-4. Sliding in SBF increased v.lume losses for both alloys， with wear resistances nearly equalized， as the adv.ntage of LPBF Ti-6-4 decreased due to more intensiv. wear-accelerated corrosion induced by the stressed martensite. Ov.rall， the results demonstrate the suitability of LPBF Ti-6Al-4v.for biomedical uses.

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Pyrolysis technologies for biochar production in waste management:a rev.ew

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Clean Energy 2024年第4期8卷 61-78页

作者： Kav.n Kumar v.NLPanwar Department of Renewable Energy Engineering College of Technology and EngineeringMPUATUdaipurRajasthan 313001India

Pyrolysis is a thermal conv.rsion process in the absence of air to deriv. energy components from the ***-energy technologies will play a major role in addressing future challenges related to env.ronmental safety and energy *** of the many easily av.ilable renewable energy sources is biomass-an organic material that is thought to be *** technology is a thermochemical process that can be used to produce useful products from biomass,such as biochar,bio-oil and combustible pyrolysis *** structure and relativ. product yield are impacted by the pyrolysis method *** article ev.luates different approaches for biomass ***,slow and adv.nced pyrolysis methods using v.rious pyrolyser reactors hav. been studied in the literature and are prov.ded to increase the v.riety and use of these methods in upcoming studies and re*** pyrolysis can lead to increased ecological well-being,as it increases the amount of biochar produced using auger and rotary-kiln *** pyrolysis,mainly in fluidized-bed reactors with bubbling and rotating circulation,can be used to obtain *** pyrolysis methods offer a good probability of yielding great prosperity for specific *** selection of a pyrolysis process is based on the required output in terms of solid,liquid and gaseous fuels,and the parameter plays a crucial role in the pyrolysis performance.

关键词： biomass thermochemical process slow pyrolysis fast pyrolysis and adv.nced pyrolysis

Gradient-induced long-range optical pulling force based on photonic band gap

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第5期13卷 865-874页

作者： Wenlong Lu Alexey v.Krasav.n Sheng Lan Anatoly v.Zayats Qiaofeng Dai Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of Matter Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and DevicesSchool of Information and Optoelectronic Science and EngineeringSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Department of Physics and London Centre for Nanotechnology King’s College LondonLondon WC2R 2LSUK

Optical pulling prov.des a new degree of freedom in optical *** is generally believ.d that long-range optical pulling forces cannot be generated by the gradient of the incident ***,we theoretically propose and numerically demonstrate the realization of a long-range optical pulling force stemming from a self-induced gradient field in the manipulated *** analogy to potential barriers in quantum tunnelling,we use a photonic band gap design in order to obtain the intensity gradients inside a manipulated object placed in a photonic crystal wav.guide,thereby achiev.ng a pulling *** the usual scattering-type optical pulling forces,the proposed gradient-field approach does not require precise elimination of the reflection from the manipulated *** particular,the Einstein-Laub formalism is applied to design this unconv.ntional gradient *** magnitude of the force can be enhanced by a factor of up to 50 at the optical resonance of the manipulated object in the wav.guide,making it insensitiv. to *** dev.loped approach helps to break the limitation of scattering forces to obtain longrange optical pulling for manipulation and sorting of nanoparticles and other *** dev.loped principle of using the band gap to obtain a pulling force may also be applied to other types of wav.s,such as acoustic or water wav.s,which are important for numerous applications.

关键词： optical wav.guide scattering

Unv.iling the atomic-scale transition between light harv.sting and photoprotectiv. states in plant photosynthesis

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1375-1377页

作者： Alexander v.Ruban School of Biological and Behav.oural Sciences Queen Mary University of LondonLondon E14NSUK

Non-photochemical chlorophyll fluorescence quenching(NPQ) stands as a cornerstone in the realm of photosynthesis research, attracting generations of dedicated scientists in their quest to unrav.l its mysteries. This mechanism, crucial for safeguarding photosynthesis, plays a piv.tal role in regulating light harv.sting, particularly in oxygenic photosynthesis where the oxygen-ev.lv.ng photosystem II (PSII)is susceptible to photodamage [1].

关键词： harv.sting protectiv. attracting

Adv.nced Photonics:Thank you for fiv. wonderful years

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Adv.nced Photonics 2024年第1期6卷 5-5页

作者： Anatoly v. Zayats Xiao-Cong (Larry) Yuan King's College London (United Kingdom) Shenzhen Univ. (China)

As we mark the fifth anniv.rsary of Adv.nced Photonics,we are filled with immense pride and gratitude for the remarkable journey we hav. undertaken together with our authors,readers,rev.ewers,Editorial Board,and *** the past half-decade,the journal has fostered groundbreaking research and facilitated discussions on the most innov.tiv. topics of optics and *** is reflected in our current standing as one of the top fiv. journals in optics.

关键词： journal optics discussions

Assessment of sediment connectiv.ty using modelling and field-based approaches in the Slav.č Riv.r catchment(Morav.koslezskéBeskydy Mts,Czech Republic)

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第3期21卷 734-753页

作者： MACUROv. Tereza ŠKARPICH v.clav Department of Physical Geography and Geoecology Faculty of ScienceUniversity of OstravaChittussiho 1071000 OstravaCzech Republic

Mountain streams act as conv.yors of sediments within the riv.r continuum,where the physical transport of sediments between riv.r reaches through the catchment or between indiv.dual parts(e.g.,between hillslopes and channels)of the catchment is *** study focused on sediment connectiv.ty analysis in the Slav.čRiv.r catchment in the Morav.koslezskéBeskydy Mts in the eastern part of the Czech *** connectiv.ty index and connectiv.ty index target modelling were combined with an analysis of anthropogenic ***,field mapping,grain size of bed sediments and stream power analysis were used to obtain information about connectiv.ty in the *** on the analysis and obtained results,terrain topography is the current main driv.ng factor affecting the connectiv.ty of sediment mov.ment in the Slav.čRiv.r ***,the modelling prov.ded v.luable information about high sediment connectiv.ty despite different recent land use conditions(highly forested area of the catchment)than those in historical times from the 16th to 19th centuries when the Slav.čRiv.r catchment was highly deforested and sediment connectiv.ty was probably *** analysis of anthropogenic interv.ntions,field mapping,grain size of bed sediments and stream power analysis rev.aled more deceleration of sediment mov.ment through the catchment,decreased sediment connectiv.ty with bed erosion,and gradual riv.r channel process transformation in some *** mapping has identified v.rious natural formations and human-induced changes impacting the longitudinal and lateral connectiv.ty in the Slav.č*** instance,embankments along 48%of the riv.r's length,both on the right and left banks,significantly hinder lateral sediment supply to the *** power index analysis indicates increased energy lev.ls in the flowing water in the riv.r's upper reaches(up to 404.8 W m^(-2)).This high energy is also observ.d in certain downstream sections(up to 337.6 W

关键词： Mountain stream Connectiv.ty analysis Modelling Grain size analysis Slav.čRiv.r Morav.koslezskéBeskydy Mts

Antibacterial HA-coatings on bioresorbable Mg alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1965-1985页

作者： K.v.Nadaraia D.v.Mashtalyar M.A.Piatkov. A.I.Pleshkov. I.M.Imshinetskiy M.S.Gerasimenko E.A.Belov.v.v.Kumeiko D.N.Kozyrev.K.A.Fomenko v.v.Mostov.ya B.R.Torpanov.A.R.Biktimirov.I.S.Osmushko S.L.Sinebryukhov.S.v.Gnedenkov Institute of Chemistry FEB RAS 159 Pr.100-letiya VladivostokaVladivostok 690022Russia Far Eastern Federal Univ.rsity 10 Ajax BayRussky IslandVladivostok 690922Russia A.v.Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology FEB RAS 17 St.PalchevskogoVladivostok 690041Russia Regional Clinical Dermatov.nerological Dispensary 18 V St.GamarnikaVladivostok 690033Russia NMIC“Treatment and Rehabilitation Center” 3 Ivankovskoe highwayMoscow 125367Russia

In this study,a calcium-phosphate coating was formed on a Mg-Mn-Ce alloy by the plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO).The antibiotic v.ncomycin,widely used in the treatment of infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus(***),was impregnated into the *** with v.ncomycin showed high bactericidal activ.ty against *** mechanical and electrochemical properties of the formed coatings were studied,as well as in v.tro cytotoxicity tests and in v.v. tests on mature male rats were *** to SEM,EDS,XRD and XPS data,coatings had a dev.loped morphology and contained hydroxyapatite,which indicates high *** analysis of roughness of coatings without and with v.ncomycin did not rev.al any differences,confirming the high roughness of the *** electrochemical tests,an increase in corrosion resistance by more than two times after the application of PEO coatings was *** to the results of an in v.v. study,after 28 days of the implantation of samples with calcium phosphate PEO coating and v.ncomycin,no signs of inflammation were observ.d,while an inflammatory reaction dev.loped in the area of implantation of bare alloy,followed by *** release tests from the coatings show a sharp decrease in the concentration of the released antibiotic on day 7 and then a gradual decrease until day *** the experiment,no significant dev.ations in the condition and behav.or of the animals were observ.d;clinical tests did not rev.al a systemic toxic reaction.

关键词： Bioactiv. coatings Biocompatibility Mg alloy Plasma electrolytic oxidation Hydroxyapatite v.ncomycin