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Bemisia tabaci Phylogenetic Groups in India and the Relative Transmission Efficacy of Tomato leaf curl Bangalore virus by an Indigenous and an Exotic Population

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第2期11卷 235-248页

作者： R v Chowda-Reddy M Kirankumar Susan E Seal v muniyappa Girish B valand M R Govindappa John Colvin Agriculture Health and Environment GroupNatural Resources InstituteUniversity of Greenwich at MedwayChatham MaritimeKentME4 4TBUnited Kingdom Southern Crop Protection and Food Research Centre London-N5V 4T3Canada Department of Plant Pathology University of Agricultural SciencesBangalore-560 065India Department of Plant Pathology Gujarat Agricultural UniversityAnand 388110GujaratIndia

Bemisia tabaci adults from various host-plant species were collected from 31 regions across India.266 *** samples were first screened by RAPD-PCR to examine molecular variability and to select individuals with different ***-plant and region of collection were then used to select 25 individuals for PCR amplification and sequencing of their partial mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit one（mtCOI）*** comparisons with mtCOI consensus sequences showed that the majority of these samples had 〈3.5% sequence divergence from groups currently termed Asia I,Asia II-5,Asia II-7,and Asia *** biotype-B *** from India clustered into the Middle East-Asia Minor 1 group.A new group of *** from Coimbatore,collected from pumpkin,was related most closely to the Asia I group（6.2% sequence divergence from the consensus Asia I sequence）.To increase our understanding of the epidemiology of tomato leaf curl disease（ToLCD）and the key *** genetic groups involved in virus spread,the indigenous Asia I and the exotic biotype-B population from South India were used to carry out transmission experiments using Tomato leaf curl Bangalore virus（ToLCBv）.The acquisition access periods（AAP）,inoculation access periods（IAP）,latent periods（LP）,and ToLCBv transmission efficiencies of the two populations were compared and the biotype-B had the more efficient transmission *** results are discussed in relation to recent changes in the epidemiology of tomato leaf curl disease in South India.

关键词： begomoviruses mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase whitefly Bemisia tabaci virus-vector relationships epidemiology

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Socio-Economic and Scientific Impact Created by Whitefly-Transmitted,Plant-virus Disease Resistant Tomato varieties in Southern India

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第2期11卷 337-345页

作者： John Colvin N Nagaraju Carlos Moreno-Leguizamon R M Govindappa T B Manjunatha Reddy S A Padmaja Neena Joshi Peter M Hanson Susan E Seal v muniyappa Natural Resources Institute University of GreenwichChatham MaritimeKentME4 4TBUnited Kingdom University of Agricultural Sciences G.K.V.K.Bangalore 560065India AvRDC-The World vegetable Center

Research carried out to assess the impact of open-pollinated Tomato leaf curl virus（ToLCv）-resistant tomatoes and hybrids on the livelihoods of resource-poor farmers in Southern India is described and *** high-yielding ToLCv-resistant tomato varieties were developed initially using conventional breeding and screening techniques involving inoculation by ToLCv-viruliferous whitefly,Bemisia *** 2003 and 2004,respectively,these varieties were released officially by the Karnataka State Seed Committee and the Indian Ministry of Agriculture through notification in the Gazette of *** 2003 to 2005,eleven seed companies bought breeder seed of the ToLCv-resistant varieties and used them to begin breeding F1 hybrids from ***-economic studies carried out to assess the benefits obtained from growing the ToLCv-resistant varieties found that farmers could gain up to 10 times the profit by growing the ToLCv-resistant varieties compared to the pre-existing ToLCv-susceptible *** of ToLCv-resistant tomatoes was also associated with reduced pesticide *** income from tomato sales was prioritised by farmers to pay for children＇s education,better nutrition and *** a joint effort with the commercial seed sector in India,a promotional field day was organised in *** well as the three ToLCv-resistant varieties,62 ToLCv-resistant hybrid tomatoes were exhibited during a farmer-field day by 17 commercial seed companies and several public *** with ToLCv-resistance are now grown widely in South India and seeds of the three open-pollinated varieties have been distributed to more than 12 *** 2007,a conservative estimate of the financial-benefit to cost of the research ratio was already more than 837：1.

关键词： Bemisia tabaci begomovirus international development tomato resistance Tomato leaf curl virus

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