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Cross-sectional prevalence and pattern of non-anaemia severe malaria among 2–10 year olds in Sokoto in Northwestern Nigeria

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Frontiers of Medicine 2022年第6期16卷 969-974页

作者： usman nasir nakakana Ridwan Muhammad Jega Aliyu Mamman Nauzo Yahya Mohammed Ismaila Mohammed Ahmed Medical Research Council The Gambia Unit at London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineFajara220The Gambia Department of Paediatrics Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching HospitalSokoto234Nigeria Department of Paediatrics Federal Medical CentreBirnin Kebbi234Nigeria Department of Microbiology Usmanu Danfodiyo UniversitySokoto234Nigeria Department of Community Medicine Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching HospitalSokoto234Nigeria

Malaria is highly prevalent in Nigeria and accounts for approximately 40%of global malaria ***,most reports on severe malaria in Nigeria are from hospital-based studies without accurate information from communities;thus,malaria-related deaths in the community are left *** study aimed to describe the prevalence and pattern of severe malaria in a community in Northwestern Nigeria.A cross-sectional study was conducted among 2–10-year-old children in Sokoto,in August and December 2016,to determine the endemicity of malaria based on Plasmodium falciparum prevalence rate(PfPR2-10)and to describe the disease *** malaria was diagnosed according to the World Health Organisation *** were described using Stata version *** prevalence of non-anaemia severe malaria was higher than expected(2.6%),considering the endemicity pattern which was mesoendemic based on a PfPR2-10 of 34.8%.The mean age of children with severe malaria was 3.73 years,and the male—female ratio was 2:***,54.0%of the patients had hyperparasitaemia.A relatively high prevalence of non-anaemia severe malaria was found in *** finding suggests the need to identify and treat cases in the community using modifications of current strategies,particularly seasonal malaria chemoprophylaxis.

关键词： severe malaria nigeria malaria mortality PfPR2-10 intermediate malaria transmission

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SI Engine Fueled with Gasoline, CNG and CNG-HHO Blend: Comparative Evaluation of Performance, Emission and Lubrication Oil Deterioration

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Journal of Thermal Science 2021年第4期30卷 1199-1211页

作者： usman Muhammad HAYAT nasir BHUTTA Muhammad Mahmood Aslam Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyLahore 54890Pakistan

Hydroxy gas (HHO) is one of the potential alternative fuels for spark ignition (SI) engine,notably due to simultaneous increase in engine performance and reduction in exhaust ***,impact of HHO gas on lubrication oil for longer periods of engine operation has not yet been *** study focuses on investigation of the effect of gasoline,CNG and CNG-HHO blend on lubrication oil deterioration along with engine performance and emissions in SI *** unit produces HHO gas at 4.72 L/min by using 6 g/L of KOH in the aqueous *** was supplied to the test engine at a pressure of 0.11 MPa using an electronically controlled solenoid *** tests were carried out at different speeds at 80%open throttle condition and various performance parameters such as brake power (BP),brake specific fuel consumption(BSFC),brake thermal efficiency (BTE),exhaust gas temperature and exhaust emissions (HC,CO_(2),CO and NO_(x))were *** addition,various lubrication oil samples were extracted over 120 h of engine running while topping for drain out volume and samples were analyzed as per ASTM ***-HHO blend exhibited better performance i.e.,15.4%increase in average BP in comparison to CNG,however,15.1%decrease was observed when compared to ***-HHO outperformed gasoline and CNG in the case of HC,CO_(2),CO and brake specific fuel consumption (31.1%decrease in comparison to gasoline).On the other hand,CNG-HHO produced higher average NO_(x) (12.9%) when compared to CNG ***,lubrication oil condition(kinematic viscosity,water contents,flash point and total base number (TBN)),wear debris (Iron (Fe),Aluminum(Al),Copper (Cu),Chromium (Cr)) and additives depletion (Zinc (Zn),Calcium (Ca)) presented a significant degradation in the case of CNG-HHO blend as compared to gasoline and *** oil analyses illustrated 19.6%,12.8%and 14.2%decrease in average viscosity,flash point and TBN for CNG-HHO blend ***,

关键词： spark ignition engine compressed natural gas hydrogen lubrication oil deterioration emission

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Prediction of Extremist Behaviour and Suicide Bombing from Terrorism Contents Using Supervised Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第3期70卷 4411-4428页

作者： nasir Mahmood Muhammad usman Ghani Khan Department of Computer Science University of Engineering and Technology54890Lahore

This study proposes an architecture for the prediction of extremist human behaviour from projected suicide *** linking‘dots’of police data comprising scattered information of people,groups,logistics,locations,communication,and spatiotemporal characters on different social media groups,the proposed architecture will spawn beneficial *** useful information will,in turn,help the police both in predicting potential terrorist events and in investigating previous ***,this architecture will aid in the identification of criminals and their associates and *** is psychological warfare,which,in the broadest sense,can be defined as the utilisation of deliberate violence for economic,political or religious *** this study,a supervised learning-based approach was adopted to develop the proposed *** dataset was prepared from the suicide bomb blast data of Pakistan obtained from the South Asia Terrorism Portal(SATP).As the proposed architecture was simulated,the supervised learning-based classifiers na飗e Bayes and Hoeffding Tree reached 72.17%*** of the additional benefits this study offers is the ability to predict the target audience of potential suicide bomb blasts,which may be used to eliminate future threats or,at least,minimise the number of casualties and other property losses.

关键词： Extremism terrorism suicide bombing crime prediction pattern recognition machine learning supervised learning

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Voltage Stabilization of Hybrid Micro-Grid Using Super Capacitors

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2015年第6期3卷 1-9页

作者： Jamshed Khan usman nasir Goldwind Science and Technology Co. Ltd. Beijing China North China Electric Power University Beijing China

Scarcity of fossil fuel resources has motivated the researchers to develop renewable energy based power projects. Instead of using a single or independent renewable energy source, it is preferable to use the combination of such energy sources in a distributed way to compensate the power fluctuations of the system and this leads to the concept of hybrid micro-grid energy. Voltage stability is an important parameter for the secure operation of the hybrid-micro grid, and IEEE 1547 Standard defines the limit of the voltage for the successful operation of the micro-grid. Although Vanadium Redox Batteries (VRBs) can help the system to stabilize the voltage when voltage sag occurs when a heavy load is suddenly connected to the system, this stabilization process takes some time. This paper discusses the application of super capacitors to the hybrid micro-grid system, as a higher energy density element, to help the system quickly recover its transient voltage.

关键词： Super Capacitors Micro-Grid Voltage Sags Voltage Stabilization Hybrid Micro-Grid

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变速抽水蓄能系统（VSPS）的解耦控制

变速抽水蓄能系统（VSPS）的解耦控制

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作者： usman nasir(吴建新) 华北电力大学

学位级别：硕士

可变速抽水蓄能系统(VSPS)是水力发电项目中一项重要的技术,此系统可以提高效率、改善电能质量、并且更好的控制发电。由于背靠背电力电子换流器的功率只占双馈异步电机总功率的30%,成本低廉,因此基于双馈异步电机(DFIM)的可变速抽水蓄... 详细信息

可变速抽水蓄能系统(VSPS)是水力发电项目中一项重要的技术,此系统可以提高效率、改善电能质量、并且更好的控制发电。由于背靠背电力电子换流器的功率只占双馈异步电机总功率的30%,成本低廉,因此基于双馈异步电机(DFIM)的可变速抽水蓄能系统得到大量使用。对可变速抽水蓄能系统中的双馈异步电机来说,关于其速度控制的研究已有很多,但是关于其功率控制的研究还较少。本文重点研究基于可变速抽水蓄能系统的双馈异步电机的有功和无功功率的解耦控制。对转子侧换流器(RSC),本文提出了一种有效的控制方法来实现功率的解耦;并且使用网侧换流器(GSC)来使转子侧和网侧换流器之间的直流电压保持稳定。本文的研究使用了PSIM和Matlab/Simulink两种仿真软件,并通过SimCoupler接口将其连接在一起。本文的重点是对转子侧换流器的控制,通过控制转子电流来控制双馈异步电机的功率。本文还使用了一个三电平的背靠背电力电子换流器来控制可变速抽水蓄能系统中双馈异步电机的功率。

关键词：电力电子换流器双馈异步电机抽水蓄能电站功率控制

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Role of Canal Lining on Groundwater Fluctuations: A Modeling Simulation Approach for Jaalwala Distributary, Bahawalnagar

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2017年第5期7卷 213-232页

作者： Muhammad Hammad Atique Khan Muhammad usman Saleem Sajid Rashid Ahmad nasir Ahmad Shahid Jamil Sameeni Muhammad Akram Muhammad Farooq Institute of Geology University of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan Collage of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan Irrigation Department Government of Pakistan Lahore Pakistan

Jaalwala Distributary was selected to see the consequences of concrete lining on the underlying saline groundwater table. Its middle and tail portions were concrete lined whereas the head portion was still unlined. Visual MODFLOW 2011.1 was used to simulate the effects of concrete lining on saline groundwater in two-dimensional format. Simulation results showed a gradual rise of electrical conductivity (EC) up to 7000 μS/cm and decline in water table depth to nine feet (2.74 m). It observed negligible inflows from the distributary through its western boundary due to formation of a permanent barrier in the way of seepage of any kind. Results have further predicted that freshwater layer available beneath the Jaalwala Distributary (before its lining) will finish ultimately and the below present saline water also move upward to take this vacated place. Hence it was concluded to line the canals of saline water areas from their sides which will not only protect them from erosion but canal water theft as well.

关键词： Water Balance Jaalwala Distributary Saline Water Intrusion Hydrostatic Pressure and Interface

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Impact of Climate Change on Epidemiology of Various Pests of Wheat Crop in Punjab Pakistan

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2019年第1期10卷 236-247页

作者： Israr Arshad Amer Rasul Syed Ismat Hussain Hafiz Muhammad usman Aslam Khizar Hayat Malik Najam Ul Hassan Sidra Muqeet Amina Yasir Umar Shabab nasir Anum Tehseen Directorate of Pest Warning & Quality Control of Pesticides Punjab Pakistan Department of Plant Pathology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology Iowa State University USA Horticultural Research Institute Ayub Agricultural Research Institute (AARI) Faisalabad Pakistan Department of Zoology Government College University Faisalabad Faisalabad Pakistan Institute of Agriculture & Resource Economics University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan

Wheat [Triticum aestivum L. (Poaceae)] is the staple diet of people in Pakistan. It is attacked by many types of pests. Therefore the purpose of this study was to assess the impact of climate change on the ecology and epidemiology of various wheat pests in Punjab, Pakistan. Results indicate that maximum weeds hot spots 242 (5.98%) Phalaris minor, 45 (1.18%) wild oat and 203 (5.01%) broad leaf weeds were noted in 2015. Aphid 31 (0.86%) hot spots were recorded in 2016 while maximum army worm 13 (0.26%) hot spots were noted in 2017. Maximum 70 (1.73%) spots of yellow rust and 85 (2.10%) hot spots of brown rust were observed during 2015 while 84 (4.16%) spots of loose smut were observed during 2017. ANOVA shows that years have no significant difference (P > 0.05) but weeks have significant effect on occurrence of these pest incidences except brown rust. But regression ANOVA was significant (P ≤ 0.05) and regression models equations have been developed on the bases of recorded data. Pest incidence was taken as dependent variable Y and weather factors i.e. minimum temperature as X1, maximum temperature as X2, relative humidity as X3 and rain fall as X4 were taken as independent variables. This study will help in recommendations for moving forward aiming at integration of biology of rust and smut diseases of wheat with changing climate for development of resistant varieties for resilient and durable management of these pathogens.

关键词： Climate Change Wheat Weeds Insect Pest Disease Ecology

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SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and RNA dependent RNA polymerase as targets for drug and vaccine development: A review

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Biosafety and Health 2021年第5期3卷 249-263页

作者： Yusuf Muhammed Abduljalal Yusuf Nadabo Mkpouto Pius Bashiru Sani Jafar usman nasir Anka Garba Jaafaru Mohammed Sani Basit Opeyemi Olayanju Sunday Zeal Bala Musa Garba Abdullahi Misbahu Sambo Department of Biochemistry Federal UniversityGusauNigeria Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ahmadu Bello University ZariaNigeria Department of Medical Genetics University of CambridgeCB21TNUnited Kingdom Department of Microbiology Federal University of LafiaNigeria Department of Biochemistry Kaduna State UniversityNigeria Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Florida International UniversityFL 33199USA Department of Biochemistry Bayero University KanoNigeria Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kaduna State UniversityNigeria Department of Biochemistry Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University BauchiNigeria

The present pandemic has posed a crisis to the economy of the world and the health ***,the race to expand research to understand some good molecular targets for vaccine and therapeutic development for SARS-CoV-2 is *** newly discovered coronavirus 2019(COVID-19)is a positive sense,single-stranded RNA,and enveloped virus,assigned to the beta CoV *** virus(SARS-CoV-2)is more infectious than the previously detected coronaviruses(MERS and SARS).Findings from many studies have revealed that S protein and RdRp are good targets for drug repositioning,novel therapeutic development(antibodies and small molecule drugs),and vaccine *** such as chloroquine,convalescent plasma,monoclonal antibodies,spike binding peptides,and small molecules could alter the ability of S protein to bind to the ACE-2 receptor,and drugs such as remdesivir(targeting SARS-CoV-2 RdRp),favipir,and emetine could prevent SASR-CoV-2 RNA *** novel vaccines such as mRNA1273(Moderna),3LNP-mRNAs(Pfizer/BioNTech),and ChAdOx1-S(University of Oxford/Astra Zeneca)targeting S protein have proven to be effective in combating the present *** exploration of the potential of S protein and RdRp is crucial in fighting the present pandemic.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein(S protein) RNA dependent RNA polymerase(RdRp) Drug repositioning SARS-CoV-2-vaccines

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National guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 1018-1042页

作者： Faisal Saud Dar Zaigham Abbas Irfan Ahmed Muhammad Atique usman Iqbal Aujla Muhammad Azeemuddin Zeba Aziz Abu Bakar Hafeez Bhatti Tariq Ali Bangash Amna Subhan Butt Osama Tariq Butt Abdul Wahab Dogar Javed Iqbal Farooqi Faisal Hanif Jahanzaib Haider Siraj Haider Syed Mujahid Hassan Adnan Abdul Jabbar Aman Nawaz Khan Muhammad Shoaib Khan Muhammad Yasir Khan Amer Latif nasir Hassan Luck Ahmad Karim Malik Kamran Rashid Sohail Rashid Mohammad Salih Abdullah Saeed Amjad Salamat Ghias-un-Nabi Tayyab Aasim Yusuf Haseeb Haider Zia Ammara Naveed Department of Hepatopancreatic Biliary Surgery&Liver Transplant Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute&Research CentreLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Hepatogastroenterology and Liver Transplantation Dr.Ziauddin University HospitalKarachi 75600SindhPakistan University of Aberdeen Aberdeen B243FXUnited Kingdom Department of Pathology Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute&Research CentreLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Gastroenterology&Hepatology Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute&Research CentreLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Radiology Aga Khan UniversityKarachi 74800Pakistan Department of Oncology Hameed Latif HospitalLahore 54000Pakistan Division of Hepatopancreatic Biliary Surgery&Liver Transplantation Shifa International HospitalIslamabad 44000Pakistan Department of Hepatopancreatic Biliary Surgery&Liver Transplant Shaikh Zayed Hospital and Post Graduate Medical InstituteLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Medicine Aga Khan University HospitalKarachi 74800Pakistan Department of Liver Transplant Pir Abdul Qadir Shah Jeelani Institute of Medical SciencesGambat 66020Pakistan Department of Medicine&Gastroenterology Lifecare Hospital and Research CentrePeshawar 25000Khyber PakhtunkhwaPakistan Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary&Liver Transplant Bahria International HospitalLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Surgery Hepatopancreatobiliary&Liver TransplantDow University of Health SciencesKarachi 74800Pakistan Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology&NutritionPir Abdul Qadir Shah Jeelani Institute of Medical SciencesGambat 66020Pakistan Department of Oncology Dr.Ziauddin HospitalKarachi 74800Pakistan Department of Radiology Rehman Medical InstitutePeshawar 25000Pakistan Army Liver Transplant Unit Pak Emirates Military HospitalRawalpindi 46000Pakistan Department of Gastroenterology Sindh Institute of Urology and TransplantationKarachi 75500Pakistan Rashid Nursing Home and Cancer Clinic Rashid Nursing Home and Cancer ClinicRawalpindi 46000Pakistan Department of Gastroentero

A consensus meeting of national experts from all major national hepatobiliary centres in the country was held on May 26,2023,at the Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute&Research Centre(PKLI&RC)after initial consultations with the *** Pakistan Society for the Study of Liver Diseases(PSSLD)and PKLI&RC jointly organised this *** effort was based on a comprehensive literature review to establish national practice guidelines for hilar cholangiocarcinoma(hCCA).The consensus was that hCCA is a complex disease and requires a multidisciplinary team approach to best manage these *** coordinated effort can minimise delays and give patients a chance for curative treatment and effective *** diagnostic and staging workup includes high-quality computed tomography,magnetic resonance imaging,and magnetic resonance *** cytology or biopsy utilizing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is a mainstay for ***,histopathologic confirmation is not always required before *** ultrasound with fine needle aspiration of regional lymph nodes and positron emission tomography scan are valuable adjuncts for *** only curative treatment is the surgical resection of the biliary tree based on the Bismuth-Corlette *** patients with unresectable hCCA can be considered for liver *** chemotherapy should be offered to patients with a high risk of *** use of preoperative biliary drainage and the need for portal vein embolisation should be based on local multidisciplinary *** with acute cholangitis can be drained with endoscopic or percutaneous biliary *** chemotherapy with cisplatin and gemcitabine has shown improved survival in patients with irresectable and recurrent hCCA.

关键词： Hilar cholangiocarcinoma Bismuth-Corlette classification Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Centre Staging Preoperative biliary drainage Portal vein embolisation Surgical resection Hepatectomy

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无动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病的糖尿病成人患者预测和预防心力衰竭风险的最佳筛查方法:汇总队列分析

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中华高血压杂志 2024年第1期32卷 7-7页

作者： Patel KV Segar MW Klonoff DC Khan MS usman MS Lam CSP Verma S.DeFlilippis AP nasir K Bakker SJL Westenbrink BD Dullaart RPF Butler J Vaduganathan M Pandey A 袁源(译) 郑武洪(审校) 不详

尚无最佳筛查方法识别发展为心力衰竭的高风险糖尿病个体,以制定预防治疗措施,特别是对于未患动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病(atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease,ASCVD)的糖尿病个体。方法:研究纳入7项社区队列、基线时患有糖尿病但未... 详细信息

尚无最佳筛查方法识别发展为心力衰竭的高风险糖尿病个体,以制定预防治疗措施,特别是对于未患动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病(atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease,ASCVD)的糖尿病个体。方法:研究纳入7项社区队列、基线时患有糖尿病但未患心力衰竭的成年人。

关键词：动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病筛查方法成人患者预防治疗措施队列分析心力衰竭糖尿病高风险

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