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Appropriate teaching and learning strategies for the architectural design process in pedagogic design studios

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2017年第2期6卷 204-217页

作者： ashraf M. Soliman Kingdom University Riffa Bahrain Minia University Minia Egypt

The national qualification framework of a country requires a certain level of knowledge and complexity of skills for an academic degree to be recognized. For architectural programs, student workload is heavy on design courses. Therefore, each course must be carefully developed to ensure that students are not overloaded. Teaching and learning strategies have different implications for courses, which occasionally result in overloading the students. This research aims to study the three main pillars of teaching and [earning strategies for each design phase in pedagogic design studios. The most appropriate model for each teaching and [earning strategy, including a set of the three main pillars, is then identified for each design phase. A practical strategy for managing design studios is also determined. The aforementioned three pillars are as follows： teaching and learning methods, assigned tasks or study aspects, and design communication techniques. Two research methods, namely, a literature review and a survey among design educators, are adopted. The literature review examines aspects that contribute to the design process and its phases, teaching methods, design skills, communication methods, and studio management strategies. On the basis of the literature review, the background of developments and practices in the design education process are used as constructive tools to develop the survey for design educators. Through the survey, the pillars of teaching and [earning strategies that are frequently practiced in design studios are evaluated. Results of this study are classified into three ranks using the nature break classification method for numerical values. Subsequently, three priority models that correspond to teaching and learning strategies, as welt as to the required skills and capabilities, are established. A group-based strategy with an interdisciplinary approach is also determined to be the most suitable technique for managing the pedagogy of architectural

关键词： Architectural design Studio teaching Learning strategy

Fallopian tube assessment of the peristaltic-ciliary flow of a linearly viscous fluid in a finite narrow tube

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2018年第3期39卷 437-454页

作者： H.ashraf A.M.SIDDIQUI M.A.RANA Department of Mathematics and Statistics Riphah International University Department of Mathematics York CampusPennsylvania State University

The present theoretical assessment deals with the peristaltic-ciliary trans- port of a developing embryo within a fallopian tubal fluid in the human fallopian tube. A mathematical model of peristalsis-cilia induced flow of a linearly viscous fluid within a fallopian tubal fluid in a finite two-dimensional narrow tube is developed. The lubrica- tion approximation theory is used to solve the resulting partial differential equation. The expressions for axial and radial velocities, pressure gradient, stream function, volume flow rate, and time mean volume flow rate are derived. Numerical integration is performed for the appropriate residue time over the wavelength and the pressure difference over the wavelength. Moreover, the plots of axial velocity, the appropriate residue time over wavelength, the vector, the pressure difference over wavelength, and the streamlines are displayed and discussed for emerging parameters and constants. Salient features of the pumping characteristics and the trapping phenomenon are discussed in detail. Yhrther- more, a comparison between the peristaltic flow and the peristaltic-ciliary flow is made as the special case. Relevance of the current results to the transport of a developing embryo within a fallopian tubal fluid from ampulla to the intramural in the fallopian tube is also explored. It reveals the fact that cilia along with peristalsis helps to complete the required mitotic divisions while transporting the developing embryo within a fallopian tubal fluid in the human fallopian tube.

关键词： peristaltic-ciliary flow linearly viscous fluid analytic solution human fal-lopian tube

Immunological efficacy of Bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccination in Egyptian children:case series

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2008年第3期1卷 36-41页

作者： Malak Shaheen ashraf Madkour Paediatric departments Ain Shams Faculty of Medicine CairoEgypt Chest Diseases departments Ain Shams Faculty of Medicine CairoEgypt

Bacille Calmette-Gu6rin(BCG) vaccine is one of the most widely used vaccines in *** Egypt,it is a part of the national compulsory childhood immunization *** most controversial aspect of BCG is the variable efficacy found in different *** study was to evaluate the efficacy status of the available BCG vaccine in Egypt within the last 10 years(BCG-Copenhagen).The pilot cross sectional study included 597 Egyptian children randomly *** ages ranged from 6 months to 10 years old(mean_ 5 years,median: 3 years).All were assessed for history of BCG vaccine intake(primary at infancy and/or secondary at school age) and examined for the presence BCG scar.A group of the vaccinated children(62 children with BCG scar and 69 children without BCG scar) were further assessed with tuberculin skin test(TST).Prevalence of BCG vaccine intake in the studied children was 86.9%(519/597).Efficacy in term of BCG scar after vaccination was 66.6%(346/519).However,efficacy in term of post BCG vaccination tuberculin sensitization was only 3.8%(5/131).BCG vaccination program in Egypt seems to be widely prevalent;however, the immunological efficacy of the available strain is questionable.

关键词： BCG vaccine efficacy tuberculin skin test Egypt children

Effect of eccentricity in reinforced concrete beam-column-slab connection under cyclic loading

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2021年第2期15卷 390-398页

作者： Rooh ULLAH Amjad NASEER Muhammad FAHIM Mohammad ashraf Eid BADSHAH Civil Engineering Department University of Engineering&Technology Peshawar KPKPeshawar25000Pakistan

Beam-column connections are one of the most critical elements of reinforced concrete structures,especially in seismically active regions,and have been extensively evaluated experimentally and ***,very limited experimental studies about eccentric reinforced concrete connections including the effect of connected slabs are *** study presents the experimental results of two half-scale eccentric beam-column-slab connections subjected to quasi-static cyclic *** horizontal eccentricity(eh)is maintained at 12.5%and 25%of column width(bc)for specimens 1 and 2,*** damage pattern,performance levels,displacement ductility(μD),energy dissipation,and connection strength and stiffness are compared for both specimens,and the effect of eccentricity is *** is concluded that the eccentricity has no significant effect on the lateral load carrying capacity;however,the overall strength degradation increases with the increase in ***,the elastic stiffness of specimen 2 decreased by 14%as the eccentricity increased from 12.5%to 25%;however,the eccentricity had no significant effect on the overall stiffness degradation.μD decreased by 43%,and the energy dissipation capacity decreased by 40%in specimen 2 with higher *** story drifts corresponding to the performance levels of the life safety(LS)and collapse prevention(CP)were found to be 28%lesser in specimen 2 than in specimen 1.

关键词： corner connection eccentricity strength degradation stiffness degradation energy dissipation performance levels

Transmission ratio (T_n) in the radian direction normal to joints in 2-D compressional wave propagation in rock masses

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Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing 2006年第3期13卷 199-206页

作者： Weidong Lei Jun Teng ashraf Mohamed Hefny Jian Zhao Department of Urban and Civil Engineering Shenzhen Graduate School Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen 518055 China School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne （EPFL） Rock Mechanics Laboratory Lausanne CH-1015 Switzerland College of Architecture and Civil Engineering China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou 221008 China

The transmission ratio along the radian direction normal to the joints was studied in the Universal Distinct Element Code （UDEC）. The variation of the transmission ratio with the ratio of joint spacing to wavelength was generalized into a general curve, which was determined by two critical points. The relationship between the two critical points and the affecting factors, quantity of joints and the normalized normal stiffness of joints, were obtained. A prediction model of the transmission ratio in the radian direction normal to the joints was proposed. The proposed model was applied to a field explosion test. The estimated values of the peak particle velocity from the prediction model were compared with the field records. The comparisons showed that the prediction model of the transmission ratio in the direction normal to the joints in the process of 2-D compressional wave propagation through multiple parallel joints is reliable.

关键词： 2-D compressional wave wave propagation transmission ratio field explosion test

Generalized*-Lie Higher Derivable Mappings on*-Rings

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Algebra Colloquium 2020年第3期27卷 415-432页

作者： Mohammad ashraf Mohd Shuaib Akhtar Bilal Ahmad Wani Department of Mathematics Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh 202002India

Let R be a*-ring with the center Z(R)and N be the set of nonnegative *** this paper,it is shown that if R contains a nontrivial self-adjoint idempotent which admits a generalized Lie higher derivable mapping△={G_(n)}_(n∈N)associated with a*-Lie higher derivable mapping L={L_(n)}_(n∈N),then for any X,Y in R and for each n in N there exists an element Z_(X,Y)(depending on X and Y)in the center Z(R)such that G_(n)(X+Y)=G_(n)(X)+G_(n)(Y)+Z_(X,Y).

关键词： rings derivations *-Lie higher derivable mappings generalized*-Lie higher derivable mappings

Automotive Visible-Light Communication: Alternative Devices and Systems

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清华大学学报:自然科学版(英文版) 2023年第4期28卷 719-728页

作者： Lin Cheng Yue Wu Chenren Xu Khadija ashraf Ashwin Ashok Department of Engineering Trinity CollegeHartfordCT 06106USA Department of Computer Science Yale UniversityNew HavenCT 06520USA Department of Computer Science and Technology Peking UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Computer Science Georgia State UniversityAtlantaGA 30302USA

Continuous advancements in visible-light communication(VLC)technology have paved the way for future high-capacity communication links that can simultaneously provide data transmission and *** is being accepted as a potential complementary technology in 5G networks,and standardization efforts through IEEE 802.15.7 are on their ***,vehicular networking applications have become increasingly complex with tight power and performance ***,devices and systems that can meet diverse vehicular networking applications are in great *** this article,we discuss three alternatives for vehicular networking applications in(1)LED–photodiode-based active VLC,(2)VLC with a multicamera array receiver,and(3)passive VLC based on decoding information from optical *** also present our recent experimental and modeling work using our camera-based and passive VLC prototype implementations.

关键词： visible-light communications automobile camera communications

Deflection test and modal analysis of lightweight timber floors

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2021年第3期6卷 266-278页

作者： Xinyue Zhao Yujie Huang Haiyan Fu Yunlu Wang Zheng Wang usama Sayed College of Materials and Engineering Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037China College of Civil Engineering Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037China

In order to meet the objective requirements of the safety and comfort of the modern lightweight timber floors,and strengthen the research on the coupling performance of the lightweight timber floors vibration characteristics and the building comfort,this article discusses the floor of a two-story prefabricated lightweight timber building demonstration *** this paper,the floor structure of a two-story light-weight wooden house has been carried out on structural calculation modal and experimental modal,static uniform load and concentrated load deflection value *** evaluation of the deflection value of the floor structure,the mode shape,the coupling of the fundamental frequency mode parameters,and the vibration comfort were also *** results show that the fundamental frequency simulation value,one-way modal test value and two-way modal test value of the floor structure all meet the requirements of BS-6472(BS6472-1:2008).That is,the floor structure is not lower than 8 Hz design requirements,and meets the frequency of BS-6472(BS6472-1:2008).The weighted root mean square acceleration is lower than the requirement of 0.45 m/s^(2);the first three natural frequencies of the floor structure calculated by the finite element simulation are 16.413,31.847 and 48.921 Hz,and the fundamental frequency mode is the bending vibration in the length and width *** second order is the bending mode in the length direction,and the third order is the bending mode in the width *** fundamental frequency of the two-way modal test of the floor structure is the first-order bending mode in the X direction;and the second-order natural frequency is the second-order bending vibration shape in the X *** the uniform load is mainly the weight of floor own,the simulated maximum deflection value is 1.0658 mm;the simulation is performed according to the standard value of 0.566 kN/m for the uniform load of the floor design,and the simulation is the largest.

关键词： Lightweight timber structure building Floor structure Static load test Test mode Calculation mode Building comfort

Fruits and Vegetables Freshness Categorization Using Deep Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第6期71卷 5083-5098页

作者： Labiba Gillani Fahad Syed Fahad Tahir usama Rasheed Hafsa Saqib Mehdi Hassan Hani Alquhayz Department of Computer Science National University of Computer and Emerging SciencesIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Science Air UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Information College of Science in ZulfiMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

The nutritional value of perishable food items,such as fruits and vegetables,depends on their freshness *** existing approaches solve a binary class problem by classifying a known fruit\vegetable class into fresh or rotten *** propose an automated fruits and vegetables categorization approach that first recognizes the class of object in an image and then categorizes that fruit or vegetable into one of the three categories:purefresh,medium-fresh,and *** gathered a dataset comprising of 60K images of 11 fruits and vegetables,each is further divided into three categories of freshness,using hand-held *** recognition and categorization of fruits and vegetables are performed through two deep learning models:Visual Geometry Group(VGG-16)and You Only Look Once(YOLO),and their results are ***-16 classifies fruits and vegetables and categorizes their freshness,while YOLO also localizes them within the ***,we have developed an android based application that takes the image of the fruit or vegetable as input and returns its class label and its freshness degree.A comprehensive experimental evaluation of proposed approach demonstrates that the proposed approach can achieve a high accuracy and F1score on gathered FruitVeg Freshness *** dataset is publicly available for further evaluation by the research community.

关键词： Fruits and vegetables classification degree of freshness deep learning object detection model VGG-16 YOLO-v5