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Sex differences in muscle health in simulated micro-and partial-gravity environments in rats

Sports Medicine and Health Science 2023年第4期5卷 319-328页

作者： Megan E.Rosa-Caldwell Marie Mortreux Anna Wadhwa ursula b.kaiser Dong-Min Sung Mary L.bouxsein Seward b.Rutkove Department of Neurology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School330 Brookline AvenueBostonMA02215USA Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences University of Rhode IslandKingstonRI02881USA Division of Endocrinology Diabetes and HypertensionBrigham and Womenʼs Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02215USA Center for Advanced Orthopedic Studies Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02215USA

Skeletal muscle size and strength are important for overall health for ***,how male and female muscle may respond differently to micro-and partial-gravity environments is not fully *** purpose of this study was to determine how biological sex and sex steroid hormones influence the progression of muscle atrophy after long term exposure to micro and partial gravity environments in male and female *** and female Fisher rats(n=120)underwent either castration/ovariectomy or sham *** two weeks recovery,animals were divided into microgravity(0g),partial-gravity(40%of weight bearing,0.4g),or full weight bearing(1g)interventions for 28 *** of muscle size and strength were evaluated prior to and after *** 0g,females lost more dorsiflexion strength,plantar flexion strength,and other metrics of muscle size compared to males;castration/ovariectomy did not influence these ***,at 0.4g,females lost more dorsiflexion strength,plantar flexion strength,and other metrics of muscle strength compared to males;castration/ovariectomy did not influence these *** have greater musculoskeletal aberrations during exposure to both microgravity and partial-gravity environments;these differences are not dependent on the presence of sex steroid ***,additional interventions may be necessary to mitigate musculoskeletal loss in female astronauts to protect occupational and overall health.

关键词： Sex differences Atrophy Muscle strength Plantar flexion Dorsiflexion

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Suppression of MyD88 disturbs gut microbiota and activates the NLR pathway and hence fails to ameliorate DsS-inducedcolitis

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Precision Clinical Medicine 2024年第2期7卷 146-158页

作者： Jun-hua Li Yu Chen Zheng-hao Ye Li-ping Chen Jia-xin Xu Jian Han Lin Xie Shuai Xing De-an Tian ursula Seidler Jia-zhi Liao Fang Xiao Department of Nephrology Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China Department of Gastroenterology Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China Institute of Organ Transplantation Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and EndocrinologyHannover Medical SchoolHannover 30625Germany

background:Myeloid differentiation factor 88(MyD88)is the core adaptor for Toll-like receptors defending against microbial invasion and initiating a downstream immune response during microbiota-host ***,the role of MyD88 in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease is *** study aims to investigate the impact of MyD88 on intestinal inflammation and ***:MyD88 knockout(MyD88^(-/-))mice and the MyD88 inhibitor(TJ-M2010-5)were used to investigate the impact of MyD88 on acute dextran sodium sulfate(Dss)-induced *** activity index,colon length,histological score,and inflammatory cytokines were examined to evaluate the severity of *** transcriptome analysis and 16S rDNA sequencing were used to detect the potential ***:In an acute DSS-colitis model,the severity of colitis was not alleviated in MyD88^(-/-)mice and TJ-M2010-5-treated mice,despite significantly lower levels of NF-kb activation being exhibited compared to control ***,16S rDNA sequencing and RNA transcriptome analysis revealed a higher abundance of intestinal Proteobacteria and an up-regulation of the nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptors(NLRs)signaling pathway in colitis mice following MyD88 *** blockade of the NLRs signaling pathway or elimination of gut microbiota with broad-spectrum antibiotics in DsS-induced colitis mice treated with TJ-M2010-5 ameiorated the disease severity,which was not improved solely by MyD88 *** treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics,downregulation of the NLR signaling pathway was ***:Our study suggests that the suppression of MyD88 might be associated with unfavorable changes in the composition of gut microbiota,leading to NLR-mediated immune activation and intestinal inflammation.

关键词： microbiota innate immunity myeloid differentiation factor 88,MyD88 inhibitor NOD-like receptor inflammatory bowel disease

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Pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone therapy is associated with earlier spermatogenesis compared to combined gonadotropin therapy in patients with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2017年第6期19卷 680-685页

作者： Jiang-Feng Mao Zhao-Xiang Liu Min Nie Xi Wang Hong-Li Xu bing-Kun Huang Jun-Jie Zheng Le Min ursula brigitte kaiser Xue-Yan Wu Department of Endocrinology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Key Laboratory of Endocrinology Ministry of Health Beijing 100730 China Internal Department Division of Endocrinology Diabetes and Hypertension Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA.

both pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone （GnRH） infusion and combined gonadotropin therapy （human chorionic gonadotropin and human menopausal gonadotropin [HCG/HMG]） are effective to induce spermatogenesis in male patients with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism （CH H）. However, evidence is lacking as to which treatment strategy is better. This retrospective cohort study included 202 patients with CHH： twenty had received pulsatile GnRH and 182 had received HCG/HMG. Patients had received therapy for at least 12 months. The total follow-up time was 15.6 ± 5.0 months （range： 12-27 months） for the GnRH group and 28.7 ± 13.0 months （range： 12-66 months） for the HCG/HMG group. The median time to first sperm appearance was 6 months （95% confidence interval [CI]： 1.6-10.4） in the GnRH group versus 18 months （95% Ch 16.4-20.0） in the HCG/HMG group （P〈 0.001）. The median time to achieve sperm concentrations 〉5 x 106 m1-1 was 14 months （95% Ch 5.8-22.2） in the GnRH group versus 27 months （95% Ch 18.9-35.1） in the HCG/HMG group （P 〈 0.001）, and the median time to concentrations 〉10 x 106 m1-1 was 18 months （95% Ch 10.0-26.0） in the GnRH group versus 39 months （95% CI unknown） in the HCG/HMG group. Compared to the GnRH group, the HCG/HMG group required longer treatment periods to achieve testicular sizes of 〉4 ml, 〉8 ml, 〉12 ml, and 〉16 ml. Sperm motility （a ＋ b ＋ c percentage） evaluated in semen samples with concentrations 〉1 × 106 ml-1 was 43.7% ± 20.4% （16 samples） in the GnRH group versus 43.2% ± 18.1% （153 samples） in the HCG/HMG group （P= 0.921）. Notably, during follow-up, the GnRH group had lower serum testosterone levels than the HCG/HMG group （8.3 ±4.6 vs 16.2 ± 8.2 nmol 1-1, P 〈 0.001）. Our study found that pulsatile GnRH therapy was associated with earlier spermatogenesis and larger testicular size compared to combined gonadotropin therapy. Additional prospective randomized studies would be required to confirm these findings.

关键词： combined gonadotropin therapy congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism pulsatile GnRH therapy spermatogenesis

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Artificial sweetener sucralose: a possible modulator of autoimmune diseases

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第11期8卷 5123-5125页

作者： Nicolle Kränkel ursula Rauch-Kroehnert Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité Klinik für KardiologieAngiologie und IntensivmedizinCampus Benjamin-Franklin(CBF)12203BerlinGermany DZHK(German Centre for Cardiovascular Research) Partner site BerlinBerlinGermany Friede Springer—Centre of Cardiovascular Prevention@Charité Charité—University Medicine BerlinBerlinGermany

In their research article in Nature in March 2023,Fabio Zani and colleagues reported that high concentrations of the zero-calorie artificial sweetener sucralose affected the proliferation and differentiation of T cells toward interferon-γ-producing subsets,with no effect observed for b cells and myeloid cells.1 The publication has raised high hopes in the lay press on a widely available cure for patients suffering from autoimmune diseases.

关键词： autoimmune interferon diseases

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Influence of degree of interlock on confined strength of jointed hard rock masses

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2020年第6期12卷 1152-1170页

作者： Navid bahrani Peter K.kaiser a Department of Civil and Resource Engineering Dalhousie UniversityHalifaxNova ScotiaCanada b bharti School of Engineering Laurentian UniversitySudburyOntarioCanada

The strength of jointed rock mass is strongly controlled by the degree of interlock between its constituent rock *** degree of interlock constrains the kinematic freedom of individual rock blocks to rotate and slide along the block forming *** Hoekebrown(Hb)failure criterion and the geological strength index(GSI)were developed based on experiences from mine slopes and tunneling projects in moderately to poorly interlocked jointed rock *** has since then been demonstrated that the approach to estimate the Hb strength parameters based on the GSI strength scaling equations(called the‘GSI strength equations’)tends to underestimate the confined peak strength of highly interlocked jointed rock masses(***>65),where the rock mass is often non-persistently jointed,and the intact rock blocks are strong and *** estimation of the confined strength of such rock masses is relevant when designing mine pillars and abutments at great depths,where the confining pressure is high enough to prevent block rotation and free sliding on block *** this article,a grain-based distinct element modeling approach is used to simulate jointed rock masses of various degrees of interlock and to investigate the influences of block shape,joint persistence and joint surface condition on the confined peak *** focus is on non-persistently jointed and blocky(persistently jointed)rock masses,consisting of hard and homogeneous rock blocks devoid of any strength degrading defects such as *** results from this investigation confirm that the GSI strength equations underestimate the confined strength of highly interlocked and non-persistently jointed rock ***,the GSI strength equations are found to be valid to estimate the confined strength of persistently jointed rock masses with smooth and non-dilatant joint surfaces.

关键词： Rock mass strength Degree of interlock Non-persistently jointed rock mass blocky rock mass Geological strength index(GSI) GSI strength equations

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A Water Movement Study in Lianzhou bay, Guangxi Province, China

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2014年第1期13卷 13-22页

作者： SUN Ting Andreas Macrander David kaiser College of Physical and Environmental Oceanography Ocean University of China Marine Research Institute Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Ecology

This study investigates the physical conditions(water depth, current speed, salinity, temperature) in Lianzhou bay, a shallow coastal bay in southern China, during two expeditions in the dry and wet seasons of 2011. based on these expedition data, basic hydrodynamic parameters like brunt-V?is?l? Frequency, Richardson Number, Rossby radius, and Resonance Period are calculated. The results show that Lianzhou bay is characterized by comparatively small quantity of freshwater input and weak stratification. Strong tides, which are spatially uniform within the bay, cause turbulent mixing. Residence time of the water is shorter in winter due to a stronger coastal current in that season. Consideration of the water movement may help to reduce the harmful ecological impact of aquaculture waste water discharge.

关键词： water movement water mixing process Rossy radius tidal resonance residence time Lianzhou bay

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Schoolchildren from disadvantaged backgrounds present a loss of lean tissue mass and significant increase of body fat mass during the COVID-19 lockdown in Germany:results from the MEDdirect study

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第5期18卷 363-367页

作者： David Muhmann Marvin Droste Jorn Schulz Frederike Linge Lea Ladewig ursula Eisenberg Susanne Roder Rainer buscher University Hospital Essen PediatricsⅡHufelandstr.5545147 EssenGermany be Strong for Kids E.V Sundernholz 10845134 EssenGermany Schule Am Steeler Tor Engelbertstr.445127 EssenGermany

Children from socio-economically disadvantaged backgrounds receive unequal opportunities to succeed in school,which will lead to a decreased health literacy as adults[U].This is not only directly associated with an impaired eco-nomic and mental health and wellbeing of young people,but above all with an in creased adult mortality[1-4].While this problem is well known and described,only few and even fewer pediatric studies suggest how to interrupt this downward spiral consistently[5,6].

关键词： disadvantage adult impaired

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An AMR Capable Finite Element Diffusion Solver for ALE Hydrocodes

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Plasma Science and Technology 2015年第2期17卷 109-116页

作者： A.C.FISHER D.S.bAILEY T.b.kaiser D.C.EDER b.T.N.GUNNEY N.D.MASTERS A.E.KONIGES R.W.ANDERSON Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Lawrence berkeley National Laboratory

We present a novel method for the solution of the diffusion equation on a composite AMR mesh. This approach is suitable for including diffusion based physics modules to hydrocodes that support ALE and AMR capabilities. To illustrate, we proffer our implementations of diffu- sion based radiation transport and heat conduction in a hydrocode called ALE-AMR. Numerical experiments conducted with the diffusion solver and associated physics packages yield 2nd order convergence in the L2 norm.

关键词： hydrodynamic simulation heat conduction thermal radiation adaptive meshrefinement finite element method

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Interpenetrated Magnesium-Tricalcium Phosphate Composite:Manufacture,Characterization and In Vitro Degradation Test

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2017年第4期30卷 319-325页

作者： Mariano Casas-Luna Serhii Tkachenko Miroslava Horynova Lenka Klakurkova Pavel Gejdos Sebastian Diaz-de-la-Torre Ladislav Celko Jozef kaiser Edgar b. Montufar CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology Brno University of TechnologyPurkyfnova 656/123612 00 BmoCzech Republic CIITEC-Centro de Investigacion e Innovacion Tecnologica Instituto Politocnico NacionalCerrada de CECATI02250 Mexico CityMexico

Magnesium and calcium phosphates composites are promising biomaterials to create biodegradable load-bearing implants for bone regeneration. The present investigation is focused on the design of an interpenetrated magnesium- tricalcium phosphate （Mg-TCP） composite and its evaluation under immersion test. In the study, TCP porous preforms were fabricated by robocasting to have a prefect control of porosity and pore size and later infiltrated with pure commercial Mg through current-assisted metal infiltration （CAMI） technique. The microstructure, composition, distribution of phases and degradation of the composite under physiological simulated conditions were analysed by scanning electron microscopy, elemental chemical analysis and X-ray diffraction. The results revealed that robocast TCP preforms were full infiltrated by magnesium through CAMI, even small pores below 2 μm have been filled with Mg, giving to the composite a good interpenetration. The degradation rate of the Mg-TCP composite displays lower value compared to the one of pure Mg during the first 24 h of immersion test.

关键词： Calcium phosphate Magnesium Liquid metal infiltration Spark plasma sintering Corrosion

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An inverted triplesalen ligand by a convergent synthesis and its influence on trinuclear Fe_3~Ⅲ complexes

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Science China Chemistry 2012年第6期55卷 951-966页

作者： FELDSCHER bastian KRICKEMEYER Erich MOSELAGE Marc THEIL Hubert HOEKE Veronika kaiser Yvonne STAMMLER Anja bGGE Hartmut GLASER Thorsten Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I Fakultt für Chemie Universitt Bielefeld Universittsstr. 25 D-33615 Bielefeld Germany

The inverted triplesalen ligand H6feldMe has been synthesized from 2,4,6-triformyl-phloroglucinol and a ketimine salen half-unit in a convergent synthesis. NMR, IR, and UV-vis spectroscopy reveal that this ligand is not in the O-protonated tau- tomer but in the N-protonated tautomer with substantial heteroradialene contribution. This ligand and the conventional triple- salen ligand H6talent-au2 have been used to synthesize the trinuclear Fem complexes [（feldMe）（FeCl）3] and [（talent-bu2）（FeC1）3], respectively. The molecular structures of these complexes were obtained by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Two trinuclear Fem complexes of [（feldMe）（FeCl）3] dimerize via two Fe-phenolate bonds, whereas due to steric hindrance no dimerization is observed for [（talent-bu2）（FeC1）3]. The structural data also reveal some heteroradialene contribution in the trinuclear complexes. Whereas UV-vis and MOlSbauer spectroscopy are not suitable to distinguish between the two complexes, FT-IR spectra show characteristic features due to the different substitution patterns of the conventional and the inverted triplesalen ligands. Another handle is provided by electrochemistry. Whereas both complexes exhibit an irreversible oxidation wave （0.94 V vs. Fc＋/Fc for [（feldMe）（FeC1）3] and 0.84 V vs. Fc~/Fc for [（talent-bu2）（FeC1）3]）, which is assigned to the oxidation of the central backbone, higher potential oxidations are reversible for [（talent-bu2）（FeC1）3]） but irreversible for [（feldMe）（FeC1）3]. This is attributed to the reversible oxidation of the terminal phenolates in the di-tert-butyl substituted [（talentbu2）（FeCl）3] in contrast to the mono-methyl-substituted phenolates in [（feld^ae）（FeC1）3]. The magnetic properties of [（talen^-bu2）（FeC1）3] reveal a very small ferromagnetic coupling with significant zero-field splitting of the Feul S = 5/2 ions. In contrast, the dimerization of two trinu- clear complexes in [（feldMe）（FeCl）3] results in antiferromagnetic interactions between the two pheno

关键词： magnetic properties iron complexes spin-polarization triplesalen

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