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Microbial calcite,a bio-based smart nanomaterial in concrete remediation

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International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 2010年第1期1卷 28-39页

作者： S.S.Bang J.J.Lippert u.Yerra S.Mulukutla v.Ramakrishnan Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering South Dakota School of Mines and TechnologyRapid CitySD 57701USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering South Dakota School of Mines and TechnologyRapid CitySD 57701USA

The concept of developing a biosealant in concrete remediation is based on unique microbial metabolic processes.A common soil microorganism,Sporosarcina pasteurii,can induce CaCO_(3) precipitation in the surroundings in response to environmental cues such as high pH and available nutrients and minerals.A new biomolecule,microbial calcite is introduced as a smart nanomaterial for self-healing concrete-its effects on concrete performance were evaluated with regard to surface crack remediation and durability *** crack remediation,*** cells immobilized on porous glass beads,Siran^(TM),were applied to cracks and tested for stiffness and compressive *** durability tests,cement mortar beams prepared with bacteria were subjected to freeze-thaw cycles and examined for mean expansions and weight *** performance of the concrete was significantly enhanced by treatment with microbial calcite in simulated concrete cracks and cement mortar beams.

关键词： biosealant microbial calcite smart nanomaterial Sporosarcina pasteurii immobilization concrete remediation

Effect of coke properties and its blending recipe on performances of carbon anode for aluminium electrolysis

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Journal of Central South university of Technology 2006年第6期13卷 647-652页

作者：刘凤琴刘业翔 Mannweiler u Perruchoud R School of Metallurgical Science and Engineering Central South University Mannweiler Consulting Hadlaubstrasse 71 CH-8006 Zuerich Switzerland R & D Carbon Ltd. P.O. Box 362 CH-3960 Sierre Switzerland

The properties and blending recipe of petroleum cokes used to make high quality carbon anodes for aluminium electrolysis were studied. Three kinds of green cokes were selected for bench scale study to illustrate the effects of cokes properties and its blending recipe on anode performances. The results show that impurities derived mainly fi＇om cokes remarkably affect the CO2 reactivity and air reactivity of carbon anodes. Ca, Na and v can increase CO2 reactivity of calcined cokes but S has the contrary effect, and the cokes of high v level generally present high air reactivity. The anodes with good quality can be made by properly selecting and scientifically blending of cokes, some poor quality cokes can also be used to produce high quality anodes with a reasonable blending recipe. Na contaminated anodes have high CO2 reactivity and air reactivity, so the recycled anode butts should be well cleaned to reduce Na content before being introduced into anode production, which is especially important to the low S cokes.

关键词： petroleum coke blending recipe quality carbon anode, aluminium electrolysis

The structure, expression, and multifaceted role of immune-checkpoint protein vISTA as a critical regulator of anti-tumor immunity, autoimmunity, and inflammation

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2018年第5期15卷 438-446页

作者： Wenwen Xu TạMinh Hiếu Subramaniam Malarkannan Li Wang Department of Microbiology and Immunology MilwaukeeWI 53226USA Department of Medicine MilwaukeeWI 53226USA Department of Pediatrics Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI 53226USA Blood Research Institute MilwaukeeWI 53226USA

Among various immunoregulatory molecules,the B7 family of immune-checkpoint receptors consists of highly valuable targets for cancer *** targeting two B7 family co-inhibitory receptors,CTLA-4 and PD-1,have elicited long-term clinical outcomes in previously refractory cancer types and are considered a breakthrough in cancer *** the success,the relatively low response rate(20–30%)warrants efforts to identify and overcome additional immune-suppressive *** the expanding list of T cell inhibitory regulators,v domain immunoglobulin suppressor of T cell activation(vISTA)is a unique B7 family checkpoint that regulates a broad spectrum of immune ***,we summarize recent advances that highlight the structure,expression,and multi-faceted immunomodulatory mechanisms of vISTA in the context of autoimmunity,inflammation,and anti-tumor immunity.

关键词： cancer immunotherapy immune checkpoint autoimmunity inflammation tumor immunity

A v2I communication-based pipeline model for adaptive urban traffic light scheduling

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2019年第5期13卷 929-942页

作者： Libing Wu Lei NIE Samee u. KHAN Osman KHALID Dan Wu School of Cyber Science and Engineering Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China School of Computer Science Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China School of Computer Science and Technology Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430065 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering North Dakota State University Fargo USA COMS ATS Institute of Information Technology Islamabad Pakistan School of Computer Science University of Windsor Windsor Ontario Canada

Adaptive traffic light scheduling based on realtime traffic information processing has proven effective for urban traffic congestion management. However, fine-grained information regarding individual vehicles is difficult to acquire through traditional data collection techniques and its accuracy cannot be guaranteed because of congestion and harsh environments. In this study, we first build a pipeline model based on vehicle-to-infrastructure communication, which is a salient technique in vehicular adhoc networks. This model enables the acquisition of fine-grained and accurate traffic information in real time via message exchange between vehicles and roadside units. We then propose an intelligent traffic light scheduling method (ITLM) based on a “demand assignment” principle by considering the types and turning intentions of vehicles. In the context of this principle, a signal phase with more vehicles will be assigned a longer green time. Furthermore, a green-way traffic light scheduling method (GTLM) is investigated for special vehicles (e.g., ambulances and fire engines) in emergency scenarios. Signal states will be adjusted or maintained by the traffic light control system to keep special vehicles moving along smoothly. Comparative experiments demonstrate that the ITLM reduces average wait time by 34%-78% and average stop frequency by 12%-34% in the context of traffic management. The GTLM reduces travel time by 22%^44% and 30%-55% under two types of traffic conditions and achieves optimal performance in congested scenarios.

关键词： traffic light scheduling vehicular ad hoc networks pipeline model vehicle-to-infrastructure communication intersection

Palliative long-term abdominal drains vs large volume paracenteses for the management of refractory ascites in end-stage liver disease

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第3期16卷 428-438页

作者： Senamjit Kaur Rodrigo v Motta Bryony Chapman victoria Wharton Jane D Collier Francesca Saffioti Oxford Liver unit Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustOxford OX39DUUnited Kingdom Oxford Liver unit and Translational Gastroenterology unit Nuffield Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxford OX39DUUnited Kingdom

BACKGROuND Long-term abdominal drains(LTAD)are a cost-effective palliative measure to manage malignant ascites in the community,but their use in patients with end-stage chronic liver disease and refractory ascites is not routine *** safety and cost-effectiveness of LTAD are currently being studied in this setting,with preliminary positive *** hypothesised that palliative LTAD are as effective and safe as repeat palliative large volume paracentesis(LvP)in patients with cirrhosis and refractory ascites and may offer advantages in patients’quality of *** To compare the effectiveness and safety of palliative LTAD and LvP in refractory ascites secondary to end-stage chronic liver *** A retrospective,observational cohort study comparing the effectiveness and safety outcomes of palliative LTAD and regular palliative LvP as a treatment for refractory ascites in consecutive patients with end-stage chronic liver disease followed-up at our united Kingdom tertiary centre between 2018 and 2022 was ***’s exact tests and the Mann-Whitney u test were used to compare qualitative and quantitative variables,***-Meier survival estimates were generated to stratify time-related outcomes according to the type of *** Thirty patients had a total of 35 indwelling abdominal drains and nineteen patients underwent regular *** baseline characteristics were similar between the *** antibiotics were more frequently prescribed in patients with LTAD(P=0.012),while the incidence of peritonitis did not differ between the two groups(P=0.46).The incidence of acute kidney injury(P=0.014)and ascites/drain-related hospital admissions(P=0.004)were significantly higher in the LvP *** overall survival was similar in the two groups(log-rank P=0.26),but the endpoint-free survival was significantly shorter in the LvP group(P=0.003,Pute kidney injury and drain

关键词： Decompensated liver cirrhosis Indwelling abdominal catheter Rocket drain Palliative care Safety Quality of life

Evaluation of the diagnostic performance of a commercial molecular assay for the screening of suspected monkeypox cases in Sri Lanka

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Infectious Medicine 2023年第2期2卷 136-142页

作者： H.B.C.Harshani G.A.Liyanage D.v.R.G.Ruwan u.K.I.u.Samaraweera J.I.Abeynayake Medical Research Institute Colombo 08Sri Lanka

Background:The main objective of the present study was to compare the diagnostic performance of the commercial LightMix Modular Monkeypox virus(MPXv)qPCR(TIB Molbiol,Germany)assay with the in-house non-variola orthopox/monkeypox generic real-time PCR assay(ICMR-NIv,Pune)for the screening of(MPXv)cases at Medical Research Institute(MRI)in Sri ***,clinical and sociodemographic data of suspected/confirmed cases received at MRI for the MPXv screening were also ***:The diagnostic performance of the commercial LightMix Modular MPXv qPCR assay with the in-house nonvariola orthopox/monkeypox generic real-time PCR assay for the screening of suspected MXPv cases was evaluated using standard methods with minor ***-demographic and clinical profiles of suspected and confirmed MPXv cases were also ***:The commercial LightMix Modular MPXv assay was able to detect MPXv with 100%sensitivity and specificity with non-variola orthopox/monkeypox generic rtPCR *** the period of study,from the total of 25 samples tested,only 2 were MPXv-positive(males).The most common symptoms of suspected MPXv cases were lesions or rashes(92%).Conclusions:With the continually increasing number of cases,access to MPXv testing should be made more widely *** commercial LightMix Modular MPXv(TIB Molbiol)qPCR assay offers comparable performance to the non-variola orthopox/monkeypox generic real time PCR assay for MPXv detection during the present outbreak.

关键词： Orthopoxvirus Monkeypox virus Real-time PCR assays Patient screening

Anthropogenic Pressure on Structure and Composition of a Shola Forest in Kerala, India

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Journal of Mountain Science 2006年第1期3卷 58-70页

作者： u.M. Chandrashekara P.K. Muraleedharan v. Sibichan Kerala Forest Research Institute Sub Centre Kerala Forest Research Institute

The montane closed evergreen forests found at altitudes above 1,800 m in the Western Ghats of India possess a distinct vegetation type and are called shola forests. Despite the fact that these forests are located in relatively inaccessible areas, they are still under anthropogenic pressure leading to continued habitat degradation and loss of biomass and biodiversity. A case study was conducted in Mananvan shola, the largest shola forest in Kerala of Western Ghats, to recognize the impact of disturbance on vegetation structure, composition and regeneration pattern, to identify the socio-economic reasons for disturbance and to evolve strategies for its management. In the disturbed part of the forest, dominance of light demanding species in tree, shrub and herb communities has been recorded. Here even the dominance of exotic species in tree seedling, shrub and herb communities is prominent. Skewed girth class distribution of tree community with poor representation by the individuals of girth class 30.1 to 90.0 cm, is also an indication of the collection of small wood and poles from the forest. The RISQ (Ramakrishnan Index of Stand Quality) in the disturbed area of the forest is above 2.0 as against near to 1.0 in relatively undisturbed forest standssuggesting that the disturbance is intensive and thus natural recovery process would be slow. Socio- economic analysis in villages located near the shola forest revealed the fact that the people depended heavily on this forest for their livelihood. Thus, the crux and the success of future management and conservation strategy depend on how one can reduce the dependency of people on the shola vegetation. Enrichment planting in disturbed parts of shola, enhancement of firewood by raising energy plantations, as well as development of lemongrass and firewood based agroforestry systems and reduction of grazing pressure by developing silvopastoral systems are the major strategies for the conservation of these shola forests.

关键词： Anthropogenic disturbance montane forest shola forest species composition western ghats of India

Trace element geochemistry and stable isotopic(δ^(13)C andδ^(15)N)records of the Paleocene coals,Salt Range,Punjab,Pakistan

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2022年第3期32卷 551-561页

作者： Noshin Masood Tehseen Zafar Karen A.Hudson-Edwards Hafiz u.Rehman Abida Farooqi Environmental Geochemistry Laboratory Department of Environmental SciencesFaculty of Biological SciencesQuaid-i-Azam UniversityPO 45320Pakistan Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081China Institute of Geology University of the PunjabLahore 54590Pakistan Environment&Sustainability Institute and Camborne School of Mines University of ExeterTR109EZUK Graduate School of Sciences and Engineering Kagoshima UniversityKagoshima 890-0065Japan

The Paleocene coals of the Salt Range in the Punjab Province of Pakistan have great economic potential;however,their trace element and stable isotopic characteristics have not been studied in detail except for a few sporadic *** this study,a total of 59 coal samples of which 14 are obtained from open cast mines have been investigated for elemental composition andδ^(13)C-δ^(15)N isotopic *** contents of trace elements such as Co,Cr,Cu,Pb,Sr,Th,u,v,and Zn are 7.4,41.7,11.2,12.5,90.2,4.0,1.9,128,and 31.1 mg/kg,*** values,when compared with the World Coal Clarke values,were relatively higher in low-rank coals in comparison with Clarke values for brown ***,As(20.4 mg/kg),Co(6.6 mg/kg),Cr(22.4 mg/kg),Cu(^(13).3 mg/kg),Pb(19.2 mg/kg),Sr(^(15)4.7 mg/kg),Th(2.5 mg/kg),v(47.8 mg/kg),and Zn(75.1 mg/kg)were significantly higher in the sub-bituminous to bituminous coals of the Salt *** analysis,based on X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,revealed that the studied samples contain illite,kaolinite calcite,gypsum,pyrite,and *** affinity with organic and inorganic phases of coals calculated by an indirect statistical approach indicated a positive association of ash content with Ag,Al,Co,Cr,Cs,Cu,Mn,P,Rb,Pb,Th,u,and v,suggesting the presence of inorganic components in studied ***,As,Fe,Sr,and Zn exhibit negative correlations that imply their association with the organic ***δ^(13)C andδ^(15)N isotopic range and average−24.94‰to−25.86‰(−25.41‰)and−2.77‰to 3.22‰(0.96‰),respectively,reflecting 3C type modern terrestrial vegetation were common in the palaeomires of studied coal *** addition,the trivial variations of 0.92‰and 0.45‰among^(13)C and^(15)N values can be attributed to water level fluctuations and plant assemblies.

关键词： Coal Salt Range Pakistan Geochemistry Trace elements δ^(13)C andδ^(15)N isotopes

The transition from backarc extension to Andean growth:Insights from geochronologic,sedimentologic,and structural studies of Mesozoic and Cenozoic sedimentary and volcanic rocks in south-central Chile(36°S)

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第5期15卷 93-117页

作者： Alfonso Encinas Nicolás Henríquez Daniel Castro Darío Orts Diego Kietzmann Franco Iovino Paulo vásquez Andrés Folguera victor valencia Facundo Fuentes Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra Facultad de Ciencias QuímicasUniversidad de ConcepciónVíctor Lamas 1290Concepción 4030000Chile universidad Nacional de Río Negro.Instituto de Investigación en Paleobiología y Geología.General Roca Río NegroArgentina Instituto de Investigación en Paleobiología y Geología(IIPG).CONICET.Av.J.A.Roca 1242 8332 General RocaRío NegroArgentina universidad de Buenos Aires Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesDepartamento de Ciencias GeológicasCiudad UniversitariaPabellón IIIntendente Güiraldes 2160C1428EHA Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos AiresArgentina CONICET-universidad de Buenos Aires Instituto de Geociencias BásicasAmbientales y Aplicadas de Buenos Aires(IGeBA)Ciudad UniversitariaPabellón IIIntendente Güiraldes 2160C1428EHA Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos AiresArgentina Instituto de Estudios Andinos‘‘Don Pablo Groeber”(IDEAN) CONICET-Universidad de Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina Washington State university School of the EnvironmentPullmanUSA Yacimientos Petrolíferos Fiscales(YPF)S.A. Buenos AiresArgentina

Many studies propose a significant shift in the tectonic and paleogeographic evolution of the Andes in south-central Chile and Argentina during the Late *** has been proposed that the preceding Jurassic-Early Cretaceous extensional regime that resulted in a low-relief volcanic arc and the backarc Neuquén basin came to an end,giving way to shortening and Andean growth from the Late Cretaceous ***,there are disagreements regarding the timing and nature of this transition to Andean *** address these issues,we conducted geochronologic(u-Pb and^(40)Ar/&(39)Ar),sedimentologic,and structural studies on Mesozoic-Cenozoic sedimentary and volcanic rocks in the Río Maule area(Principal Cordillera,Chile,36°S).From our findings and prior analyses,we propose the following tectono-stratigraphic evolution of the region.(1)Marine deposition of the Tithonian-Hauterivian Baños del Flaco Formation took place in an extensional backarc basin.(2)After a~40 Myr hiatus,fluvial deposits of the Colimapu Formation and volcanic rocks of the Plan de los Yeuques Formation accumulated during the *** the Colimapu Formation displays evidence of syndepositional shortening,the Plan de los Yeuques Formation exhibits synextensional growth *** to other studies,our results suggest that the Chilean part of the Principal Cordillera was largely a zone of active deposition rather than an elevated fold-thrust belt during the Late *** propose that sedimentation occurred within a series of relatively stable intermontane subbasins generated by shortening,followed by extension.(3)After a~20 Myr hiatus,middle Eocene to early Miocene(Lutetian-Aquitanian)accumulation of a thick succession of andesitic lavas and minor clastic sediments of the Abanico Formation occurred in an intraarc extensional basin.(4)Finally,major shortening and uplift of previously deposited Mesozoic-Cenozoic rocks took place throughout the *** phase constitu

关键词： Andes South-central Chile Backarc basin Foreland basin Fold-thrust belt