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Impact of microplastics and nanoplastics on liver health:Current understanding and future research directions

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 1011-1017页

作者： Chun-Cheng Chiang Hsuan Yeh Ruei-Feng Shiu Wei-Chun Chin tzung-hai yen School of Medicine University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15213United States Pittsburgh Liver Research Center University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15213United States Division of Experimental Pathology Department of PathologyUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15213United States Division of Endocrinology Department of PediatricsUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15213United States Center of Excellence for The Oceans National Taiwan Ocean UniversityKeelung 20224Taiwan Institute of Marine Environment and Ecology National Taiwan Ocean UniversityKeelung 20224TaiwanChina Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California MercedMercedCA 95343United States Department of Nephrology Clinical Poison CenterChang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuan 333TaiwanChina College of Medicine Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuan 333TaiwanChina

With continuous population and economic growth in the 21st century,plastic pollution is a major global issue.However,the health concern of microplastics/nanoplastics(MPs/NPs)decomposed from plastic wastes has drawn public attention only in the recent decade.This article summarizes recent works dedicated to understanding the impact of MPs/NPs on the liver-the largest digestive organ,which is one of the primary routes that MPs/NPs enter human bodies.The interrelated mechanisms including oxidative stress,hepatocyte energy re-distribution,cell death and autophagy,as well as immune responses and inflammation,were also featured.In addition,the disturbance of microbiome and gut-liver axis,and the association with clinical diseases such as metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease,steatohepatitis,liver fibrosis,and cirrhosis were briefly discussed.Finally,we discussed potential directions in regard to this trending topic,highlighted current challenges in research,and proposed possible solutions.

关键词： Microplastics Nanoplastics Liver Reactive oxidative species Cell death Autophagy Innate immunity Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease Gut-liver axis

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Push forward LC-MS-based therapeutic drug monitoring and pharmacometabolomics for anti-tuberculosis precision dosing and comprehensive clinical management

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2024年第1期14卷 16-38页

作者： Nguyen Quang Thu Nguyen Tran Nam Tien Nguyen Thi hai yen Thuc-Huy Duong Nguyen Phuoc Long Huy Truong Nguyen Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center Inje University College of MedicineBusan47392Republic of Korea Department of Chemistry University of EducationHo Chi Minh City700000Viet Nam Faculty of Pharmacy Ton Duc Thang UniversityHo Chi Minh City700000Viet Nam

The spread of tuberculosis(TB),especially multidrug-resistant TB and extensively drug-resistant TB,has strongly motivated the research and development of new anti-TB drugs.New strategies to facilitate drug combinations,including pharmacokinetics-guided dose optimization and toxicology studies of first-and second-line anti-TB drugs have also been introduced and recommended.Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS)has arguably become the gold standard in the analysis of both endo-and exo-genous compounds.This technique has been applied successfully not only for therapeutic drug monitoring(TDM)but also for pharmacometabolomics analysis.TDM improves the effectiveness of treatment,reduces adverse drug reactions,and the likelihood of drug resistance development in TB patients by determining dosage regimens that produce concentrations within the therapeutic target window.Based on TDM,the dose would be optimized individually to achieve favorable outcomes.Pharmacometabolomics is essential in generating and validating hypotheses regarding the metabolism of anti-TB drugs,aiding in the discovery of potential biomarkers for TB diagnostics,treatment monitoring,and outcome evaluation.This article highlighted the current progresses in TDM of anti-TB drugs based on LC-MS bioassay in the last two decades.Besides,we discussed the advantages and disadvantages of this technique in practical use.The pressing need for non-invasive sampling approaches and stability studies of anti-TB drugs was highlighted.Lastly,we provided perspectives on the prospects of combining LC-MS-based TDM and pharmacometabolomics with other advanced strategies(pharmacometrics,drug and vaccine developments,machine learning/artificial intelligence,among others)to encapsulate in an all-inclusive approach to improve treatment outcomes of TB patients.

关键词： Tuberculosis Therapeutic drug monitoring LC-MS MIPD Pharmacometabolomics Precision medicine

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Hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with renal dysfunction: Pathophysiology, prognosis, and treatment challenges

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第26期27卷 4104-4142页

作者： Hsuan Yeh Chung-Cheng Chiang tzung-hai yen Department of Nephrology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung UniversityTaipei 105Taiwan Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuan 333Taiwan

The population of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)overlaps to a high degree with those for chronic kidney disease(CKD)and end-stage renal disease(ESRD).The degrees of renal dysfunction vary,from the various stages of CKD to dialysis-dependent ESRD,which often affects the prognosis and treatment choice of patients with HCC.In addition,renal dysfunction makes treatment more difficult and may negatively affect treatment outcomes.This study summarized the possible causes of the high comorbidity of HCC and renal dysfunction.The possible mechanisms of CKD causing HCC involve uremia itself,long-term dialysis status,immunosuppressive agents for postrenal transplant status,and miscellaneous factors such as hormone alterations and dysbiosis.The possible mechanisms of HCC affecting renal function include direct tumor invasion and hepatorenal syndrome.Finally,we categorized the risk factors that could lead to both HCC and CKD into four categories:Environmental toxins,viral hepatitis,metabolic syndrome,and vasoactive factors.Both CKD and ESRD have been reported to negatively affect HCC prognosis,but more research is warranted to confirm this.Furthermore,ESRD status itself ought not to prevent patients receiving aggressive treatments.This study then adopted the well-known Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer guidelines as a framework to discuss the indicators for each stage of HCC treatment,treatment-related adverse renal effects,and concerns that are specific to patients with pre-existing renal dysfunction when undergoing aggressive treatments against CKD and ESRD.Such aggressive treatments include liver resection,simultaneous liver kidney transplantation,radiofrequency ablation,and transarterial chemoembolization.Finally,focusing on patients unable to receive active treatment,this study compiled information on the latest systemic pharmacological therapies,including targeted and immunotherapeutic drugs.Based on available clinical studies and Food and Drug Administration labels,this study details the drug indications,side

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Chronic kidney disease End-stage renal disease Hemodialysis Cancer prognosis Cancer therapeutics

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Wedelolactone from Eclipta prostrata(L)L.suppresses inflammation and improves insulin resistance

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第6期14卷 253-258页

作者： Trinh Tat Cuong Duong Duc Thien Hoang hai yen Nguyen Anh Duc Trinh Quang Nam Do Viet Khanh Key Laboratory for Enzyme and Protein Technology Vietnam National University University of ScienceHanoiVietnam Faculty of Biology Vietnam National University University of ScienceHanoiVietnam Hanoi University of Pharmacy HanoiVietnam Vinschool HanoiVietnam

Objective:To evaluate the effects of wedelolactone,a major flavonoid from Vietnamese Eclipta prostrata(L)L.,on inflammation and insulin resistance.Methods:Wedelolactone was extracted from the leaves of Vietnamese Eclipta prostrata(L.)L.with methanol by Soxhlet.The effects of wedelolactone on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced cytokine production,reactive oxygen species(ROS)generation,and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate(NADPH)oxidase activities in Raw 264.7 cells were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),specific immunofluorescent dyes and luminometric analysis,respectively.In addition,its effects on glucose uptake and the protein expression of insulin receptor substrate 1(IRS1)and glucose transporter 4(GLUT4)were examined in 3T3-L1 cells by immunofluorescent dyes and Western blot.Results:Wedelolactone at 30μg/mL significantly inhibited LPS-induced production of tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin(IL)-6,and IL-8(P<0.01)with no noticeable effects on IL-10 level.It also reduced ROS generation and NADPH oxidase activities in LPS-stimulated Raw 264.7 cells(P<0.01).Furthermore,wedelolactone showed anti-insulin resistance activity,as evidenced by improved glucose uptake and the upregulated expression of IRS1 and GLUT4 in 3T3-L1 cells(P<0.01).Conclusions:Wedelolactone exhibits anti-inflammation and anti-insulin resistance effects,which may be used for the treatment of diabetes and inflammation-associated diseases.

关键词： Wedelolactone Eclipta prostrata Inflammatory responses Anti-insulin resistance Diabetes IRS1 GLUT4

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Stable operation of highly loaded pure Si-Fe anode under ambient pressure via carboxy silane-directed robust solid electrolyte interphase

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 568-576页

作者： Guntae Lim Dong Guk Kang Hyeon Gyu Lee yen hai Thi Tran Kihun An Junghyun Choi Kwang Chul Roh Do Youb Kim Seung-Wan Song Department of Chemical Engineering&Applied Chemistry Chungnam National University Daejeon 34134Republic of Korea Energy Storage Materials Center Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering&TechnologyJinju 52851Republic of Korea Advanced Energy Materials Research Center Korea Research Institute of Chemical TechnologyDaejeon 34114Republic of Korea

Incorporation of higher content Si anode material beyond 5 wt%to Li-ion batteries(LIBs)is challenging,owing to large volume change,swelling,and solid electrolyte interphase(SEl)instability issues.Herein,a strategy of diacetoxydimethylsilane(DAMS)additive-directed SEI stabilization is proposed for a stable operation of Si-0.33FeSi_(2)(named as Si-Fe)anode without graphite,which provides siloxane inorganics and organics enrichment that compensate insufficient passivation of fluoroethylene carbonate(FEC)additive and reduce a dependence on FEC.Unprecedented stable cycling performance of highly loaded(3.5 mA h cm^(-2))pure Si-Fe anode is achieved with 2 wt%DAMS combined with 9 wt%FEC additives under ambient pressure,yielding high capacity 1270 mA h g^(-1)at 0.5 C and significantly improved capacity retention of 81%after 100 cycles,whereas short circuit and rapid capacity fade occur with FEC only addi-tive.DAMS-directed robust SEI layer dramatically suppresses swelling and particles crossover through separator,and therefore prevents short circuit,demonstrating a possible operation of pure Si or Si-dominant anodes in the next-generation high-energy-density and safe LIBs.

关键词： High-energy Li-ion battery Pure Si-Fe anode without graphite Silane additive SEI layer Suppressed swelling

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Application of dental stem cells in three-dimensional tissue regeneration

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2021年第11期13卷 1610-1624页

作者： Hui-Yi Hsiao Chung-Yi Nien Hsiang-Hsi Hong Ming-Huei Cheng tzung-hai yen Center for Tissue Engineering Chang Gung Memorial HospitalLinkou BranchTaoyuan 333Taiwan Department of Life Sciences National Central UniversityZhongliTaoyuan 320Taiwan Department of Periodontics Chang Gung Memorial HospitalLinkou BranchTaoyuan 333Taiwan Division of Reconstructive Microsurgery Department of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryChang Gung Memorial HospitalLinkou BranchCollege of MedicineChang Gung UniversityTaoyuan 333Taiwan Department of Nephrology Clinical Poison CenterChang Gung Memorial HospitalLinkou BranchTaoyuan 333Taiwan School of Traditional Chinese Medicine College of MedicineChang Gung UniversityTaoyuan 333Taiwan

Dental stem cells can differentiate into different types of cells.Dental pulp stem cells,stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth,periodontal ligament stem cells,stem cells from apical papilla,and dental follicle progenitor cells are five different types of dental stem cells that have been identified during different stages of tooth development.The availability of dental stem cells from discarded or removed teeth makes them promising candidates for tissue engineering.In recent years,three-dimensional(3D)tissue scaffolds have been used to reconstruct and restore different anatomical defects.With rapid advances in 3D tissue engineering,dental stem cells have been used in the regeneration of 3D engineered tissue.This review presents an overview of different types of dental stem cells used in 3D tissue regeneration,which are currently the most common type of stem cells used to treat human tissue conditions.

关键词： Dental stem cells Dental pulp stem cells Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth Periodontal ligament stem cells Stem cells from apical papilla Dental follicle progenitor cells Three-dimensional tissue regeneration

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Organophosphate pesticides and new-onset diabetes mellitus:From molecular mechanisms to a possible therapeutic perspective

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World Journal of Diabetes 2021年第11期12卷 1818-1831页

作者： Ya-Ling Chung Yi-Chou Hou I-Kuan Wang Kuo-Cheng Lu tzung-hai yen Department of Medical Laboratory Cardinal-Tien HospitalNew Taipei City 231Taiwan Department of Internal Medicine Cardinal Tien HospitalNew Taipei City 231Taiwan Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine College of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei 110Taiwan School of Medicine Fu Jen Catholic UniversityNew Taipei City 24205Taiwan Department of Nephrology China Medical University HospitalTaichung 404Taiwan College of Medicine China Medical UniversityTaichung 404Taiwan Division of Nephrology Department of MedicineFu Jen Catholic University HospitalNew Taipei City 242Taiwan Division of Nephrology Department of MedicineTaipei Tzu Chi HospitalBuddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationNew Taipei City 231Taiwan Department of Nephrology Chang Gung Memorial HospitalLinkou 333Taiwan School of Traditional Chinese Medicine College of MedicineChang Gung UniversityTaoyuan 333Taiwan

Organophosphate is a commonly used pesticide in the agricultural sector.The main action of organophosphate focuses on acetylcholinesterase inhibition,and it therefore contributes to acute cholinergic crisis,intermediate syndrome and delayed neurotoxicity.From sporadic case series to epidemiologic studies,organophosphate has been linked to hyperglycemia and the occurrence of newonset diabetes mellitus.Organophosphate-mediated direct damage to pancreatic beta cells,insulin resistance related to systemic inflammation and excessive hepatic gluconeogenesis and polymorphisms of the enzyme governing organophosphate elimination are all possible contributors to the development of newonset diabetes mellitus.To date,a preventive strategy for organophosphatemediated new-onset diabetes mellitus is still lacking.However,lowering reactive oxygen species levels may be a practical method to reduce the risk of developing hyperglycemia.

关键词： Organophosphate Pesticide New-onset diabetes mellitus Mechanism Reactive oxygen species

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Hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic kidney disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第16期19卷 2466-2472页

作者： Chern-Horng Lee Sen-Yung Hsieh Ja-Liang Lin Maw-Sen Liu tzung-hai yen College of Medicine Chang Gung University Department of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Liver Research Unit Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Department of Nephrology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital

AIM: To investigate outcomes of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). METHODS: Four hundred and forty patients referred between 2000 and 2002 for management of HCCs were categorized according to their CKD stage, i.e. , estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) > 90 (stage 1), 60-90 (stage 2), 30-60 (stage 3), 15-30 (stage 4), and < 15 (stage 5) mL/min per 1.73 m 2 , respectively. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data were collected and mortality rates and cause of mortality were analyzed. The mortality data were examined with Kaplan-meier method and the significance was tested using a log-rank test. An initial univariate Cox regression analysis was performed to compare the frequency of possible risk factors associated with mortality. To control for possible confounding factors, a multivariate Cox regression analysis (stepwise backward approach) was performed to analyze those factors that were significant in univariate models (P < 0.05) and met the assumptions of a proportional hazard model. RESULTS: Most HCC patients with CKD were elderly, with mean age of diagnosis of 60.6 ± 11.9 years, and mostly male (74.8%). Hepatitis B, C and B and C coinfection virus were positive in 61.6%, 45.7% and 14.1% of the patients, respectively. It was found that patients with stages 4 and 5 CKD were not only older (P = 0.001), but also had higher hepatitis C virus carrier rate (P = 0.001), lower serum albumin level (P = 0.001), lower platelet count (P = 0.037), longer prothrombin time (P = 0.001) as well as higher proportions of advanced cirrhosis (P = 0.002) and HCCs (P = 0.001) than patients with stages 1 and 2 CKD. At the end of analysis, 162 (36.9%) patients had died. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that patients with stages 4 and 5 CKD suffered lower cumulative survival than stages 1 and 2 CKD (log-rank test, χ 2 = 11.764, P = 0.003). In a multivariate Cox-regression model, it was confirmed that CKD stage [odds ratio (OR) = 1.988, 95%CI: 1.012-3.906, P = 0.046)], liver cirrhosis s

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis C virus Chronic kidney disease End-stage renal disease

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Is convenience really king? Comparative evaluation of catastrophic costs due to tuberculosis in the public and private healthcare sectors of Viet Nam: a longitudinal patient cost study

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贫困所致传染病(英文) 2024年第2期13卷 1-12页

作者： Nguyen Hoa Binh Quang Vo Luan Nguyen Forse Rachel Jeanette Wiemers Anja Maria Christine Huynh Huy Ba Dong Thuy Thi Thu Phan yen Thi Hoang Creswell Jacob Dang Thi Minh Ha Nguyen Lan Huu Shedrawy Jad L?nnroth Knut Nguyen Tuan Dinh Van Dinh Luong Annerstedt Kristi Sidney Codlin Andrew James National Lung Hospital Ha Noi Viet Nam Friends for International TB Relief Ha Noi Viet Nam Department of Global Public Health WHO Collaboration Centre On Tuberculosis and Social Medicine Karolinska Institute Stockholm Sweden Stop TB Partnership Geneva Switzerland Pham Ngoc Thach Hospital Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam

Background In Viet Nam, tuberculosis (TB) represents a devastating life-event with an exorbitant price tag, partly due to lost income from daily directly observed therapy in public sector care. Thus, persons with TB may seek care in the private sector for its flexibility, convenience, and privacy. Our study aimed to measure income changes, costs and catastrophic cost incurrence among TB-affected households in the public and private sector.Methods Between October 2020 and March 2022, we conducted 110 longitudinal patient cost interviews, among 50 patients privately treated for TB and 60 TB patients treated by the National TB Program (NTP) in Ha Noi, hai Phong and Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam. Using a local adaptation of the WHO TB patient cost survey tool, participants were interviewed during the intensive phase, continuation phase and post-treatment. We compared income levels, direct and indirect treatment costs, catastrophic costs using Wilcoxon rank-sum and chi-squared tests and associated risk factors between the two cohorts using multivariate regression.Results The pre-treatment median monthly household income was significantly higher in the private sector versus NTP cohort (USD 868 vs USD 578;P=0.010). However, private sector treatment was also significantly costlier (USD 2075 vs USD 1313;P=0.005), driven by direct medical costs which were 4.6 times higher than costs reported by NTP participants (USD 754 vs USD 164;P<0.001). This resulted in no significant difference in catastrophic costs between the two cohorts (Private: 55% vs NTP: 52%;P=0.675). Factors associated with catastrophic cost included being a single-person household [adjusted odds ratio [(aOR=13.71; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.36–138.14;P=0.026], unemployment during treatment (aOR=10.86; 95%CI: 2.64–44.60;P<0.001) and experiencing TB-related stigma (aOR=37.90; 95%CI: 1.72–831.73;P=0.021).Conclusions Persons with TB in Viet Nam face similarly high risk of catastrophic costs whether treated in the public or private sector. Patient costs could be

关键词： Tuberculosis Patient cost Catastrophic cost Private sector Comparative analysis Viet Nam

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正月趣品牌设计,中国传统文化习俗的现代表达

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工业设计 2024年第2期 12-12页

作者： Tzu-Han Hung Tzu-Ching yen Ying-Hsueh Lee tzung-Hua Tsai 无不详 Asia University

“正月趣”是一个以中国新年为主题的文化创意品牌。此设计是为了唤起人们对中国文化习俗的记忆,保护和传承这一独特的文化传统。设计中融合了与传统习俗相关的,具有吉祥寓意的动物角色。产品的主色调是红色,这在中国通常代表着幸福、... 详细信息

“正月趣”是一个以中国新年为主题的文化创意品牌。此设计是为了唤起人们对中国文化习俗的记忆,保护和传承这一独特的文化传统。设计中融合了与传统习俗相关的,具有吉祥寓意的动物角色。产品的主色调是红色,这在中国通常代表着幸福、快乐和繁荣。设计师在小册子中或在信封、桌布、灯笼等物品上使用这些独特的元素,巧妙地将历史与现代生活相结合。

关键词：传统文化习俗文化创意品牌品牌设计吉祥寓意现代表达传统习俗主色调保护和传承

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