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Update on endoscopic pancreatic function testing

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第35期17卷 3957-3961页

作者： tyler Stevens Mansour A Parsi Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Digestive Disease Institute The Cleveland Clinic FoundationCleveland OH 44195 United States

Hormone-stimulated pancreatic function tests (PFTs) are considered the gold standard for measuring pancreatic exocrine function. PFTs involve the administration of intravenous secretin or cholecystokinin, followed by collection and analysis of pancreatic secretions. Because exocrine function may decline in the earliest phase of pancreatic fibrosis, PFTs are considered accurate for diagnosing chronic pancreatitis. Unfortunately, these potentially valuable tests are infrequently performed except at specialized centers, because they are time consuming and complicated. To overcome these limitations, endoscopic PFT methods have been developed which include aspiration of pancreatic secretions through the suction channel of the endoscope. The secretin endoscopic pancreatic function test (ePFT) involves collection of duodenal aspirates at 15, 30, 45 and 60 min after secretin stimulation. A bicarbonate concentration greater than 80 mmol/L in any of the samples is considered a normal result. The secretin ePFT has demonstrated good sensitivity and specificity compared with various reference standards, including the "Dreiling tube" secretin PFT, endoscopic ultrasound, and surgical histology. Furthermore, a standard autoanalyzer can be used for bicarbonate analysis, which allows the secretin ePFT to be performed at any hospital. The secretin ePFT may complement imaging tests like endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) in the diagnosis of early chronic *** paper will review the literature validating the use of ePFT in the diagnosis of exocrine insufficiency and chronic pancreatitis. Newer developments will also be discussed, including the feasibility of combined EUS/ ePFT, the use of cholecystokinin alone or in combination with secretin, and the discovery of new protein and lipid pancreatic juice biomarkers which may complement traditional fluid analysis.

关键词：功能测试胰腺炎内镜胆囊收缩素分泌功能参考标准碳酸氢盐自动分析仪

Tinnitus assessment:Chinese version of the Tinnitus Primary Function Questionnaire

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2023年第1期9卷 27-34页

作者： Ying Xin Richard tyler Zi-Ming Yao Na Zhou Shan Xiong Li-Yuan Tao Fu-Rong Ma Tao Pan Department of Otolaryngology Peking University Third HospitalBeijingChina Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA Department of Epidemiology Peking University Third HospitalBeijingChina

Objective:The aim of this study is to evaluate the Chinese Version of the Tinnitus Primary Function Questionnaire(TPFQ).Methods:One hundred and sixteen patients who had been suffering from tinnitus for over 3 months were included in this *** tinnitus patients were administered the TPFQ,the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory(THI),the Beck Anxiety Inventory(BAI),the Beck Depression Inventory(BDI),and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI).Additionally,the magnitude estimate of tinnitus loudness,pure tone audiogram,and tinnitus matching was *** factor structure was measured using the Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin *** internal consistency was examined using Cronbach'sα*** relationships between the TPFQ scores and other measurements were compared using Spearman's rank correlation ***:The Cronbach'sαof the 20-item version of TPFQ was 0.94,and that of the 12-item version of TPFQ was *** the 20-and 12-item versions of TPFQ were significantly correlated with magnitude estimation of tinnitus loudness,THI,PSQI,BDI,and *** average pure tone hearing threshold was significantly correlated with the hearing ***:The 20-and 12-item Chinese versions of TPFQ are reliable and valid measures of *** TPFQ can be applied to the assessment and management of tinnitus among the Chinese-speaking population.

关键词： questionnaire reliability Tinnitus Tinnitus Primary Function Questionnaire

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Effect of pelvic fixation on ambulation in children with neuromuscular scoliosis

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第8期13卷 753-759页

作者： Luke Drake Hamdi Sukkarieh tyler McDonald Eldrin Bhanat Elisa Quince Myles Atkins Patrick Wright Jaysson Brooks Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMI 39110United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of South AlabamaMobileAL 36608United States School of Medicine William Carey College of MedicineHattiesburgMI 39401United States School of Medicine Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGE 30310United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery UT-SouthwesternDallasTX 75219United States

BACKGROUND The effect of posterior spinal fusion(PSF)incorporating the pelvis on an ambulatory patient’s ability to mobilize after the fusion is not well *** To see whether a posterior spinal fusion with pelvic fixation using iliac or sacral alar iliac screws in ambulatory neuromuscular scoliosis(NMS)patients influences postoperative ambulatory *** A retrospective review of all patients with NMS that underwent PSF with fixation incorporating the pelvis between January 1,2012 and February 29,2019.A total of 118 patients were eligible,including 11 ambulatory *** primary outcome was the maintenance of ambulatory status *** outcomes included postoperative curve magnitude,pelvic obliquity,and complications,comprising infections,instrumentation failure,and any unplanned returns to the operative *** The ambulatory function was maintained in all 11 ambulatory NMS *** patient had an improvement in functional status with equipment-free ambulation *** average postoperative follow-up was 19 *** overall complication rate was 19.4%(n=23)with no significant differences between the groups in infection(P=0.365),hardware failure(P=0.505),and reoperation rate(P=1.0).Ambulatory status did not affect complication rate(P=0.967).CONCLUSION Spinal fusion to the pelvis in ambulatory patients with NMS provides effective deformity correction without the reduction in ambulatory capabilities.

关键词： Pelvic fixation Ambulation Neuromuscular scoliosis Pediatrics Posterior spinal fusion Pelvis

Mannose metabolism normalizes gut homeostasis by blocking the TNF-α-mediated proinflammatory circuit

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第2期20卷 119-130页

作者： Peng Xiao Ziwei Hu Jiaheng Lang Tianyuan Pan Randall tyler Mertens Huilun Zhang Ke Guo Manlu Shen Hongqiang Cheng Xue Zhang Qian Cao Yuehai Ke Department of Gastroenterology Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology and Department of Gastroenterology at Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina Immunological Disease Research Center Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina Key Laboratory for Immunity and Inflammatory Diseases of Zhejiang Province HangzhouChina Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina Department of General Medicine The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina Department of Immunology Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems and Precision Medicine Zhejiang University Medical CenterHangzhouChina

Mannose is a naturally occurring sugar widely consumed in the daily diet;however,mechanistic insights into how mannose metabolism affects intestinal inflammation remain ***,we reported that mannose supplementation ameliorated colitis development and promoted colitis ***-secreted inflammatory cytokines,particularly TNF-α,induced pathological endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS)in intestinal epithelial cells(IECs),which was prevented by mannose via normalization of protein *** preserving epithelial integrity,mannose reduced the inflammatory activation of colonic *** the other hand,mannose directly suppressed macrophage TNF-αproduction translationally by reducing the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate level,thus promoting GAPDH binding to TNF-α***,we found dysregulated mannose metabolism in the colonic mucosa of patients with inflammatory bowel ***,we revealed that activating PMM2 activity with epalrestat,a clinically approved drug for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy,elicited further sensitization to the therapeutic effect of ***,mannose metabolism prevents TNF-α-mediated pathogenic crosstalk between IECs and intestinal macrophages,thereby normalizing aberrant immunometabolism in the gut.

关键词： Colitis Mannose Macrophages Intestinal epithelial cells TNF-alpha Endoplasmic reticulum stress

Forces and energetics of intermittent swimming

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2017年第4期33卷 725-732页

作者： Daniel Floryan tyler Van Buren Alexander J.Smits Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Princeton University Princeton NJ 08544 USA

Experiments are reported on intermittent swimming motions. Water tunnel experiments on a nominally two-dimensional pitching foil show that the mean thrust and power scale linearly with the duty cycle, from a value of 0.2 all the way up to continuous motions, indicating that individual bursts of activity in intermittent motions are independent of each other. This conclusion is corroborated by particle image velocimetry（PIV） flow visualizations, which show that the main vortical structures in the wake do not change with duty cycle. The experimental data also demonstrate that intermittent motions are generally energetically advantageous over continuous motions. When metabolic energy losses are taken into account, this conclusion is maintained for metabolic power fractions less than 1.

关键词： intermittent swimming maintained conclusion cycle thrust favorable producing aquatic circles

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Holistic perspective of the role of gut microbes in diabetes mellitus and its management

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World Journal of Diabetes 2021年第9期12卷 1463-1478页

作者： Kannayiram Alagiakrishnan tyler Halverson Department of Medicine University of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2G3AlbertaCanada

The gut microbiota(GM)plays a role in the development and progression of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM)and its *** dysbiosis contributes to the pathogenesis of *** GM has been shown to influence the efficacy of different antidiabetic *** of gut biotics,like prebiotics,probiotics and synbiotics,can improve the glucose control as well as the metabolic profile associated with *** is some preliminary evidence that it might even help with the cardiovascular,ophthalmic,nervous,and renal complications of DM and even contribute to the prevention of *** large-scale research studies are needed before wide spread use of gut biotics in clinical practice as an adjuvant therapy to the current management of DM.

关键词： Probiotics Prebiotics Synbiotics Diabetes mellitus Microbial dysbiosis Antidiabetic drugs

Diagnostic and therapeutic direct peroral cholangioscopy using an intraductal anchoring balloon

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第30期18卷 3992-3996页

作者： Mansour A Parsi tyler Stevens John J Vargo Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Digestive Disease InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States

AIM:To report our experience using a recently introduced anchoring balloon for diagnostic and therapeutic direct peroral cholangioscopy(DPOC).METHODS:Consecutive patients referred for diagnostic or therapeutic peroral cholangioscopy were evaluated in a prospective cohort *** patients underwent DPOC using an intraductal anchoring balloon,which was recently introduced to allow consistent access to the biliary tree with an ultraslim upper *** device was later voluntarily withdrawn from the market by the ***:Fourteen patients underwent DPOC using the anchoring *** access with an ultraslim upper endoscope was accomplished in all 14 *** 12(86%) patients,ductal access required sphincteroplasty with a 10-mm dilating *** placement of the ultraslim upper endoscope allowed satisfactory visualization of the biliary mucosa to the level of the confluence of the right and left hepatic ducts in 13 of 14 patients(93%).Therapeutic interventions by DPOC were successfully completed in all five attempted cases(intraductal biopsy in one and DPOC guided laser lithotripsy in four).Adverse events occurred in a patient on immunosuppressive therapy who developed an intrahepatic biloma at the site of the anchoring *** required hospitalization and *** endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography 8 wk after the index procedure showed resolution of the ***:Use of this anchoring balloon allowed consistent access to the biliary tree for performance of diagnostic and therapeutic DPOC distal to the biliary bifurcation.

关键词：住院治疗气球胆道诊断口服锚固管内显示分辨率

Identification of eight genes that are potentially involved in tamoxifen sensitivity in breast cancer cells

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Cell Research 2005年第6期15卷 439-446页

作者： tyler ZARUBIN Department of Immunology The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA

Although the antiestrogen agent tamoxifen has long been used to treat women with hormone receptor positive inva-sive breast carcinoma, the mechanisms of its action and acquired resistance to tamoxifen during treatment are largelyunknown. A number of studies have revealed that over-activation of some signaling pathways can cause tamoxifenresistance; however, very little information is available regarding the genes whose loss-of-function alternation contrib-ute to tamoxifen resistance. Here we used a forward genetic approach in vitro to generate tamoxifen resistant cells fromthe tamoxifen sensitive breast cancer cell line ZR-75-1, and further identified the disrupted gene in different tamoxifenresistant clones. Retinol binding protein 7, DNA polymerase-transactivated protein 3, γ-glutamyltransferase-like activity 1,slit-robo RhoGTPase-activating protein, tetraspan NET-4, HSPC194, amiloride-sensitive epithelial sodium channel gene,and Notch2, were the eight mutated genes identified in different tamoxifen resistant clones, suggesting their requirementfor tamoxifen sensitivity in ZR-75-1 cells. Since the functions of these genes are not related to each other, it suggeststhat multiple pathways can influence tamoxifen sensitivity in breast cancer cells.

关键词： tamoxifen breast cancer gene identification.

A TAXONOMY OF JAVAN HOMINID MANDIBLES

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人类学学报 1992年第4期11卷 292-299页

作者： Donald E.tyler Idaho 83843 U.S.A Moscow Dept. of Anthropology University of Idaho

The hominid mandibular remains from the Pleistocene of Java have been controversial since the discovery of Kedung Brubus (Mandible A) in 1890. Now, with several specimens, are they one species, or a mixture of species? What species of hominoid do these fossils represent?What was the fate of these hominoids? Were some replaced by a later hominid, or are they all representative of a single population? These mandibles are now called Kedung Brubus, and Sangiran 1 (Mandible B), 5 ("The Mandible of 1939") 6 (Meganthropus A), 8 (Meganthropus B),

关键词： In A TAXONOMY OF JAVAN HOMINID MANDIBLES than